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WoS SCOPUS Document Type Document Title Abstract Authors Affiliation ResearcherID (WoS) AuthorsID (SCOPUS) Author Email(s) Journal Name JCR Abbreviation ISSN eISSN Volume Issue WoS Edition WoS Category JCR Year IF JCR (%) FWCI FWCI Update Date WoS Citation SCOPUS Citation Keywords (WoS) KeywordsPlus (WoS) Keywords (SCOPUS) KeywordsPlus (SCOPUS) Language Publication Stage Publication Year Publication Date DOI JCR Link DOI Link WOS Link SCOPUS Link
Article Deep Learning Enabled Multicast Beamforming With Movable Antenna Array Beamforming with movable antenna (MA) array has recently attracted increasing attention as an enabling technology for next-generation wireless communications, e.g., 6G. In this letter, we consider a multicast scenario where a base station (BS) equipped with a linear MA array broadcasts common information to multiple users, each equipped with a single fixed-position antenna. Our objective is to jointly optimize the antenna position vector (APV) and antenna weight vector (AWV) by maximizing the minimum beamforming gain for the users, which is challenging to tackle analytically due to nonconvexity. To effectively and intelligently break through such challenge, we propose a novel deep learning (DL) model with three modules, namely, feature extractor, APV optimizer, and AWV optimizer. An effective training strategy for the proposed DL model is also developed in an unsupervised manner with a customized loss function. The superiority and effectiveness of the proposed scheme are confirmed through simulation results. Kang, Jae-Mo Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Artificial Intelligence, Daegu 41566, South Korea 56024930400 jmkang@knu.ac.kr; IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS IEEE WIREL COMMUN LE 2162-2337 2162-2345 13 7 SCIE ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;TELECOMMUNICATIONS;COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2024 5.5 15.3 3.51 2025-04-16 9 15 Array signal processing; Feature extraction; Antenna arrays; Vectors; Transmitting antennas; Training; Optimization; Beamforming; deep learning; movable antenna; multicast; 6G 6G; Beamforming; deep learning; movable antenna; multicast Beam forming networks; Deep learning; Feature extraction; Multicasting; 6g; Array signal processing; Deep learning; Features extraction; Movable antenna; Multicast; Optimisations; Position vector; Transmitting antenna; Weight vector; Beamforming English 2024 2024-07 10.1109/lwc.2024.3392924 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Correction Deep Learning Enabled Multicast Beamforming With Movable Antenna Array (vol 13, pg 1848, 2024) Kang, Jae-Mo Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Artificial Intelligence, Daegu 41566, South Korea jmkang@knu.ac.kr; IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS IEEE WIREL COMMUN LE 2162-2337 2162-2345 13 11 SCIE ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;TELECOMMUNICATIONS;COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2024 5.5 15.3 0 Deep learning; Array signal processing; Antenna arrays English 2024 2024-11 10.1109/lwc.2024.3464188 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Energy-Efficient Vehicular Edge Computing With One-by-One Access Scheme With the advent of ever-growing vehicular applications, vehicular edge computing (VEC) has emerged as a solution to augment the computing capacity of future smart vehicles. However, the ultimate challenge of fulfilling quality of service (QoS) requirements becomes increasingly prominent due to the constrained computing and communication resources of vehicles. In this letter, we propose an energy-efficient task offloading scheme for VEC system with one-by-one scheduling mechanism, where only one vehicle wakes up at a time to offload with a road side unit (RSU). The goal of the system is to minimize the total energy consumption of vehicles by jointly optimizing user scheduling, offloading ratio, and bit allocation within a given mission time. To this end, the mixed-integer and non-convex optimization problem is formulated and solved by adopting Lagrange dual problem. Via simulations, it is verified that the proposed method significantly reduces the vehicle's energy expenditure compared to the benchmark schemes. Jang, Youngsu; Jeong, Seongah; Kang, Joonhyuk Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Elect Engn, Daejeon 34141, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Daegu 14566, South Korea Kang, Joonhyuk/C-1771-2011 57218213536; 55210226900; 7404517651 jangyoung30@kaist.ac.kr;seongah@knu.ac.kr;jhkang@ee.kaist.ac.kr; IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS IEEE WIREL COMMUN LE 2162-2337 2162-2345 13 1 SCIE ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;TELECOMMUNICATIONS;COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2024 5.5 15.3 1.17 2025-04-16 3 4 Vehicular edge computing; one-by-one access; offloading; bit allocation; scheduling NETWORKS bit allocation; offloading; one-by-one access; scheduling; Vehicular edge computing Convex optimization; Edge computing; Energy efficiency; Energy utilization; Integer programming; Job analysis; Vehicle to vehicle communications; Vehicles; Bit rates; Bits allocation; Edge computing; Energy-consumption; Offloading; One-by-one access; Optimisations; Processor scheduling; Quality-of-service; Task analysis; Vehicular edge computing; Quality of service English 2024 2024-01 10.1109/lwc.2023.3318632 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Performance Analysis and Parameter Optimization of Regularized Zero-Forcing in MIMO Broadcast Channels With One-Bit ADCs Regularized zero-forcing (RZF) has been a cornerstone in wireless communications due to its near-optimal performance and low-complexity design. Despite extensive research on RZF, its capacity with one-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) remains unexplored. This letter addresses this gap by deriving the achievable performance