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| WoS | SCOPUS | Document Type | Document Title | Abstract | Authors | Affiliation | ResearcherID (WoS) | AuthorsID (SCOPUS) | Author Email(s) | Journal Name | JCR Abbreviation | ISSN | eISSN | Volume | Issue | WoS Edition | WoS Category | JCR Year | IF | JCR (%) | FWCI | FWCI Update Date | WoS Citation | SCOPUS Citation | Keywords (WoS) | KeywordsPlus (WoS) | Keywords (SCOPUS) | KeywordsPlus (SCOPUS) | Language | Publication Stage | Publication Year | Publication Date | DOI | JCR Link | DOI Link | WOS Link | SCOPUS Link |
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| ○ | ○ | Article | First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI. Testing the Black Hole Metric | Astrophysical black holes are expected to be described by the Kerr metric. This is the only stationary, vacuum, axisymmetric metric, without electromagnetic charge, that satisfies Einstein's equations and does not have pathologies outside of the event horizon. We present new constraints on potential deviations from the Kerr prediction based on 2017 EHT observations of Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*). We calibrate the relationship between the geometrically defined black hole shadow and the observed size of the ring-like images using a library that includes both Kerr and non-Kerr simulations. We use the exquisite prior constraints on the mass-to-distance ratio for Sgr A* to show that the observed image size is within similar to 10% of the Kerr predictions. We use these bounds to constrain metrics that are parametrically different from Kerr, as well as the charges of several known spacetimes. To consider alternatives to the presence of an event horizon, we explore the possibility that Sgr A* is a compact object with a surface that either absorbs and thermally reemits incident radiation or partially reflects it. Using the observed image size and the broadband spectrum of Sgr A*, we conclude that a thermal surface can be ruled out and a fully reflective one is unlikely. We compare our results to the broader landscape of gravitational tests. Together with the bounds found for stellar-mass black holes and the M87 black hole, our observations provide further support that the external spacetimes of all black holes are described by the Kerr metric, independent of their mass. | Akiyama, Kazunori; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walter; Algaba, Juan Carlos; Anantua, Richard; Asada, Keiichi; Azulay, Rebecca; Bach, Uwe; Baczko, Anne-Kathrin; Ball, David; Balokovic, Mislav; Barrett, John; Baubock, Michi; Benson, Bradford A.; Bintley, Dan; Blackburn, Lindy; Blundell, Raymond; Bouman, Katherine L.; Bower, Geoffrey C.; Boyce, Hope; Bremer, Michael; Brinkerink, Christiaan D.; Brissenden, Roger; Britzen, Silke; Broderick, Avery E.; Broguiere, Dominique; Bronzwaer, Thomas; Bustamante, Sandra; Byun, Do-Young; Carlstrom, John E.; Ceccobello, Chiara; Chael, Andrew; Chan, Chi-kwan; Chatterjee, Koushik; Chatterjee, Shami; Chen, Ming-Tang; Chen, Yongjun; Cheng, Xiaopeng; Cho, Ilje; Christian, Pierre; Conroy, Nicholas S.; Conway, John E.; Cordes, James M.; Crawford, Thomas M.; Crew, Geoffrey B.; Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro; Cui, Yuzhu; Davelaar, Jordy; De Laurentis, Mariafelicia; Deane, Roger; Dempsey, Jessica; Desvignes, Gregory; Dexter, Jason; Dhruv, Vedant; Doeleman, Sheperd S.; Dougal, Sean; Dzib, Sergio A.; Eatough, Ralph P.; Emami, Razieh; Falcke, Heino; Farah, Joseph; Fish, Vincent L.; Fomalont, Ed; Ford, H. Alyson; Fraga-Encinas, Raquel; Freeman, William T.; Friberg, Per; Fromm, Christian M.; Fuentes, Antonio; Galison, Peter; Gammie, Charles