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WoS SCOPUS Document Type Document Title Abstract Authors Affiliation ResearcherID (WoS) AuthorsID (SCOPUS) Author Email(s) Journal Name JCR Abbreviation ISSN eISSN Volume Issue WoS Edition WoS Category JCR Year IF JCR (%) FWCI FWCI Update Date WoS Citation SCOPUS Citation Keywords (WoS) KeywordsPlus (WoS) Keywords (SCOPUS) KeywordsPlus (SCOPUS) Language Publication Stage Publication Year Publication Date DOI JCR Link DOI Link WOS Link SCOPUS Link
Article mIoT: Metamorphic IoT Platform for On-Demand Hardware Replacement in Large-Scaled IoT Applications As the Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming more pervasive in our daily lives, the number of devices that connect to IoT edges and data generated at the edges are rapidly increasing. On account of the bottlenecks in servers, due to the increase in data, as well as security and privacy issues, the IoT paradigm has shifted from cloud computing to edge computing. Pursuant to this trend, embedded devices require complex computation capabilities. However, due to various constraints, edge devices cannot equip enough hardware to process data, so the flexibility of operation is reduced, because of the limitations of fixed hardware functions, relative to cloud computing. Recently, as application fields and collected data types diversify, and, in particular, applications requiring complex computation such as artificial intelligence (AI) and signal processing are applied to edges, flexible processing and computation capabilities based on hardware acceleration are required. In this paper, to meet these needs, we propose a new IoT platform, called a metamorphic IoT (mIoT) platform, which can various hardware acceleration with limited hardware platform resources, through on-demand transmission and reconfiguration of required hardware at edges instead of via transference of sensing data to a server. The proposed platform reconfigures the edge's hardware with minimal overhead, based on a probabilistic value, known as callability. The mIoT consists of reconfigurable edge devices based on RISC-V architecture and a server that manages the reconfiguration of edge devices based on callability. Through various experimental results, we confirmed that the callability-based mIoT platform can provide the hardware required by the edge device in real time. In addition, by performing various functions with small hardware, power consumption, which is a major constraint of IoT, can be reduced. Lee, Dongkyu; Moon, Hyeongyun; Oh, Sejong; Park, Daejin Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Nvidia Corp, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA 55698915100; 57206508978; 57217147592; 55463943600 dklee1215@knu.ac.kr;moonhg1209@gmail.com;Sejongo@nvidia.com;boltanut@knu.ac.kr; SENSORS SENSORS-BASEL 1424-8220 20 12 SCIE CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION 2020 3.576 21.1 1.44 2025-06-25 17 23 fault safe; reconfigurable hardware; RISC-V; Internet of Things (IoT); edge computing INTERNET; THINGS; CHALLENGES; INTEGRATION; EDGE Edge computing; Fault safe; Internet of Things (IoT); Reconfigurable hardware; RISC-V Cloud computing; Computer hardware; Reconfigurable architectures; Reduced instruction set computing; Signal processing; Application fields; Complex computation; Flexible processing; Hardware acceleration; Hardware functions; Hardware platform; Internet of thing (IOT); Security and privacy issues; Internet of things English 2020 2020-06 10.3390/s20123337 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Modeling and Design of a Rear-Mounted Underwater Projector Using Equivalent Circuits Tonpilz is a popular transducer for underwater projector arrays for sonar systems. For low-frequency transmission, a larger axial dimension of the conventional Tonpilz transducer is required. However, a bulky and heavy Tonpilz element is not suitable due to limitations in terms of the space and payload of the array platform. To address this problem, we developed a rear-mounted Tonpilz transducer to generate a sub-fundamental resonance in addition to the common longitudinal resonance. For this purpose, we developed a new equivalent circuit model that can reflect all the effects of the key design parameters of the transducer, such as suspension thickness (stiffness), tail mass thickness, and head mass thickness. The impedance and transmitting voltage response were evaluated as performance factors at both resonance frequencies. The validity of the circuit was verified by comparing the analysis results with those from the finite element analysis of the same transducer. Based on the results, the transducer structure was designed to have comparable transmitting performance at both resonance frequencies by employing relatively high suspension stiffness, light tail mass, and heavy head mass. The novel design can permit the dual-band operation of the transducer so that the transducer can operate as a wideband projector. Kim, Jinwook; Roh, Yongrae Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill & North Carolina, Joint Dept Biomed Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea Kim, Jinwook/L-3135-2015 55932101000; 7102361870 jinwookk@email.unc.edu;yryong@knu.ac.kr; SENSORS SENSORS-BASEL 1424-8220 20 24 SCIE CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION 2020 3.576 21.1 0.3 2025-06-25 4 4 Tonpilz projector; fixed tail mass; elastomer suspension; equivalent circuit; finite element analysis TRANSDUCER Elastomer suspension; Equivalent circuit; Finite element analysis; Fixed tail mass; Tonpilz projector Natural frequencies; Sonar; Stiffness; Suspensions (components); Timing circuits; Transducers; Ultrasonic transducers; Underwater acoustics; Equivalent circuit model; Fundamental resonance; Key design parameters; Low frequency transmissions; Resonance frequencies; Suspension stiffness; Transducer