of RZF in MIMO broadcast channels with one-bit ADCs and optimizing the corresponding parameters. Our findings include the derivation of RZF capacity under a reasonable restriction on input distributions imposed by the properties of one-bit ADCs, and an approximation method for the optimal regularizing parameter, ensuring near-optimal performance across varying system configurations. These results extend the applicability of RZF to modern communication systems utilizing low-resolution ADCs. Lim, Dogyu; Min, Moonsik Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea 59383380900; 55386299100 ehrb4190@knu.ac.kr;msmin@knu.ac.kr; IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS IEEE WIREL COMMUN LE 2162-2337 2162-2345 13 12 SCIE ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;TELECOMMUNICATIONS;COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2024 5.5 15.3 0 2025-05-07 1 1 Interference; Wireless communication; Vectors; Array signal processing; Random variables; Precoding; Optimization; Symmetric matrices; Standards; Signal to noise ratio; Multiple-input and multiple-output channel; regularized zero forcing; one-bit analog-to-digital converter; regularizing parameter; channel capacity MASSIVE MIMO; CAPACITY; COMMUNICATION; SYSTEMS channel capacity; Multiple-input and multiple-output channel; one-bit analog-to-digital converter; regularized zero forcing; regularizing parameter Communication channels (information theory); Analog to digital converters; Channel's capacity; MIMO broadcast channels; Multiple input and multiple output channels; Near-optimal performance; One-bit analog-to-digital converter; Performances analysis; Regularized zero forcing; Regularizing parameter; Zero-forcing; MIMO systems English 2024 2024-12 10.1109/lwc.2024.3478778 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Association between systemic inflammation biomarkers and mortality in patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury receiving intensive care and continuous kidney replacement therapy: results from the RENERGY (REsearches for NEphRology and epidemioloGY) study Background: Identifying risk factors and improving prognostication for mortality among patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) undergoing continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) is important in improving the adverse prognosis of this patient population. This study aimed to compare the prognostic value of existing systemic inflammation biomarkers and determine the optimal systemic inflammation biomarker in patients with sepsis-associated AKI receiving CKRT. Methods: This multi-center, retrospective, observational cohort study included 1,500 patients with sepsis-associated AKI treated with intensive care and CKRT. The main predictor was a panel of 13 different systemic inflammation biomarkers. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality after CKRT initiation. Secondary outcomes included 90-day mortality after CKRT initiation, CKRT duration, kidney replacement therapy dependence at discharge, and lengths of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stays. Results: When added to the widely accepted Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, platelet-to-albumin ratio (PAR) and neutrophil-platelet score (NPS) had the highest improvements in prognostication of 28-day mortality, where the corresponding increases in C-statistic were 0.01 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.00-0.02) and 0.02 (95% CI, 0.01-0.03). Similar findings were observed for 90-day mortality. The 28- and 90-day mortality rates were significantly lower for the higher PAR and NPS quartiles. These associations remained significant even after adjustment for potential confounding variables in multivariable Cox proportional hazards Conclusion: Of the available systemic inflammation biomarkers, the addition of PAR or NPS to conventional ICU prediction models improved the prognostication of patients with sepsis-associated AKI receiving intensive care and CKRT. Jung, Chan-Young; Jung, Jiyun; Lim, Jeong-Hoon; Paek, Jin Hyuk; Kim, Kipyo; Ban, Tae Hyun; Park, Jae Yoon; Kim, Hyosang; Kim, Yong Chul; Baek, Chung Hee Univ Ulsan, Coll Med, Asan Med Ctr, Div Nephrol,Dept Internal Med, 88 Olymp Ro 43 Gil, Seoul 05505, South Korea; Dongguk Univ, Ilsan Hosp, Clin Trial Ctr, Goyang, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Chilgok Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Daegu, South Korea; Keimyung Univ, Sch Med, Dongsan Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Seoul, South Korea; Inha Univ, Inha Univ Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Coll Med, Incheon, South Korea; Catholic Univ Korea, Eunpyeong St Marys Hosp, Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Seoul, South Korea; Dongguk Univ, Ilsan Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Goyang, South Korea; Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Internal Med, 101 Daehak Ro, Seoul 03080, South Korea Jung, Chan/HTG-3801-2023; Lim, Jeong-Hoon/ABE-6003-2020 57221559510; 57211813518; 55360244300; 57205473062; 57164118000; 56119751700; 56603383500; 57190118848; 57026583000; 55013637800 imyongkim@gmail.com;bch393@amc.seoul.kr; KIDNEY RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE KIDNEY RES CLIN PRAC 2211-9132 2211-9140 43 4 SCIE UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY 2024 3.8 15.4 0 2025-05-07 0 0 Acute kidney injury; Biomarkers; Continuous renal replacement therapy; Inflammation; Sepsis CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; ACUTE-RENAL-FAILURE; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; APACHE-II; SCORE Acute kidney injury; Biomarkers; Continuous renal replacement therapy; Inflammation; Sepsis albumin; biological marker; C reactive protein; creatinine; hemoglobin; lactic acid; acute kidney failure; aged; APACHE; Article; artificial ventilation; blood flow velocity; body mass; cardiovascular disease; Charlson Comorbidity Index; cohort analysis; creatinine