F.; Garcia, Roberto; Gentaz, Olivier; Georgiev, Boris; Goddi, Ciriaco; Gold, Roman; Gomez-Ruiz, Arturo, I; Gomez, Jose L.; Gu, Minfeng; Gurwell, Mark; Hada, Kazuhiro; Haggard, Daryl; Haworth, Kari; Hecht, Michael H.; Hesper, Ronald; Heumann, Dirk; Ho, Luis C.; Ho, Paul; Honma, Mareki; Huang, Chih-Wei L.; Huang, Lei; Hughes, David H.; Ikeda, Shiro; Impellizzeri, C. M. Violette; Inoue, Makoto; Issaoun, Sara; James, David J.; Jannuzi, Buell T.; Janssen, Michael; Jeter, Britton; Jiang, Wu; Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra; Johnson, Michael D.; Jorstad, Svetlana; Joshi, Abhishek, V; Jung, Taehyun; Karami, Mansour; Karuppusamy, Ramesh; Kawashima, Tomohisa; Keating, Garrett K.; Kettenis, Mark; Kim, Dong-Jin; Kim, Jae-Young; Kim, Jongsoo; Kim, Junhan; Kino, Motoki; Koay, Jun Yi; Kocherlakota, Prashant; Kofuji, Yutaro; Koch, Patrick M.; Koyama, Shoko; Kramer, Carsten; Kramer, Michael; Krichbaum, Thomas P.; Kuo, Cheng-Yu; La Bella, Noemi; Lauer, Tod R.; Lee, Daeyoung; Lee, Sang-Sung; Leung, Po Kin; Levis, Aviad; Li, Zhiyuan; Lico, Rocco; Lindahl, Greg; Lindqvist, Michael; Lisakov, Mikhail; Liu, Jun; Liu, Kuo; Liuzzo, Elisabetta; Lo, Wen-Ping; Lobanov, Andrei P.; Loinard, Laurent; Lonsdale, Colin J.; Lu, Ru-Sen; Mao, Jirong; Marchili, Nicola; Markoff, Sera; Marrone, Daniel P.; Marscher, Alan P.; Marti-Vidal, Ivan; Matsushita, Satoki; Matthews, Lynn D.; Medeiros, Lia; Menten, Karl M.; Michalik, Daniel; Mizuno, Izumi; Mizuno, Yosuke; Moran, James M.; Moriyama, Kotaro; Moscibrodzka, Monika; Muller, Cornelia; Mus, Alejandro; Musoke, Gibwa; Myserlis, Ioannis; Nadolski, Andrew; Nagai, Hiroshi; Nagar, Neil M.; Nakamura, Masanori; Narayan, Ramesh; Narayanan, Gopal; Natarajan, Iniyan; Nathanail, Antonios; Fuentes, Santiago Navarro; Neilsen, Joey; Neri, Roberto; Ni, Chunchong; Noutsos, Aristeidis; Nowak, Michael A.; Oh, Junghwan; Okino, Hiroki; Olivares, Hector; Ortiz-Leon, Gisela N.; Oyama, Tomoaki; Ozel, Feryal; Palumbo, Daniel C. M.; Paraschos, Georgios Filippos; Park, Jongho; Parsons, Harriet; Patel, Nimesh; Pen, Ue-Li; Pesce, Dominic W.; Pietu, Vincent; Plambeck, Richard; PopStefanija, Aleksandar; Porth, Oliver; Potzl, Felix M.; Prather, Ben; Preciado-Lopez, Jorge A.; Psaltis, Dimitrios; Pu, Hung-Yi; Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh; Rao, Ramprasad; Rawlings, Mark G.; Raymond, Alexander W.; Rezzolla, Luciano; Ricarte, Angelo; Ripperda, Bart; Roelofs, Freek; Rogers, Alan; Ros, Eduardo; Romero-Canizales, Cristina; Roshanineshat, Arash; Rottmann, Helge; Roy, Alan L.; Ruiz, Ignacio; Ruszczyk, Chet; Rygl, Kazi L. J.; Sanchez, Salvador; Sanchez-Arguelles, David; Sanchez-Portal, Miguel; Sasada, Mahito; Satapathy, Kaushik; Savolainen, Tuomas; Schloerb, F. Peter; Schonfeld, Jonathan; Schuster, Karl-Friedrich; Shao, Lijing; Shen, Zhiqiang; Small, Des; Sohn, Bong Won; SooHoo, Jason; Souccar, Kamal; Sun, He; Tazaki, Fumie; Tetarenko, Alexandra J.; Tiede, Paul; Tilanus, Remo P. 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Bard Coll, 30 Campus Rd, Annandale On Hudson, NY 12504 USA | Bach, Udo/F-3880-2012; Li, Juanjuan/J-3914-2017; Sanchez-Portal, Miguel/AAB-5014-2019; Sasada, Mahito/ABD-5766-2020; Myserlis, Ioannis/MCY-5944-2025; Sanchez, David/KIH-3142-2024; Mellon, Michael/C-3456-2016; Loinard, Laurent/MCX-8116-2025; Olivares Sanchez, Hector Raul/KWU-1646-2024; ho, paul/AAZ-5108-2020; Ros, Eduardo/B-1014-2015; Lobanov, Andrei/G-5891-2014; Wielgus, Maciek/JEF-6647-2023; Ikeda, Shiro/E-1736-2016; Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh/C-8628-2017; Baczko, Anne-Kathrin/AAW-2724-2020; Lee, Dae-Young/AAI-6981-2020; Johnson, Matthew/B-6276-2015; Kim, Junhan/LTZ-1683-2024; Bloch, Michael/O-7845-2017; 