structure; Transmitting voltage response; Equivalent circuits English 2020 2020-12 10.3390/s20247085 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Modified Fixed Wall Oedometer When Considering Stress Dependence of Elastic Wave Velocities A modified oedometer cell for measuring the applied stresses and elastic waves at the top and bottom of the specimen is developed to evaluate the effect of the side friction on the stress dependence of the elastic wave velocities. In the modified cell, two load cells are installed at the top and bottom plates, respectively. To generate and detect the compressional and shear waves, a pair of piezo disk elements and a pair of bender elements are mounted at both the top and bottom plates. Experimental results show that the stresses measured at the bottom are smaller than those measured at the top during the loading and vice versa during unloading, regardless of the densities and heights of the specimens. Under nearly saturated conditions, the compressional wave velocities remain almost constant for the entire stress state. With plotting stresses measured at top, the shear wave velocities during unloading are greater than those during loading, whereas with plotting stresses measured at bottom, the shear wave velocities during unloading are smaller than those during loading owing to the side friction. The vertical effective stress may be simply determined from the average values of the stresses measured at the top and bottom of the specimens. Lee, Jong-Sub; Park, Geunwoo; Byun, Yong-Hoon; Lee, Changho Korea Univ, Sch Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Seoul 02841, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Agr Civil & Bioind Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Chonnam Natl Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Gwangju 61186, South Korea Byun, Yong-Hoon/JKI-8441-2023; Lee, Changho/V-2354-2017; Lee, Jong-Sub/G-2752-2012; LEE, CHANGHO/V-2354-2017 55690048400; 57216538003; 42761048000; 57203055996 jongsub@korea.ac.kr;pytann@korea.ac.kr;yhbyun@knu.ac.kr;changho@jnu.ac.kr; SENSORS SENSORS-BASEL 1424-8220 20 21 SCIE CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION 2020 3.576 21.1 0.48 2025-06-25 7 8 compressibility; elastic wave; side friction; stress dependence BENDER ELEMENTS; SAND; FABRICATION; RESISTANCE; DESIGN Compressibility; Elastic wave; Side friction; Stress dependence Friction; Shear waves; Soil mechanics; Unloading; Velocity; Bender elements; Compressional wave velocity; Effective stress; Elastic wave velocity; Modified oedometers; Saturated conditions; Shear wave velocity; Stress dependence; letter; stress; velocity; Shear flow English 2020 2020-11 10.3390/s20216291 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Multifunctional Smart Ball Sensor for Wireless Structural Health Monitoring in a Fire Situation A variety of sensor systems have been developed to monitor the structural health status of buildings and infrastructures. However, most sensor systems for structural health monitoring (SHM) are difficult to use in extreme conditions, such as a fire situation, because of their vulnerability to high temperature and physical shocks, as well as time-consuming installation process. Here, we present a smart ball sensor (SBS) that can be immediately installed on surfaces of structures, stably measure vital SHM data in real time and wirelessly transmit the data in a high-temperature fire situation. The smart ball sensor mainly consists of sensor and data transmission module, heat insulator and adhesive module. With the integrated device configuration, the SBS can be strongly attached to the target surface with maximum adhesion force of 233.7-N and stably detect acceleration and temperature of the structure without damaging the key modules of the systems even at high temperatures of up to 500 degrees C while ensuring wireless transmission of the data. Field tests for a model pre-engineered building (PEB) structure demonstrate the validity of the smart ball sensor as an instantly deployable, high-temperature SHM system. This SBS can be used for SHM of a wider variety of structures and buildings beyond PEB structures. Kim, Minsu; Hwang, Insol; Seong, Minho; Choi, Jaemook; Kim, Myunggun; Lee, Hee-Du; Shin, Kyung-Jae; Son, Hungsun; Sohn, Hoon; Choi, Junho; Jeong, Hoon Eui; Kwak, Moon Kyu Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol UNIST, Dept Mech Engn, Ulsan 44919, South Korea; Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol KAIST, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Daejeon 34141, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Architectural Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Pukyong Natl Univ, Dept Fire Protect Engn, Busan 48513, South Korea Kim, Myunggun/HSF-2680-2023; Sohn, Hoon/A-9406-2008; Kwak, Moon/AGQ-6058-2022 57212315616; 56344839000; 57193896851; 57188735286; 57192194672; 53865180300; 14039501000; 56346553800; 7201426396; 55532956500; 35490647000; 57203947984 kms1685@knu.ac.kr;ihwang@unist.ac.kr;sung710uio@gmail.com;cjmook@kaist.ac.kr;mgkim3070@unist.ac.kr;lhdza@knu.ac.kr;shin@knu.ac.kr;hson@unist.ac.kr;hoonsohn@kaist.ac.kr;jchoi@pknu.ac.kr;hoonejeong@unist.ac.kr;mkkwak@knu.ac.kr; SENSORS SENSORS-BASEL 1424-8220 20 15 SCIE CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION 2020 3.576 21.1 0.08 2025-06-25 0 1 fire-induced collapse; fire situation; pre-engineered building (PEB); smart ball sensor; structural health monitoring (SHM) FIBER-OPTIC SENSORS; PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE; STEEL; ND Fire situation; Fire-induced collapse; Pre-engineered building (PEB), smart ball sensor; Structural health monitoring (SHM) Adhesives; Transmissions; Adhesion forces; Extreme conditions; High temperature; Integrated device; Structural health; Structural health monitoring (SHM); Wireless structural health monitoring; Wireless