blood level; estimated glomerular filtration rate; female; follow up; glomerulus filtration rate; hemodiafiltration; hospital mortality; human; hyperkalemia; hypertension; immune response; inflammation; intensive care; intensive care unit; kidney injury; leukocyte count; lymphocyte count; major clinical study; male; metabolic acidosis; mortality; multicenter study; neutrophil; neutrophil count; neutrophil lymphocyte ratio; observational study; platelet count; red blood cell distribution width; renal replacement therapy; retrospective study; risk factor; scoring system; sepsis; Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score; survival rate; urea nitrogen blood level English 2024 2024-07 10.23876/j.krcp.23.321 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Bioaccumulation and health risk assessment of trace elements in Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) from selected inland water bodies The presence of toxic trace elements (TEs) has resulted in a worldwide deterioration in freshwater ecosystem quality. This study aimed to analyze the distribution of TEs, including chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb), in water, sediment, and organs of Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) collected from selected inland water bodies in Tamil Nadu, India. The water samples exhibited a range of concentrations for TEs: Cr varied from 0.014 to 5.193 mu g/L, Ni ranged from 0.283 to 11.133 mu g/L, As ranged from 0.503 to 1.519 mu g/L, Cd from 0.001 to 0.616 mu g/L, and Pb ranged from non-detectable (ND) to 6.103 mu g/L. The concentrations of TEs in sediment were found to vary within the following ranges: 5.259 to 32.621 mg/kg for Cr, 1.932 to 30.487 mg/kg for Ni, 0.129 to 0.563 mg/kg for As, 0.003 to 0.011 mg/kg for Cd, ND to 0.003 mg/kg for Hg, and 0.404 to 1.575 mg/kg for Pb. The study found that the accumulation pattern of TE in fishes across all selected areas was liver > bone > gill > muscle. The organs had TE concentrations of Cr (ND-0.769 mg/kg), Ni (ND-1.053 mg/kg), As (0.002-0.080 mg/kg), Pb (ND-0.411 mg/kg), and Hg (ND-0.067 mg/kg), which was below the maximum residual limit prescribed by EC and FSSAI. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of TEs exhibited a greater magnitude in comparison with the biota-sediment accumulation factor due to the higher concentration of TEs in fish and lower level in water. The assessment of both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks suggests that the consumption of Tilapia from the study region does not pose any significant risks. Balamanikandan, Vijayakumar; Shalini, Rajendran; Arisekar, Ulaganathan; Shakila, Robinson Jeya; Padmavathy, Pandurangan; Sivaraman, Balasubramanian; Devanesan, Sandhanasamy; Sundhar, Shanmugam; Alsalhi, Mohamad S.; Mythili, R.; Kim, Woong Tamil Nadu Dr JJayalalithaa Fisheries Univ, Fisheries Coll & Res Inst, Dept Fish Qual Assurance & Management, Tamil Nadu Dr, Thoothukudi 628008, Tamil Nadu, India; Tamil Nadu Dr JJayalalithaa Fisheries Univ, Fisheries Coll & Res Inst, Dept Aquat Environm Management, Tamil Nadu Dr, Thoothukudi 628008, Tamil Nadu, India; King Saud Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Phys & Astron, POB 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Saveetha Univ, Saveetha Dent Coll & Hosp, Saveetha Inst Med & Tech Sci, Dept Pharmacol, Chennai 600077, India; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Daegu, South Korea Arisekar, Dr. Ulaganathan Arisekar/ABC-6580-2021; Shakila, Robinsondhas/AEV-6351-2022; Devanesan, Dr. Sandhanasamy/ABH-3378-2021; Shanmugam, Sundhar/HOC-9720-2023; Balasubramanian, Sivaraman/GNM-5394-2022 59012701500; 57194198054; 57205302340; 57212075794; 57189211412; 56898792500; 55279721800; 57210427998; 10440259800; 56765761500; 55581636400 shalini@tnfu.ac.in;harimfsc2525@gmail.com; ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH ENVIRON GEOCHEM HLTH 0269-4042 1573-2983 46 6 SCIE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES;PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH;WATER RESOURCES;ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL 2024 3.8 15.4 0.38 2025-05-07 1 4 Trace elements; Tilapia organs; Freshwater environment; Bioaccumulation factor; Hazard quotient; Hazard index; Lifetime cancer risk HEAVY-METALS; EDIBLE FISH; RIVER KABUL; SEDIMENTS; CONTAMINATION; ACCUMULATION; URBAN; BAY; CD; MULTIVARIATE Bioaccumulation factor; Freshwater environment; Hazard index; Hazard quotient; Lifetime cancer risk; Tilapia organs; Trace elements Animals; Bioaccumulation; Environmental Monitoring; Fresh Water; Geologic Sediments; Humans; India; Metals, Heavy; Risk Assessment; Tilapia; Trace Elements; Water Pollutants, Chemical; India; Tamil Nadu; Bioaccumulation; Biochemistry; Deterioration; Diseases; Fish; Hazards; Health risks; Mercury (metal); Muscle; Risk assessment; Sediments; Water; fresh water; heavy metal; trace element; Bioaccumulation factor; Cancer risk; Freshwater environments; Hazard indices; Hazard quotients; Inland waters; Lifetime cancer risk; Tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus; Tilapia organ; Traces elements; bioaccumulation; chromium; concentration (composition); environmental risk; hazard assessment; health risk; physiological response; risk assessment; animal; bioaccumulation; chemistry; environmental monitoring; human; India; metabolism; risk assessment; sediment; Tilapia; water pollutant; Trace elements English 2024 2024-06 10.1007/s10653-024-01909-4 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Design and Evaluation of a Reprocessable Bismaleimide Thermoset: Enhancing Functionality and Sustainability Compatibility Bismaleimide (BMI) resins are high-performance thermosets that are primarily used in aerospace because of their exceptional heat resistance and physical properties. However, their growing demand has led to significant environmentally unfriendly waste. To address this, our research proposes a reprocessable BMI system using a newly synthesized BMI