浅田圭一, Keiichi/ABC-2456-2020; Cheng, Xiaopeng/ABX-5356-2022; Ceccobello, Chiara/AAD-4283-2022; huang, lei/GQP-8739-2022; Moriyama, Kotaro/NGQ-8643-2025; Wong, George/AAL-1016-2021; Matsushita, Satoki/ABD-5562-2020; Algaba, Juan Carlos/AAB-4526-2022; Koay, Jun Yi/E-4952-2015; Lico, Rocco/L-8308-2019; Zhao, Guang-Yao/AAA-7324-2019; Chatterjee, Shami/AAE-8374-2022; Schuster, Karling/JMP-9441-2023; Koch, Patrick/AAV-3373-2021; Asada, Keiichi/ABC-2456-2020; li, zhiyuan/HGD-9581-2022; Cho, Ilje/LSL-5339-2024; Fuentes, Antonio/R-3900-2019; Zamorano, Jose/ABU-6635-2022; Torne, Pablo/MIP-4319-2025; Kramer, Michael/KLY-3270-2024; Pen, Ue-Li/AAX-6083-2021; Falcke, Heino/H-5262-2012; Kino, Motoki/LQK-9129-2024; Park, Jongho/JFB-2747-2023; Ho, Paul/AAZ-5108-2020; Rezzolla, Luciano/JPK-1036-2023; Cruz Osorio, Alejandro/GQQ-8823-2022; Kim, Jae-Young/IUO-6466-2023; Kawashima, Tomohisa/GYD-8953-2022; Bower, Geoffrey/ABC-8386-2020; Pesce, Dominic/AAX-6358-2021; Liu, Kuo/AAM-1431-2021; Turk, Matthew/GXV-9589-2022; Chen, Ming-Tang/ABC-7461-2020; Rao, Ramprasad/L-2115-2017; Koay, Jun/E-4952-2015; Barrett, John/K-8867-2014; nagar, neil/AAG-4543-2020; Lee, Sang-Sung/AFS-2722-2022; Cui, Yuzhu/MBG-4427-2025; Olivares, Hector/KWU-1646-2024; Shao, Lijing/GRO-6046-2022; Jorstad, Svetlana/AAM-3279-2021; ALBERDI, ANTONIO/H-6432-2015; 韓之強, Chih/AAZ-8498-2020; shuo, zhang/KGM-7804-2024; Goddi, Ciriaco/AAN-4033-2021; Azulay, Rebecca/U-2560-2017; Wagner, Jan/LTZ-8501-2024; Lisakov, Mikhail/JAX-3277-2023; Gold, Roman/AAX-5851-2021; Impellizzeri, Violette/JQW-3813-2023 | 55669706400; 7004247728; 6603338811; 25640916000; 34876318600; 7102181737; 55974067100; 8356678200; 57191172071; 57191854254; 55441118000; 57221919962; 55279774300; 43360904200; 6508166420; 35271380400; 7005148075; 36627851000; 7006319230; 56514949800; 55348923700; 55789158500; 6701852507; 6602806448; 7005699469; 12805385500; 55845982300; 57208321725; 57203026080; 35276941600; 50660994600; 55324722200; 36984595000; 56714950900; 35500782800; 57137032900; 55721215400; 57194012321; 57203071154; 36918061000; 57740566800; 7402605418; 7102087612; 55432044800; 6701566715; 36343331100; 57208319438; 57190763305; 57217298918; 55672037000; 7201652905; 6603366433; 7007145665; 57204917506; 6602389278; 57741208200; 36069153100; 26029120300; 36052830400; 7006807059; 57208317480; 6701500929; 7003593226; 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35357992400; 55328189400; 15822242200; 10339498400; 6701324987; 6602613149; 7004154914; 12040474800; 7201408992; 57211909247; 56940022200; 35248640700; 56417483100; 55439876600; 15070911300; 7402046134; 57208315428; 57203337908; 55906853300; 57218199060; 57193153580; 55917789200; 56790025000; 8633612000; 7003272026; 57223767933; 35504002700; 7005397816; 56712819200; 55969636900; 57740725900; 16553015400; 7102419670; 57208316263; 8590217600; 55603035800; 56318374100; 57208317089; 57190762698; 48561574100; 7202790050; 6701751772; 57208319833; 57224966143; 56953647500; 35096693300; 35479191600; 7005890052; 56514065800; 15521109400; 7004435256; 57208320592; 36237801500; 57211839957; 57208317879; 57208316658; 55355751300; 56021813700; 56678336600; 7403068909; 7004265198; 57194461089; 59814638100; 55837375900; 57193435506; 57113392000; 7402815984; 7102531000; 26666313200; 57190127327; 36816303500; 8791509900; 57208321142; 14012249000; 18435453100; 57196907740; 54389941800; 6602969503; 23986018200; 57344402000; 7003371610; 55663305800; 57192669640; 55952822800; 25652194300; 7403324447; 57208321653; 25628978700; 44561693800; 6602795601; 57192429990; 43361892500; 56658751100; 56657947900; 6701628482; 7007019201; 57190767230; 57204824800; 57208316147; 8559107900; 