transmissions; Structural health monitoring English 2020 2020-08 10.3390/s20154328 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Optical Interferometric Fringe Pattern-Incorporated Spectrum Calibration Technique for Enhanced Sensitivity of Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Depth-visualizing sensitivity can be degraded due to imperfect optical alignment and non-equidistant distribution of optical signals in the pixel array, which requires a measurement of the re-sampling process. To enhance this depth-visualizing sensitivity, reference and sample arm-channeled spectra corresponding to different depths using mirrors were obtained to calibrate the spectrum sampling prior to Fourier transformation. During the process, eight interferogram patterns corresponding to point spread function (PSF) signals at eight optical path length differences were acquired. To calibrate the spectrum, generated intensity points of the original interferogram were re-indexed towards a maximum intensity range, and these interferogram re-indexing points were employed to generate a new lookup table. The entire software-based process consists of eight consecutive steps. Experimental results revealed that the proposed method can achieve images with a high depth-visualizing sensitivity. Furthermore, the results validate the proposed method as a rapidly performable spectral calibration technique, and the real-time images acquired using our technique confirm the simplicity and applicability of the method to existing optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems. The sensitivity roll-off prior to the spectral calibration was measured as 28 dB and it was halved after the calibration process. Han, Sangyeob; Wijesinghe, Ruchire Eranga; Jeon, Deokmin; Han, Youngmin; Lee, Jaeyul; Lee, Junsoo; Jo, Hosung; Lee, Dong-Eun; Jeon, Mansik; Kim, Jeehyun Kyungpook Natl Univ, Coll IT Engn, Sch Elect Engn, 80 Daehak Ro, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungil Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Biomed Engn, 50 Gamasil Gil, Gyongsan 38428, Gyeongsangbuk D, South Korea; Kyungil Univ, Coll Smart Engn, Dept Autonomous Robot Engn, 50 Gamasil Gil, Gyongsan 38428, Gyeongsangbuk D, South Korea; Kyungil Univ, Dept Nucl Energy Convergence, 50 Gamasil Gil, Gyongsan 38428, Gyeongsangbuk D, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Architecture & Civil Engn, 80 Daehak Ro, Daegu 41566, South Korea Lee, Junsoo/IUO-9627-2023; Lee, Jung Bok/HHZ-3200-2022; Wijesinghe, Ruchire/K-3797-2016; Han, Sangyeob/W-3206-2018 57193695305; 56018152300; 57204570554; 57193700012; 57188689420; 57209986073; 57733335600; 56605563300; 24171094000; 7601373350 syhan850224@knu.ac.kr;eranga@kiu.kr;dmjeon@knu.ac.kr;anym@kiu.kr;jaeyul@knu.ac.kr;jslee5399@knu.ac.kr;ghtjd_419@naver.com;dolee@knu.ac.kr;msjeon@knu.ac.kr;jeehk@knu.ac.kr; SENSORS SENSORS-BASEL 1424-8220 20 7 SCIE CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION 2020 3.576 21.1 0.38 2025-06-25 7 7 optical coherence tomography (OCT); Point Spread Function (PSF); depth visualizing sensitivity; spectral calibration; SD-OCT IN-WAVE-NUMBER; HIGH-SPEED; ULTRAHIGH-RESOLUTION; OCT; SPECTROMETER; INSPECTION Depth visualizing sensitivity; Optical coherence tomography (OCT); Point Spread Function (PSF); SD-OCT; Spectral calibration Calibration; Coherent light; Fourier transforms; Interferometry; Optical transfer function; Real time systems; Table lookup; Tomography; Calibration process; Enhanced sensitivity; Fourier transformations; Interferometric fringes; Optical path lengths; Spectral calibration; Spectral domain optical coherence tomographies; Spectrum calibration; article; calibration; clinical article; human; point spread function; software; spectral domain optical coherence tomography; Optical tomography English 2020 2020-04 10.3390/s20072067 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Quantitative CT-based image registration metrics provide different ventilation and lung motion patterns in prone and supine positions in healthy subjects Background: Previous studies suggested that the prone position (PP) improves oxygenation and reduces mortality among patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, the mechanism of this clinical benefit of PP is not completely understood. The aim of the present study was to quantitatively compare regional characteristics of lung functions in the PP with those in the supine position (SP) using inspiratory and expiratory computed tomography (CT) scans. Methods: Ninety subjects with normal pulmonary function and inspiration and expiration CT images were included in the study. Thirty-four subjects were scanned in PP, and 56 subjects were scanned in SP. Non-rigid image registration-based inspiratory-expiratory image matching assessment was used for regional lung function analysis. Tissue fractions (TF) were computed based on the CT density and compared on a lobar basis. Three registration-derived functional variables, relative regional air volume change (RRAVC), volumetric expansion ratio (J), and three dimensional relative regional displacement (s*) were used to evaluate regional ventilation and deformation characteristics. Results: J was greater in PP than in SP in the right middle lobe (P = 0.025), and RRAVC was increased in the upper and right middle lobes (P < 0.001). The ratio of the TF on inspiratory and expiratory scans, J, and RRAVC at the upper lobes to those at the middle and lower lobes and that ratio at the upper and middle lobes to those at the lower lobes of were all near unity in PP, and significantly higher than those in SP (0.98-1.06 vs 0.61-0.94, P < 0.001). Conclusion: We visually and quantitatively observed that PP not only induced more uniform contributions of regional lung ventilation along the ventral-dorsal axis but also minimized the lobar differences of lung functions in