vitrimer (BMIV) with functional groups that form covalent adaptable networks (CANs). To enhance the properties, a symmetrical BMI with two ester groups introduced into the rigid rod molecule was designed as a CAN component. After confirming the structure using various spectroscopic techniques, BMIV was coupled with aromatic diamines via an additional aza-Michael reaction to obtain the cured resins. Subsequently, the mechanical properties and reprocessing behavior of the thermally stable and optimized thermosetting material with the best performance were evaluated, and the evidence, mechanism, and activation energy of the topology rearrangement are reported in detail. Hoang, Van-Kien; Ku, Kyosun; Yeo, Hyeonuk Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Nanosci & Nanotechnol, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Adv Inst Water Ind, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Chem Educ Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Appl Chem Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea ; Yeo, Hyeonuk/AHE-0397-2022; yeo, hyeonuk/G-7890-2017 58279883100; 57219781815; 55324816500 yeo@knu.ac.kr; ACS MACRO LETTERS ACS MACRO LETT 2161-1653 13 10 SCIE POLYMER SCIENCE 2024 5.2 15.4 0 2025-05-07 1 1 CURE; TEMPERATURE; NETWORKS; POLYMERS; KINETICS Thermosets; diamine; resin; Bismaleimide resins; Bismaleimide systems; Bismaleimides; Design and evaluations; Ester groups; Functionals; Growing demand; High-performance thermosets; Property; Synthesised; article; controlled study; heat tolerance; Michael addition; Activation energy English 2024 2024-09-16 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00545 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Diffusion of organochlorine (OCPs) and cypermethrin pesticides from rohu (Labeo rohita) internal organs to edible tissues during ice storage: a threat to human health The migration of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and cypermethrin residues from internal organs to edible tissues of ice-held Labeo rohita (rohu) was investigated in this study. The liver (246 mu g/kg) had the highest level of n-ary sumation OCP residues, followed by the gills (226 mu g/kg), intestine (167 mu g/kg), and muscle tissue (54 mu g/kg). The predominant OCPs in the liver and gut were endosulfan (53-66 mu g/kg), endrin (45-53 mu g/kg), and dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT; 26-35 mu g/kg). The n-ary sumation OCP residues in muscle increased to 152 mu g/kg when the entire rohu was stored in ice, but they decreased to 129 mu g/kg in gill tissues. On days 5 and 9, the total OCPs in the liver increased to 317 mu g/kg and 933 mu g/kg, respectively. Beyond day 5 of storage, total internal organ disintegration had led to an abnormal increase in OCP residues of liver-like mass. Despite a threefold increase in overall OCP residues by day 9, accumulation of benzene hexachloride (BHC) and heptachlor was sixfold, endrin and DDT were fourfold, aldrin was threefold, and endosulfan and cypermethrin were both twofold. Endosulfan, DDT, endrin, and heptachlor were similarly lost in the gills at a rate of 40%, while aldrin and BHC were also lost at 60 and 30%, respectively. The accumulation of OCP residues in tissues has been attributed to particular types of fatty acid derivatives. The study concluded that while pesticide diffusion to edible tissues can occur during ice storage, the levels observed were well below the allowable limit for endosulfan, endrin, and DDT. Arisekar, Ulaganathan; Shakila, Robinson Jeya; Shalini, Rajendran; Sivaraman, Balasubramanian; Karthy, Arjunan; Al-Ansari, Mysoon M.; Al-Dahmash, Nora Dahmash; Mythili, R.; Kim, Woong; Ramkumar, Sugumar; Kalidass, Bhagyalakshmi; Sangma, Shannon N. Tamil Nadu Dr J Jayalalithaa Fisheries Univ TNJFU, Dept Fish Qual Assurance & Management, Fisheries Coll & Res Inst, Tuticorin 628008, Tamil Nadu, India; Tamil Nadu Dr J Jayalalithaa Fisheries Univ TNJFU, Fisheries Coll & Res Inst, Dept Fishing Technol & Fisheries Engn, Tuticorin 628008, Tamil Nadu, India; King Saud Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Saveetha Univ, Saveetha Dent Coll & Hosp, Saveetha Inst Med & Tech Sci, Dept Pharmacol, Chennai 600077, India; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Daegu, South Korea; ICAR Cent Marine Fisheries Res Inst, Mumbai 400061, Maharashtra, India; ICAR Indian Agr Res Inst, Hazaribagh 825405, Jharkhand, India Shakila, Robinsondhas/AEV-6351-2022; Arisekar, Dr. Ulaganathan Arisekar/ABC-6580-2021; Balasubramanian, Sivaraman/GNM-5394-2022; Al-Ansari, Mysoon/K-1915-2013 57205302340; 57212075794; 57194198054; 56898792500; 57443017900; 55266071800; 58543692400; 56765761500; 55581636400; 57203688888; 56488016500; 58064914100 harimfsc2525@gmail.com;shalini@tnfu.ac.in;arisekar@tnfu.ac.in; ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH ENVIRON GEOCHEM HLTH 0269-4042 1573-2983 46 4 SCIE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES;PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH;WATER RESOURCES;ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL 2024 3.8 15.4 0.38 2025-05-07 2 2 Rohu (Labeo rohita); OCP residues; Internal organs; Diffusion; Fatty acids; Maximum residual limit RESIDUES; EXTRACTION; WATER Diffusion; Fatty acids; Internal organs; Maximum residual limit; OCP residues; Rohu (Labeo rohita) Aldrin; Animals; DDT; Endosulfan; Endrin; Environmental Monitoring; Heptachlor; Hexachlorocyclohexane; Humans; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; Ice; Pesticide Residues; Pesticides; Pyrethrins; Diffusion; Disintegration; Health risks; Histology; Ice; Insecticides; Muscle; aldrin; chlorinated hydrocarbon; chlorphenotane; cypermethrin; endosulfan; endrin; heptachlor; hexachlorocyclohexane; ice; pesticide; pesticide residue; pyrethroid; Cypermethrins; Edible tissue; Endosulfans; Ice storage; Internal organs; Labeo rohita; Maximum residual limits; Organochlorine pesticide residues; Organochlorine pesticides; Rohu (labeo rohitum); cypermethrin; cyprinid; diffusion; endosulfan; fatty acid; organochlorine pesticide; public health; animal; environmental monitoring; human; Fatty acids English 2024 2024-04 10.1007/s10653-024-01891-x 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Editorial Material Does the primary cilium elongation play a role in urine concentration? Kwon, Tae-Hwan Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, 680 Gukchaebosang Ro, Daegu 41944, South Korea Kwon, Tae-Hwan/ABA-1981-2020 7202206089 thkwon@knu.ac.kr; KIDNEY RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE KIDNEY RES CLIN PRAC 2211-9132 2211-9140 43 3 SCIE UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY 2024 3.8 15.4 0 2025-05-07 0 0 alpha tubulin; aquaporin 2; cyclic AMP; histone deacetylase 6; mitogen activated protein kinase 1; mitogen activated protein kinase p38; polycystin 1; polycystin 2; protein serine threonine kinase; tolvaptan; vasopressin V2 receptor; cell differentiation; cell elongation; cell proliferation; chemoreceptor; Editorial; end stage renal disease; epithelial cell line; human; kidney concentrating capacity; kidney polycystic disease; kidney tubule function; mammal cell; mechanoreceptor; mutation; organogenesis; primary cilium; sleep disorder English 2024 2024-05 10.23876/j.krcp.24.105 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article ECG-TransCovNet: A hybrid transformer model for accurate arrhythmia detection using Electrocardiogram signals Abnormalities in the heart's rhythm, known as arrhythmias, pose a significant threat to global health, often leading to severe cardiac conditions and sudden cardiac deaths. Therefore, early and accurate detection of arrhythmias is crucial for timely intervention and potentially life-saving treatment. Artificial Intelligence, particularly deep learning, has revolutionised the detection and diagnosis of various health conditions, including arrhythmias. A unique hybrid architecture, ECG-TransCovNet, that combines Convolutional Neural Networks and Transformer models for enhanced arrhythmia detection in Electrocardiogram signals is introduced. The authors’ approach leverages the superior temporal pattern recognition capabilities of Transformers and the spatial feature extraction strengths of convolutional neural networks, providing a robust and accurate solution for arrhythmia detection. The performance and generalisability of the authors’ proposed model are validated through tests on the MIT-BIH arrhythmia and PhysioNet databases. The authors conducted experimental trials using these two benchmark datasets. The authors’ results demonstrate that the proposed ECG-TransCovNet model achieves state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance in terms of detection accuracy, reaching 98.6%. Additionally, the authors conducted several experiments and compared the results to the most recent techniques utilising their assessment measures. The experimental results demonstrate that the authors’ model can generally produce better results. © 2024 The Authors. CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of Engineering and Technology and Chongqing University of Technology. Shah, Hasnain Ali; Saeed, Faisal; Diyan, Muhammad; Almujally, Nouf Abdullah; Kang, Jae-Mo Department of Artificial Intelligence, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea; Department of Artificial Intelligence, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea; School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; Department of Information Systems, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Artificial Intelligence, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea 57762344700; 58165089300; 26028317800; 57193325656; 56024930400 jmkang@knu.ac.kr; CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology CAAI T INTELL TECHNO 2468-6557 2468-2322 SCIE COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 2024 7.3 15.4 1.91 2025-04-16 8 artificial intelligence; biology computing; deep learning; machine learning; signal detection Biomedical signal processing; Convolution; Convolutional neural networks; Deep learning; Diseases; Feature extraction; Health risks; Learning systems; Signal detection; Arrhythmia detection; Biology computing; Condition; Convolutional neural network; Deep learning; Electrocardiogram signal; Global health; Machine-learning; Signal's detections; Transformer modeling; Electrocardiograms English Article in press 2024 10.1049/cit2.12293 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Effect of immunosuppressive agents on clinical outcomes in idiopathic membranous nephropathy Background: Few comparative studies on the effects of immunosuppressants in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy have been conducted. Methods: Data from 489 patients who received conservative treatment or immunosuppressants were retrospectively analyzed by propensity score matching. Primary outcomes were complete or partial remission (CR or PR) of proteinuria, and secondary outcomes were renal survival and infection. Results: Of the 489 patients, 357 (73.0%) received immunosuppressants. Propensity score matching identified 82 patients from the conservative group and 82 patients in the immunosuppressant group. CR or PR at 12 months was significantly higher in the immunosuppressant group compared with the conservative group for the total population (p = 0.002) and the propensity score-matched population (p = 0.02). The use of immunosuppressants was significantly more effective with respect to achieving a CR or PR at 12 months in patients who were aged = 4.0 g/g or an estimated glomerular filtration rate of >= 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (p 0.99). Conclusion: The remission rate was significantly higher in the immunosuppressant group than in the conservative group, particularly in the subgroup of patients who were young or female, or those with heavy proteinuria loads or good renal function. Choi, Ji-Young; Chin, Ho