comparison with SP. This may help in the clinician's search for an understanding of the benefits of the application of PP to the patients with ARDS or other gravitationally dependent pathologic lung diseases. Shin, Kyung Min; Choi, Jiwoong; Chae, Kum Ju; Jin, Gong Yong; Eskandari, Ali; Hoffman, Eric A.; Hall, Chase; Castro, Mario; Lee, Chang Hyun Kyungpook Natl Univ, Chilgok Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Daegu, South Korea; Univ Kansas, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Kansas City, KS USA; Univ Kansas, Dept Bioengn, Lawrence, KS USA; Jeonbuk Natl Univ, Jeonbuk Natl Univ Hosp, Biomed Res Inst, Dept Radiol,Res Inst Clin Med, Jeonju, South Korea; Univ Iowa, Dept Radiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA; Univ Iowa, Internal Med, Iowa City, IA USA; Univ Iowa, Biomed Engn, Iowa City, IA USA; Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Med, Inst Radiat Med, Dept Radiol,Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, 101 Daehak Ro, Seoul 03080, South Korea Lee, Chang-Hoon/AAC-7650-2021; Castro, Mario/ABD-7776-2021; Kim, Jong/J-2749-2012 7402410737; 55749525100; 57195310676; 55663719500; 57206778275; 58000586800; 57192987354; 7402292535; 57196253438 changhyun.lee@snu.ac.kr; RESPIRATORY RESEARCH RESP RES 1465-993X 21 1 SCIE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 2020 5.631 21.1 0.28 2025-06-25 9 8 Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); Prone positioning; Quantitative computed tomography (QCT); Lung motionography RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME; MECHANICAL VENTILATION; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; GAS-EXCHANGE; PERFUSION; EXPANSION; INJURY; VOLUME; OVERINFLATION; MORTALITY Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); Lung motionography; Prone positioning; Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) Adult; Aged; Female; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Lung; Male; Middle Aged; Prone Position; Pulmonary Ventilation; Respiratory Mechanics; Retrospective Studies; Supine Position; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; adult; Article; clinical article; controlled study; female; functional residual capacity; human; lung function; lung motion; lung ventilation; lung volume; male; multidetector computed tomography; prone position; quantitative analysis; relative regional air volume change; respiratory tract parameters; retrospective study; supine position; three dimensional relative regional displacement; three-dimensional imaging; tissue fraction; tissues; total lung capacity; volumetric expansion ratio; volumetry; aged; breathing mechanics; diagnostic imaging; lung; lung ventilation; middle aged; normal human; physiology; procedures; prone position; supine position; x-ray computed tomography English 2020 2020-10-02 10.1186/s12931-020-01519-5 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Quantitative CT-based structural alterations of segmental airways in cement dust-exposed subjects Background Dust exposure has been reported as a risk factor of pulmonary disease, leading to alterations of segmental airways and parenchymal lungs. This study aims to investigate alterations of quantitative computed tomography (QCT)-based airway structural and functional metrics due to cement-dust exposure. Methods To reduce confounding factors, subjects with normal spirometry without fibrosis, asthma and pneumonia histories were only selected, and a propensity score matching was applied to match age, sex, height, smoking status, and pack-years. Thus, from a larger data set (N = 609), only 41 cement dust-exposed subjects were compared with 164 non-cement dust-exposed subjects. QCT imaging metrics of airway hydraulic diameter (D-h), wall thickness (WT), and bifurcation angle (theta) were extracted at total lung capacity (TLC) and functional residual capacity (FRC), along with their deformation ratios between TLC and FRC. Results In TLC scan, dust-exposed subjects showed a decrease of D-h (airway narrowing) especially at lower-lobes (p < 0.05), an increase of WT (wall thickening) at all segmental airways (p < 0.05), and an alteration of theta at most of the central airways (p < 0.001) compared with non-dust-exposed subjects. Furthermore, dust-exposed subjects had smaller deformation ratios of WT at the segmental airways (p < 0.05) and theta at the right main bronchi and left main bronchi (p < 0.01), indicating airway stiffness. Conclusions Dust-exposed subjects with normal spirometry demonstrated airway narrowing at lower-lobes, wall thickening at all segmental airways, a different bifurcation angle at central airways, and a loss of airway wall elasticity at lower-lobes. The airway structural alterations may indicate different airway pathophysiology due to cement dusts. Kim, Taewoo; Cho, Hyun Bin; Kim, Woo Jin; Lee, Chang Hyun; Chae, Kum Ju; Choi, So-Hyun; Lee, Kyeong Eun; Bak, So Hyeon; Kwon, Sung Ok; Jin, Gong Yong; Choi, Jiwoong; Park, Eun-Kee; Lin, Ching-Long; Hoffman, Eric A.; Choi, Sanghun Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Daehak Ro 80, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kangwon Natl Univ, Kangwon Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Sch Med, Chunchon, South Korea; Kangwon Natl Univ, Kangwon Natl Univ Hosp, Environm Hlth Ctr, Sch Med, Chunchon, South Korea; Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Med, Dept Radiol, Seoul, South Korea; Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Radiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA; Chonbuk Natl Univ, Res Inst Clin Med, Dept Radiol, Biomed Res Inst,Chonbuk Natl Univ Hosp, Jeonju, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Stat, Daegu, South Korea; Univ Iowa, IIHR Hydrosci & Engn, Iowa City, IA USA; Kosin Univ, Coll Med, Dept Med Humanities & Social Med, Busan, South Korea ; Choi, Sanghun/AGS-7430-2022; Kim, Woo/A-8216-2019; Lee, Chang-Hoon/AAC-7650-2021 57192910015; 57210022122; 56560422500; 57196253438; 57195310676; 57217007802; 56041259000; 57192422019; 55548156100; 55663719500; 55749525100; 57216814178; 8923593300; 58000586800; 55847101000 s-choi@knu.ac.kr; RESPIRATORY RESEARCH RESP RES 1465-993X 21 1 SCIE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 2020 5.631 21.1 0.57 2025-06-25 13 12 Airway narrowing; Wall thickening; Bifurcation angle; Stiffness of airway structure; Percent emphysema RESOLUTION COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; LUNG-FUNCTION; EMPHYSEMA; QUANTIFICATION; ASSOCIATION; DEPOSITION; COPD Airway narrowing; Bifurcation angle; Percent emphysema; Stiffness of airway structure; Wall thickening Adult; Aged; Bronchi; Dust; Environmental Exposure; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Respiratory Function Tests; Retrospective Studies; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Total Lung Capacity; adult; aging; airway conductance; airway hydraulic diameter; airway wall thickness; anthropometric parameters; Article; bifurcation angle; body height; cement industry; cohort analysis; computer assisted tomography; controlled study; dust exposure; female; functional residual capacity; human; left main bronchus; lung lobe; main bronchus; male; middle aged; occupational exposure; pathophysiology; people by smoking status; respiratory function; respiratory tract disease; respirometry; right main bronchus; sex ratio; total lung capacity; adverse event; aged; bronchus; chronic obstructive lung disease; diagnostic imaging; dust; environmental exposure; lung function test; physiology; procedures; retrospective study; x-ray computed tomography English 2020 2020-05-29 10.1186/s12931-020-01399-9 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Review Review: Cantilever-Based Sensors for High Speed Atomic Force Microscopy This review critically summarizes the recent advances of the microcantilever-based force sensors for atomic force microscope (AFM) applications. They are one the most common mechanical spring-mass systems and are extremely sensitive to changes in the resonant frequency, thus finding numerous applications especially for molecular sensing. Specifically, we comment on the latest progress in research on the deflection detection systems, fabrication, coating and functionalization of the microcantilevers and their application as bio- and chemical sensors. A trend on the recent breakthroughs on the study of biological samples using high-speed atomic force microscope is also reported in this review. Alunda, Bernard Ouma; Lee, Yong Joong Taita Taveta Univ, Sch Mines & Engn, POB 635-80300, Voi, Kenya; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea 55354745500; 57183248500 benalunda10@gmail.com;yjlee76@knu.ac.kr; SENSORS SENSORS-BASEL 1424-8220 20 17 SCIE CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION 2020 3.576 21.1 0.97 2025-06-25 46 50 microcantilever; atomic force microscope; ultra-short cantilevers; high-speed atomic force microscope; biosensors BEAM DEFLECTION TECHNIQUE; RESONANT MICROCANTILEVERS; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; AFM; MODE; TIP; SPECTROSCOPY; CELLS; RESOLUTION; DYNAMICS Atomic force microscope; Biosensors; High-speed atomic force microscope; Microcantilever; Ultra-short cantilevers Chemical detection; Chemical sensors; Natural frequencies; Biological samples; Cantilever based sensors; Detection system; Functionalizations; Mass systems; Mechanical springs; Micro-cantilevers; Molecular sensing; Atomic force microscopy English 2020 2020-09 10.3390/s20174784 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Robust Intra-Body Communication Using SHA1-CRC Inversion-Based Protection and Error Correction for Securing Electronic Authentication The explosive increase in the number of IoT devices requires various types of communication methods. This paper presents secure personal authentication using electrostatic coupling Intra-body communication (IBC) based on frequency shift keying (FSK) and error correction. The proposed architecture uses GPIO for a transmitter and analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) for a receiver. We mplemented FSK modulation, demodulation, data protection, and error correction techniques in the MCU software without applying hardware devices. We used the characteristic that the carrier signal is 50% duty square wave for 1-bit error correction and applied a method of randomly inverting SHA1 hash data to protect user authentication data during transmission. The transmitter modulates binary data using a square wave as a carrier signal and transmits data through the human body. The receiver demodulates the signal using ADC and decrypts the demodulated binary data. To determine the carrier frequency from ADC results, we applied a zero-crossing algorithm which is used to detect edge characteristics in image processing. When calculating the threshold value within the zero-crossing algorithm, we implemented an adaptive threshold setting technique utilizing Otsu's binarization technique. We found that the size of the electrode pad does not affect the signal strength, but the distance between the electrode pad and the skin has a significant effect on the signal strength. Our results show that binary data modulated with a square wave can be successfully transmitted through the human body, and, when 1-bit error correction is applied, the byte error rate on the receiver side is improved around 3.5% compared to not applying it. Cho, Seongho; Park, Daejin Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; LG Display Co Ltd, Gumi 39394, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea 57219599413; 55463943600 rpoets@lgdisplay.com;boltanut@knu.ac.kr; SENSORS SENSORS-BASEL 1424-8220 20 21 SCIE CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION 2020 3.576 21.1 