Jun; Lee, Hajeong; Jeon, Yena; Lim, Jeong-Hoon; Jung, Hee-Yeon; Cho, Jang-Hee; Kim, Chan-Duck; Kim, Yong-Lim; Park, Sun-Hee Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Daegu, South Korea; Seoul Natl Univ, Bundang Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Coll Med, Seongnam, South Korea; Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Seoul, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Stat, Daegu, South Korea ; Lim, Jeong-Hoon/ABE-6003-2020; Chin, Ho/J-5678-2012; Kim, Yong-Lim/AGK-3172-2022; Park, Sun-Hee/LMN-0033-2024; Cho, Jang-hee/ABD-3534-2020 7501393222; 23495522400; 36554389800; 57209909350; 55360244300; 57196396467; 7403536291; 8558530700; 55633533600; 7501831741 sh-park@knu.ac.kr; KIDNEY RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE KIDNEY RES CLIN PRAC 2211-9132 2211-9140 43 5 SCIE UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY 2024 3.8 15.4 1.28 2025-05-07 2 3 Immunosuppressive agents; Membranous nephropathy; Outcome; Propensity score LONG-TERM OUTCOMES; NEPHROTIC SYNDROME; HIGH-RISK; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; RITUXIMAB; CORTICOSTEROIDS; CYCLOSPORINE; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; CHLORAMBUCIL; REMISSION Immunosuppressive agents; Membranous nephropathy; Outcome; Propensity score albumin; angiotensin receptor antagonist; creatinine; dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor; hemoglobin; immunosuppressive agent; low density lipoprotein; phospholipase A2; uric acid; adult; Article; body mass; cerebrovascular disease; cholesterol blood level; clinical outcome; controlled study; creatinine blood level; demographics; diabetes mellitus; diastolic blood pressure; disease activity; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; estimated glomerular filtration rate; female; follow up; glomerulus filtration rate; hemodialysis; human; hypertension; ischemic heart disease; kidney biopsy; kidney function; major clinical study; male; membranous glomerulonephritis; middle aged; mortality rate; polymerase chain reaction; protein creatinine ratio; proteinuria; renal replacement therapy; retrospective study; systolic blood pressure; urea nitrogen blood level English 2024 2024-09 10.23876/j.krcp.22.255 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article High water intake induces primary cilium elongation in renal tubular cells Background: The primary cilium protrudes from the cell surface and functions as a mechanosensor. Recently, we found that water intake restriction shortens the primary cilia of renal tubular cells, and a blockage of the shortening disturbs the ability of the kidneys to concentrate urine. Here, we investigate whether high water intake (HWI) alters primary cilia length, and if so, what is its underlying mechanism and its role on kidney urine production. Methods: Experimental mice were given free access to normal water (normal water intake) or 3% sucrose -containing water for HWI for 2 days. Some mice were administered with U0126 (10 mg/kg body weight), an inhibitor of MEK kinase, from 2 days before HWI, daily. The primary cilium length and urine amount and osmolality were investigated. Results: HWI-induced diluted urine production and primary cilium elongation in renal tubular cells. HWI increased the expression of alpha -tubulin acetyltransferase 1 ( alpha TAT1), leading to the acetylation of alpha -tubulins, a core protein of the primary cilia. HWI also increased phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) and exocyst complex component 5 (Exoc5) expression in the kidneys. U0126 blocked HWI-induced increases in alpha TAT1, p-ERK1/2, and Exoc5 expression. U0126 inhibited HWI-induced alpha -tubulin acetylation, primary cilium elongation, urine amount increase, and urine osmolality decrease. Conclusion: These results show that increased water intake elongates the primary cilia via ERK1/2 activation and that ERK inhibition prevents primary cilium elongation and diluted urine production. These data suggest that the elongation of primary cilium length is associated with the production of diluted urine. Kong, Min Jung; Han, Sang Jun; Seu, Sung Young; Han, Ki-Hwan; Lipschutz, Joshua H.; Park, Kwon Moo Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anat, BK21 Plus, Daegu, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Cardiovasc Res Inst, Sch Med, Daegu, South Korea; Pukyong Natl Univ, Coll Fisheries Sci, Dept Biotechnol, Busan, South Korea; Ewha Womans Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anat, Seoul, South Korea; Med Univ South Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC USA; Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Charleston, SC USA; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anat, 680 Gukchaebosang Ro, Daegu 41944, South Korea 57194730911; 57202122005; 57194267679; 14622504200; 6701696189; 8785448200 kmpark@knu.ac.kr; KIDNEY RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE KIDNEY RES CLIN PRAC 2211-9132 2211-9140 43 3 SCIE UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY 2024 3.8 15.4 0.64 2025-05-07 0 1 -tubulin acetyltransferase; Aquaporin 2; ERK; Hydration; Primary cilia COLLECTING DUCT; ALPHA-TUBULIN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; KIDNEY; CILIOGENESIS; LENGTH; ACETYLATION; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION Aquaporin 2; ERK; Hydration; Primary cilia; α-tubulin acetyltransferase 1,4 diamino 1,4 bis(2 aminophenylthio) 2,3 dicyanobutadiene; acyltransferase; alpha tubulin; alpha tubulin acetyltransferase 1; aquaporin 1; aquaporin 2; histone deacetylase 6; mitogen activated protein kinase 1; mitogen activated protein kinase 3; unclassified drug; acetylation; animal cell; animal experiment; animal model; Article; cell elongation; centrifugation; fluid intake; glucose blood level; hydration; immunofluorescence assay; immunohistochemistry; kidney tubule cell; MDCK cell line; mouse; nonhuman; post hoc analysis; primary cilium; primary cilium elongation; urine osmolality; urine volume; Western blotting English 2024 2024-05 10.23876/j.krcp.23.087 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Kidney Health Plan 2033 in Korea: bridging the gap between the present and the future In response to the increase in the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Korea, the growth of patients requiring renal replacement therapy and the subsequent increase in medical costs, the rapid expansion of patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), and the decrease in patients receiving home therapy, including peritoneal dialysis, the Korean Society of Nephrology has proclaimed the new policy, Kidney Health Plan 2033 (KHP 2033). KHP 2033 would serve as a milestone to bridge the current issues to a future solution by directing the prevention and progression of CKD and ESKD, particularly diabetic kidney disease, and increasing the proportion of home therapy, thereby reducing the socioeconomic burden of kidney disease and improving the quality of life. Here, we provide the background for the necessity of KHP 2033, as well as the contents of KHP 2033, and enlighten the Korean Society of Nephrology's future goals. Together with patients, healthcare providers, academic societies, and national policymakers, we need to move forward with goal-oriented drive and leadership to achieve these goals. Kim, Do Hyoung; Hyun, Young Youl; Cha, Jin Joo; Lee, Sua; Lee, Hyun Kyung; Choi, Jong Wook; Kim, Su-Hyun; Han, Sang Youb; Park, Cheol Whee; Lee, Eun Young; Cha, Dae Ryong; Kim, Sung Gyun; Lim, Chun Soo; Park, Sun-Hee Hallym Univ, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hosp, Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Seoul, South Korea; Sungkyunkwan Univ, Sch Med, Kangbuk Samsung Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Seoul, South Korea; Korea Univ, Coll Med, Ansan Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Ansan, South Korea; Eulji Univ, Daejeon Eulji Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Daejeon, South Korea; Kangwon Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Pediat, Chunchon, South Korea; Konkuk Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Chungju, South Korea; Chung Ang Univ, Chung Ang Univ Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Coll Med, Seoul 06973, South Korea; Inje Univ, Ilsan Paik Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Goyang, South Korea; Catholic Univ Korea, Seoul St Marys Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Div Nephrol, Seoul, South Korea; Soonchunhyang Univ, Cheonan Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Cheonan, South Korea; Hallym Univ, Sacred Heart Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Anyang, South Korea; Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Med, SMG SNU Boramae Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Seoul, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Kyungpook Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Div Nephrol,Sch Med, Daegu, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Kyungpook Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Div Nephrol,Sch Med, 130 Dongdeok Ro, Daegu 41944, South Korea; Seoul Natl Univ, Boramae Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, SMG SNU,Coll Med, 20 Boramae Ro 5 Gil, Seoul 07061, South Korea ; lee, hyunkyung/KHD-6267-2024; Lee, HyunKyung/KHD-6267-2024; Kim, Do Hyoung/AAE-7557-2022; Lee, Eun/Q-6592-2019; Park, Sun-Hee/LMN-0033-2024; Kim, Soo-Yeon/ADR-9663-2022; Kim, Su Hyun/JPY-2079-2023 57215136490; 57037163300; 57195458927; 57192517406; 57191042246; 55905142800; 57196229394; 57216860543; 34880445500; 57203206532; 7005237879; 34770030300; 15019536200; 7501831741 cslimjy@snu.ac.kr;sh-park@knu.ac.kr; KIDNEY RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE KIDNEY RES CLIN PRAC 2211-9132 2211-9140 43 1 SCIE UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY 2024 3.8 15.4 4.95 2025-04-16 6 8 Chronic kidney failure; Diabetic nephropathies; Kidney Health Plan 2033; Korean Society of Nephrology HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; PERITONEAL-DIALYSIS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; MODALITY; OUTCOMES; DISEASE; CARE Chronic kidney failure; Diabetic nephropathies; Kidney Health Plan 2033; Korean Society of Nephrology albumin; calcium; hemoglobin; phosphorus; adult; albuminuria; Article; atrial fibrillation; cardiovascular disease; cerebrovascular disease; chronic kidney failure; congestive heart failure; diabetes mellitus; diabetic nephropathy; dialysis; end stage renal disease; estimated glomerular filtration rate; female; glomerulonephritis; health care personnel; health insurance; heart disease; hospitalization; human; hypertension; ischemic heart disease; kidney function; kidney graft; korean society of nephrology; major clinical study; male; middle aged; mortality rate; nephrology; peritoneal dialysis; pneumonia; population; practice guideline; prevalence; prognosis; public health; pulse pressure; quality control; quality of life; renal replacement therapy; symposium; systolic blood pressure; systolic hypertension English 2024 2024-01 10.23876/j.krcp.23.232 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Natural peloids originating from subsea depths of 200 m in the hupo basin, South Korea: physicochemical properties for potential pelotherapy applications The present study firstly reports surface sediment from the subsea depth of 200 m as a potential natural peloid. The fine-silt sediment exhibited a consistent clay mineral composition dominated by illite, chlorite, kaolinite, and diatomite. The most abundant clay mineral was illite/mica, with other minerals loosely packed in a face-to-face orientation. The thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and cation-exchange capacity of the sediment were in the range 0.855-0.885 W/m K, 2.718-2.821 J/g degrees C, and 23.06-32.96 cmol/kg, respectively. The concentrations of most toxic elements in the sediment were considerably lower than the limits set by domestic cosmetic regulations and other international standards. The analyzed