0.23 2025-06-25 2 4 intra-body communication; electrostatic coupling; error correction; securing electronic authentication; secure hash algorithm 1 TRANSCEIVER Electrostatic coupling; Error correction; Intra-body communication; Secure hash algorithm 1; Securing electronic authentication Analog to digital conversion; Digital to analog conversion; Edge detection; Electrodes; Error correction; Frequency shift keying; Image processing; Privacy by design; Signal receivers; Transmitters; Communication method; Correction techniques; Electronic authentication; Electrostatic coupling; Frequency shift keying(FSK); Intra-body communications; Personal authentication; Proposed architectures; Authentication English 2020 2020-11 10.3390/s20216056 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Scheduling Sensor Duty Cycling Based on Event Detection Using Bi-Directional Long Short-Term Memory and Reinforcement Learning A smart home provides a facilitated environment for the detection of human activity with appropriate Deep Learning algorithms to manipulate data collected from numerous sensors attached to various smart things in a smart home environment. Human activities comprise expected and unexpected behavior events; therefore, detecting these events consisting of mutual dependent activities poses a key challenge in the activities detection paradigm. Besides, the battery-powered sensor ubiquitously and extensively monitors activities, disputes, and sensor energy depletion. Therefore, to address these challenges, we propose an Energy and Event Aware-Sensor Duty Cycling scheme. The proposed model predicts the future expected event using the Bi-Directional Long-Short Term Memory model and allocates Predictive Sensors to the predicted event. To detect the unexpected events, the proposed model localizes a Monitor Sensor within a cluster of Hibernate Sensors using the Jaccard Similarity Index. Finally, we optimize the performance of our proposed scheme by employing the Q-Learning algorithm to track the missed or undetected events. The simulation is executed against the conventional Machine Learning algorithms for the sensor duty cycle, scheduling to reduce the sensor energy consumption and improve the activity detection accuracy. The experimental evaluation of our proposed scheme shows significant improvement in activity detection accuracy from 94.12% to 96.12%. Besides, the effective rotation of the Monitor Sensor significantly improves the energy consumption of each sensor with the entire network lifetime. Diyan, Muhammad; Khan, Murad; Silva, Nathali Bhagya; Han, Kijun Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Comp Sci & Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Univ Sri Jayewardenepura, Dept Comp Engn, Fac Engn, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka Khan, Turyalai/HPH-0061-2023; Silva, Bhagya/AAW-1014-2021; Diyan, Muhammad/AAM-5848-2021 26028317800; 56151971600; 57192304387; 7402963670 m.diyan@knu.ac.kr;mkhan@knu.ac.kr;nathalis@netopia.knu.ac.kr;kjhan@knu.ac.kr; SENSORS SENSORS-BASEL 1424-8220 20 19 SCIE CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION 2020 3.576 21.1 0.45 2025-06-25 11 11 smart homes; event detection; activity detection; deep learning; long-short term memory; sensor duty cycling HUMAN ACTIVITY RECOGNITION; ENERGY-CONSERVATION; SMART; NETWORKS; MANAGEMENT; PEOPLE; SYSTEM Activity detection; Deep learning; Event detection; Long short-term memory; Sensor duty cycling; Smart homes Algorithms; Computer Simulation; Deep Learning; Human Activities; Humans; Memory, Short-Term; Monitoring, Physiologic; Ambient intelligence; Automation; Brain; Deep learning; Energy utilization; Long short-term memory; Reinforcement learning; Scheduling; Activity detection; Conventional machines; Experimental evaluation; Q-learning algorithms; Scheduling sensors; Short term memory; Similarity indices; Unexpected events; algorithm; computer simulation; human; human activities; physiologic monitoring; short term memory; Learning algorithms English 2020 2020-10 10.3390/s20195498 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article SLUA-WSN: Secure and Lightweight Three-Factor-Based User Authentication Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are composed of multiple sensor nodes with limited storage, computation, power, and communication capabilities and are widely used in various fields such as banks, hospitals, institutes to national defense, research, and so on. However, useful services are susceptible to security threats because sensitive data in various fields are exchanged via a public channel. Thus, secure authentication protocols are indispensable to provide various services in WSN. In 2019, Mo and Chen presented a lightweight secure user authentication scheme in WSN. We discover that Mo and Chen's scheme suffers from various security flaws, such as session key exposure and masquerade attacks, and does not provide anonymity, untraceability, and mutual authentication. To resolve the security weaknesses of Mo and Chen's scheme, we propose a secure and lightweight three-factor-based user authentication protocol for WSN, called SLUA-WSN. The proposed SLUA-WSN can prevent security threats and ensure anonymity, untraceability, and mutual authentication. We analyze the security of SLUA-WSN through the informal and formal analysis, including Burrows-Abadi-Needham (BAN) logic, Real-or-Random (ROR) model, and Automated Verification of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) simulation. Moreover, we compare the performance of SLUA-WSN with some existing schemes. The proposed SLUA-WSN better ensures the security and efficiency than previous proposed scheme and is suitable for practical WSN applications. Yu, SungJin; Park, YoungHo Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea 57203974524; 56962990300 darkskiln@knu.ac.kr;parkyh@knu.ac.kr; SENSORS SENSORS-BASEL 1424-8220 20 15 SCIE CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION 2020 3.576 21.1 1.85 2025-06-25 33 41 wireless sensor networks; authentication; BAN logic; ROR model; AVISPA simulation KEY AGREEMENT SCHEME; MUTUAL AUTHENTICATION; INTERNET; EXCHANGE Authentication; AVISPA simulation; BAN logic; ROR model; Wireless sensor networks Authentication; Computation theory; Cryptography; Digital storage; Internet protocols; Molybdenum; Security systems; Sensor nodes; Automated verification; Communication capabilities; Internet security; Masquerade attacks; Mutual authentication; Secure authentications; User authentication protocols; User authentication scheme; Network security English 2020 2020-08 10.3390/s20154143 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Spectral Efficiency Augmentation in Uplink Massive MIMO Systems by Increasing Transmit Power and Uniform Linear Array Gain Improved Spectral Efficiency (SE) is a prominent feature of Massive Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output systems. These systems are prepared with antenna clusters at receiver(Rx)and transmitter(Tx). In this paper, we examined a massive MIMO system to increase SE in each cell that ultimately improves the area throughput of the system. We are aiming to find appropriate values of average cell-density (D), available bandwidth (B), and SE to maximize area throughput because it is the function of these parameters. Likewise, a SE augmentation model was developed to attain an increased transmit power and antenna array gain. The proposed model also considers the inter-user interference from neighboring cells along with incident angles of desired and interfering users. Moreover, simulation results validate the proposed model that is implementable in real-time scenarios by realizing maximum SE of 12.79 bits/s/Hz in Line of Sight (LoS) and 12.69 bits/s/Hz in Non-Line of Sight (NLoS) scenarios, respectively. The proposed results also substantiate the SE augmentation because it is a linear function of transmit power and array gain while using the Uniform Linear Array (ULA) configuration. The findings of this work ensure the efficient transmission of information in future networks. Arshad, Jehangir; Rehman, Abdul; Rehman, Ateeq Ur; Ullah, Rehmat; Hwang, Seong Oun COMSATS Univ Islamabad, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Hohai Univ, Coll Internet Things Engn, Changzhou 213022, Peoples R China; Gachon Univ, Coll IT Convergence, Dept Comp Engn, Seongnam 13120, South Korea Ullah, Rehmat/G-3430-2016; REHMAN, ATEEQ UR/AAI-6344-2020; Hwang, Seong Oun/AFN-1294-2022; Arshad, Jehangir/AAF-7718-2021; Rehman, Abdul/D-5630-2019 57115188200; 57200894071; 57210246601; 55226441800; 7404626583 jehangirarshad@cuilahore.edu.pk;a.rehman.knu@knu.ac.kr;ateeq@hhu.edu.cn;rehmatullah@gachon.ac.kr;sohwang@gachon.ac.kr; SENSORS SENSORS-BASEL 1424-8220 20 17 SCIE CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION 2020 3.576 21.1 1.29 2025-06-25 18 20 transmit power; line-of-site; non-line-of-site; channel gain; future networks; spectral efficiency; area throughput; uniform linear array; signal-to-noise ratio; signal-to-noise interference ratio; inter-cell interference PATCH ANTENNA-ARRAYS; ENERGY EFFICIENCY; REDUCTION Area throughput; Channel gain; Future networks; Inter-cell interference; Line-of-site; Non-line-of-site; Signal-to-noise interference ratio; Signal-to-noise ratio; Spectral efficiency; Transmit power; Uniform linear array Antenna arrays; Bandwidth; Efficiency; Available bandwidth; Inter-user interference; Linear functions; Multiple input and multiple output systems; Prominent features; Spectral efficiencies; Transmitters (Tx); Uniform linear arrays; MIMO systems English 2020 2020-09 10.3390/s20174982 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Towards Energy Efficient Home Automation: A Deep Learning Approach Home Automation Systems (HAS) attracted much attention during the last decade due to the developments in new wireless technologies, such as Bluetooth 4.0, 5G, WiFi 6, etc. In order to enable automation as a service in smart homes, a number of challenges must be addressed, such as fulfilling the electrical energy demands, scheduling the operational time of appliances, applying machine learning models in real-time, optimal human appliances interaction, etc. In order to address the aforementioned challenges and control the wastage of energy due to the lifestyle of the home users, we propose a system for automatically controlling the energy consumption by employing machine and deep learning techniques to smart home networks. The proposed system works in three phases, (1) feature extraction and classification based on 1-dimensional Deep Convolutional Neural Network (1D-DCNN) which extract important energy patterns from the historic energy data, (2) a load forecasting system based on Long-short Term Memory (LSTM) is proposed to forecast the load based on the extracted features in phase 1 and (3) a scheduling algorithm based on the forecasted data obtained from phase 2 is designed to schedule the operational time of smart home appliances. The proposed scheme efficiently automates the smart home appliances to consume less energy while adapting to the lifestyle of smart home users. The validation of the proposed scheme is tested with a number of simulation scenarios incorporating datasets from authentic data sources. The simulation results show that the proposed smart home automation system can be a game-changer in fulfilling the energy demands of the home users without installing renewable and other energy sources in the future. Khan, Murad; Seo, Junho; Kim, Dongkyun Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Comp Sci & Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea Khan, Turyalai/HPH-0061-2023 56151971600; 57208740581; 35753648800 mkhan@knu.ac.kr;junhoseo@knu.ac.kr;dongkyun@knu.ac.kr; SENSORS