samples exhibited similar properties to those of previously reported peloids, thus making them suitable for use in the field of pelotherapy; furthermore, the consistency in data across a wide peloid-distribution area is expected to enable economically viable mining. Future investigations should aim to to evaluate the long-term effects on the skin, the bioavailability of potentially hazardous substances, and the therapeutic efficacy for various skin conditions. Park, Changyun; Kim, Jae-Hwan; Choi, Woohyun; Kim, Daeyoung; No, Sang-Gun; Chung, Donghoon; Lee, Hae-in; Seo, Seungbin; Seo, Sung Man Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Earth Syst Sci, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources, 124 Gwahang-ro, Daejeon 305350, South Korea 56197393100; 57203324980; 57195467789; 57203012510; 57195560262; 56197258200; 59165808200; 57966903200; 57200273242 changyun.park@knu.ac.kr;smseo@kigam.re.kr; ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH ENVIRON GEOCHEM HLTH 0269-4042 1573-2983 46 7 SCIE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES;PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH;WATER RESOURCES;ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL 2024 3.8 15.4 0.76 2025-05-07 2 2 Peloid; Natural peloid; Pelotherapy; Hupo basin; Seafloor sediment EAST SEA SEA; THERMAL-BEHAVIOR; BENTONITIC CLAY; SURFACE-CHARGE; STRIKE-SLIP; MUD; MIXTURES; EVOLUTION; WATER; BATH Hupo basin; Natural peloid; Peloid; Pelotherapy; Seafloor sediment Aluminum Silicates; Clay; Environmental Monitoring; Geologic Sediments; Minerals; Mud Therapy; Republic of Korea; South Korea; Biochemistry; Kaolinite; Mining; Physicochemical properties; Specific heat; aluminum silicate; mineral; Fine silt; Hupo basin; Natural peloid; Peloid; Peloids; Pelotherapy; Physicochemical property; Seafloor sediments; South Korea; Surface sediments; bioavailability; cation exchange capacity; chemical composition; chlorite; clay mineral; diatomite; drug; economic geology; efficiency measurement; health care; illite; kaolinite; marine sediment; mining; physicochemical property; thermal conductivity; chemistry; clay; environmental monitoring; mud therapy; procedures; sediment; South Korea; Sediments English 2024 2024-07 10.1007/s10653-024-02014-2 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article On-Demand Degradable and Acid-Generating Polymers Using Phenacyl Ester Derivatives UV-triggered degradation is an efficient method for disposing of polymers that are no longer usable or needed. Although various photolabile molecules have been employed to design photodegradable polymers, the potential of phenacyl ester derivatives, which liberate acidic molecules upon UV exposure, remains largely unexplored in polymer materials. Our study presents the UV-triggered degradation of polymers by utilizing phenacyl ester derivatives as monomers and cross-linkers. Through computational simulations and experiments, we investigate the regioisomeric and substitution effects of these derivatives on UV degradation kinetics. Notably, when incorporating these derivatives as repeating units in linear polymers, we observe accelerated UV degradation kinetics compared with small molecules. Throughout the degradation process, the photogenerated acids effectively initiate the deprotection of acetal protecting groups and the depolymerization of acid-sensitive polymers. Furthermore, we develop UV-degradable thermosetting resins based on phenacyl ester cross-linkers, serving as matrix materials for carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. By utilization of the UV-triggered degradation of the resin, CFs can be efficiently retrieved and recycled, offering a sustainable solution for CF recycling. This study opens a new avenue for designing waste-free plastics that can trigger specific chemical reactions upon degradation, contributing to a more environmentally friendly disposal of polymer waste. Yeon, Hyemi; Kumar, Ameet; Song, Juhwan; Lee, Juho; Wang, Se Jun; Kim, Sang Yup; Cho, Jinhan; Cho, Daeheum; Kim, Tae Ann Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Solut Electromagnet Interference Future Mobil Res, Seoul 02792, South Korea; Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 02841, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Chem, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Sogang Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Seoul 04107, South Korea; Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Soft Hybrid Mat Res Ctr, Seoul 02792, South Korea; Korea Univ Sci & Technol UST, KIST Sch, Div Energy & Environm Technol, Seoul 02792, South Korea Kim, Tae/C-9793-2016; Cho, Daeheum/D-9235-2018; Kim, Tae Ann/C-9793-2016 58880686600; 58364876900; 58553265600; 57220834120; 58881539800; 57192086481; 35094987500; 55263218400; 58542782500 daeheumc@knu.ac.kr;takim717@kist.re.kr; MACROMOLECULES MACROMOLECULES 0024-9297 1520-5835 57 6 SCIE POLYMER SCIENCE 2024 5.2 15.4 1.19 2025-05-07 5 5 PHOTOREMOVABLE PROTECTING GROUPS; RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION; REACTION-MECHANISMS; COMPOSITES; DEPOLYMERIZATION Carbon fiber reinforced plastics; Carbon fibers; Esters; Molecules; Plastic recycling; Polymer matrix composites; Resins; Waste disposal; Computational experiment; Computational simulation; Crosslinker; Degradation kinetics; On demands; Phenacyl ester derivatives; Polymer materials; Substitution effect; UV degradation; UV exposure; Degradation English 2024 2024-01-22 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c02136 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
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Keywords (SCOPUS) 저자가 논문에서 직접 지정한 키워드입니다. SCOPUS에 등록된 저자 키워드 목록입니다.
KeywordsPlus (SCOPUS) SCOPUS에서 자동으로 추출하거나 추가한 색인 키워드입니다.
Language 논문이 작성된 언어입니다. 대부분 English이며, 그 외 다양한 언어로 작성된 논문이 포함될 수 있습니다.
Publication Year 논문이 출판된 연도입니다.
Publication Date 논문의 정확한 출판 날짜입니다 (년-월-일 형식).
DOI Digital Object Identifier. 디지털 객체 식별자로, 논문을 고유하게 식별하는 영구적인 식별번호입니다. 이를 통해 논문의 온라인 위치를 찾을 수 있습니다.