SENSORS-BASEL 1424-8220 20 24 SCIE CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION 2020 3.576 21.1 1.06 2025-06-25 14 22 smart homes; energy management; Internet of Things; machine learning DEMAND RESPONSE; SMART; OPTIMIZATION Energy management; Internet of Things; Machine learning; Smart homes 5G mobile communication systems; Ambient intelligence; Automation; Convolutional neural networks; Deep neural networks; Domestic appliances; Energy efficiency; Energy utilization; Enterprise resource planning; Home networks; Intelligent buildings; Learning systems; Long short-term memory; Personal communication systems; Real time systems; Wi-Fi; Electrical energy demand; Energy efficient homes; Feature extraction and classification; Home automation systems; Learning approach; Learning techniques; Machine learning models; Wireless technologies; article; automation; controlled study; convolutional neural network; deep learning; energy conservation; energy consumption; feature extraction; forecasting; human; human experiment; internet of things; lifestyle; short term memory; simulation; Deep learning English 2020 2020-12 10.3390/s20247187 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article A new tyrosine kinase inhibitor K905-0266 inhibits proliferation and sphere formation of glioblastoma cancer cells Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent malignant tumour of the central nervous system and carries a poor prognosis; average survival time after diagnosis is 14 months. Because of its unfavourable prognosis, novel therapies are needed. The aim of this study was to assess whether inhibition of GBM and GBM-derived cancer stem cells (CSCs) by a new tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), K905-0266, is possible. To do this, we generated GBM (D54 and U87MG) cells expressing luciferase and characterised the inhibitory effects of the TKI with bioluminescent imaging (BLI) and western blot (WB). The effect of the TKI was then evaluated in CSCs. BLI showed significant inhibition of D54 and U87MG cells by TKI treatment. WB showed that the TKI decreased pERK and Bcl-2 level and increased cleaved caspase-3 level. Sphere formation was significantly reduced by the TKI in CSCs. Our results showed that a new TKI, K905-0266, effectively inhibited GBM and CSCs, making this a candidate for GBM therapy. Kalimuthu, Senthilkumar; Gangadaran, Prakash; Oh, Ji Min; Rajendran, Ramya Lakshmi; Lee, Ho Won; Gopal, Arunnehru; Hong, Chae Moon; Jeon, Yong Hyun; Jeong, Shin Young; Lee, Sang-Woo; Lee, Jaetae; Ahn, Byeong-Cheol Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Nucl Med, Daegu, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Nucl Med, Daegu, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biomed Sci, BK21 Plus KNU Biomed Convergence Program, Daegu, South Korea; Daegu Gyeongbuk Med Innovat Fdn, Lab Anim Ctr, Daegu, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ Hosp, Leading Edge Res Ctr Drug Discovery & Dev Diabet, Daegu, South Korea Rajendran, Ramya/AAV-6338-2021; lee, sangwoo/KUD-1906-2024; Gangadaran, Prakash/AAV-3102-2021; Lee, Jaetae/AAR-3317-2021 54794141400; 54393130400; 57190370462; 57195318729; 35337240700; 57203278478; 37050876700; 16042453400; 36164032500; 57196249819; 7601451907; 7202791511 abc2000@knu.ac.kr; JOURNAL OF DRUG TARGETING J DRUG TARGET 1061-186X 1029-2330 28 9 SCIE PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY 2020 5.121 21.2 0.1 2025-06-25 4 2 Glioblastoma; tyrosine kinase inhibitor; cancer stem cells; sphere formation; bioluminescent imaging TUMOR STEM-CELLS; GROWTH; TEMOZOLOMIDE; APOPTOSIS; RAF-1; RAS bioluminescent imaging; cancer stem cells; Glioblastoma; sphere formation; tyrosine kinase inhibitor Brain Neoplasms; Caspase 3; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Glioblastoma; Humans; Luciferases; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; caspase 3; k 905 0266; luciferase; mitogen activated protein kinase; protein bcl 2; protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor; unclassified drug; caspase 3; luciferase; protein bcl 2; protein kinase inhibitor; Article; bioluminescence; cancer stem cell; cell proliferation; cytotoxicity; glioblastoma; glioblastoma cell line; human; human cell; luciferase assay; priority journal; protein cleavage; signal transduction; Western blotting; biosynthesis; brain tumor; drug effect; glioblastoma; tumor cell line English 2020 2020-10-20 10.1080/1061186x.2020.1745817 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Elastic exponential linear units for convolutional neural networks Kim, Daeho; Kim, Jinah; Kim, Jaeil Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Artificial Intelligence, 80 Daegu Ro, Daegu, South Korea; Korea Inst Ocean Sci & Technol, Marine Disaster Res Ctr, 385 Haeyang Ro, Busan, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Comp Sci & Engn, 80 Daehak Ro, Daegu, South Korea ; Kim, Dae-ho/AAY-7919-2020 57216887648; 55720345100; 57211615348 kdaeho27@gmail.com;jakim@kiost.ac.kr;jaeilkim@knu.ac.kr; NEUROCOMPUTING NEUROCOMPUTING 0925-2312 1872-8286 406 SCIE COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 2020 5.719 21.2 2 2025-06-25 43 51 NOISE Activation function; Convolutional neural network; Elastic Exponential Linear Unit (EELU); ELU; Gaussian noise; ReLU Chemical activation; Classification (of information); Convolution; Deep learning; Gaussian noise (electronic); Image classification; Image enhancement; Activation functions; Classification accuracy; Generalization performance; Learning models; Neuronal noise; Noise injection; Training sample; Zero gradients; article; comparative effectiveness; convolutional neural network; noise; Convolutional neural networks English 2020 2020-09-17 10.1016/j.neucom.2020.03.051 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
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