24077308500; 6602323834; 6603776865; 36057630500; 57220895149; 55236056100; 7004002583; 36613480200; 23487579300; 6603048295; 55262937300; 52164611300; 7004299975; 24833754300; 57189852229; 57208320165; 57207446777; 56721395200; 54384535700; 56221262400; 7402601128; 55347813900; 57203725419; 35185850600; 7004929291; 55767566800; 55478882500; 55877039000 | ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS | ASTROPHYS J LETT | 2041-8205 | 2041-8213 | 930 | 2 | SCIE | ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS | 2022 | 7.9 | 10.9 | 33.36 | 2025-06-25 | 511 | 403 | ADVECTION-DOMINATED ACCRETION; NEAR-INFRARED FLARES; RELATIVISTIC RADIATIVE POSTPROCESSOR; STRONG EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE; MONITORING STELLAR ORBITS; SYNTHETIC DATA GENERATION; STAR-FORMING REGIONS; NO-HAIR THEOREM; X-RAY FLARE; GALACTIC-CENTER | English | 2022 | 2022-05-01 | 10.3847/2041-8213/ac6756 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | |||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | H2S gas adsorption study using copper impregnated on KOH activated carbon from coffee residue for indoor air purification | Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can negatively affect human health in confined spaces at even very low concentration due to its strong toxicity. In this work, coffee residue was used to prepare the activated carbon, then was further developed into a copper-impregnated activated carbon filter (Cu/AC) for H2S adsorption. The carbonization temperature has a great influence on the texture characteristics of activated carbon. The optimal activated carbon (BET: 1422 m2/g, Vtotal: 0.655 cm3/g) was achieved at 450 degrees C carbonization and at 750 degrees C KOH-activation. Copper catalyst greatly altered the surface properties of activated carbon by producing a lot of functional groups. The Cu/AC filter showed good H2S adsorption performance (max adsorption capacity: 132.22 mg/g) as it can completely remove H2S with an initial concentration of 400 ppm in a 0.1 m3 chamber within 10 min. The adsorption capacity depended not only on BET surface area, but also on the metal catalyst (copper). In addition, functional groups produced by copper-impregnation also enhanced the adsorption performance and the rate of adsorption, especially oxygen-containing functional groups (eg. O-H and C-O). The isotherm studies showed that the adsorption of H2S on the Cu/AC filter obeyed the Langmuir model, while the adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. The adsorption mechanism is governed by initial film diffusion and subsequent intraparticle diffusion. Furthermore, the Cu/AC filter had excellent regeneration and reusability (still maintained >95% remove efficiency after 5 cycles). Finally, the current study suggested that coffee residue is good activated carbon precursor and can be used as an excellent adsorbent for H2S in confined spaces. | Wang, Shuang; Nam, Hoseok; Lee, Doyeon; Nam, Hyungseok | Korea Inst Energy Res, Greenhouse Gas Lab, Daejeon 34129, South Korea; Pukyong Natl Univ, Mech Engn, Pusan 48547, South Korea; Busan Dev Inst, Pusan 47210, South Korea; Hanbat Natl Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Daejeon 34158, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Daegu 41950, South Korea | Nam, Hyungseok/J-7458-2015; Nam, Hoseok/MTF-8047-2025 | 57216215741; 57198350465; 55881252900; 57190418228 | namhs219@knu.ac.kr; | JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING | J ENVIRON CHEM ENG | 2213-2929 | 2213-3437 | 10 | 6 | SCIE | ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL;ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL | 2022 | 7.7 | 10.9 | 2.58 | 2025-06-25 | 32 | 36 | Coffee residue; Activated carbon; Copper -impregnation; H 2 S adsorption; Isotherm and Kinetic | CHEMICAL ACTIVATION; GROUNDS; WASTE; VALORIZATION; LIQUIDS; CAPTURE | Activated carbon; Coffee residue; Copper-impregnation; H<sub>2</sub>S adsorption; Isotherm and Kinetic | Activated carbon; Air cleaners; Carbonization; Catalysts; Copper; Copper compounds; Gas adsorption; Impregnation; Potassium hydroxide; Reusability; Textures; AC filters; Adsorption capacities; Adsorption performance; Adsorption studies; Coffee residue; Confined space; Copper-impregnation; H2S adsorption; Indoor air; Isotherm and kinetic; Sulfur compounds | English | 2022 | 2022-12 | 10.1016/j.jece.2022.108797 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | |
| ○ | ○ | Article | Metal-organic framework (MOF-808) functionalized with ethyleneamines: Selective adsorbent to capture CO2 under low pressure | A Zr-based metal-organic framework (MOF), MOF-808, was functionalized with ethyleneamines such as tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), diethylenetriamine (DETA), and ethylenediamine (ED) to utilize the obtained MOFs in selective capture of CO2 from offgas under low pressure. The modification was done firstly in the liquid phase via an acid-base reaction (using mu-OH of the MOF), and TEPA was the most effective among the tested ethyleneamines because of the low basicity of the TEPA. MOF-808s functionalized with TEPA were very efficient in CO2 capture because of loaded primary and secondary amino groups. For example, one MOF-808, functionalized with an adequate quantity of TEPA, showed remarkable performances in CO2 adsorption with a very high ideal adsorption solution theory selectivity of 256 which is around 7 times that of the pristine MOF-808. Moreover, the modified MOF-808 adsorbed around 2.5 times CO2 that of the pristine M-808 at 15 kPa. The noticeable performance of the functionalized MOF-808 was explained with the loaded amino groups that are capable of a Lewis acid-base interaction with CO2 to form carbamates. This work will pave the way to modify a MOF, although without open metal sites, to introduce amino groups that will be very effective in selective capturing of CO2 from offgas. | Jun, Hyeok Joon; Yoo, Dong Kyu; Jhung, Sung Hwa | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Chem, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Green Nano Mat Res Ctr, Daegu 41566, South Korea | ; Jhung, Sung/AAO-6683-2021 | 57475155400; 57201339246; 6701659467 | sung@knu.ac.kr; | JOURNAL OF CO2 UTILIZATION | J CO2 UTIL | 2212-9820 | 2212-9839 | 58 | SCIE | CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY;ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL | 2022 | 7.7 | 10.9 | 5.74 | 2025-06-25 | 76 | 75 | Adsorption; CO2; Ethyleneamine; Metal-organic framework; MOF-808 | CARBON-DIOXIDE CAPTURE; POROUS MATERIALS; ADSORPTION | Adsorption; CO<sub>2</sub>; Ethyleneamine; Metal-organic framework; MOF-808 | Adsorption; Metal-Organic Frameworks; Metals; Organic polymers; Organometallics; Amino group; Ethyleneamines; Functionalized; Low pressures; Metal-organic framework-808; Metalorganic frameworks (MOFs); Off-gases; Performance; Tetraethylenepentamine; Carbon dioxide | English | 2022 | 2022-04 | 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.101932 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Millimeter Light Curves of Sagittarius A* Observed during the 2017 Event Horizon Telescope Campaign | The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observed the compact radio source, Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), in the Galactic Center on 2017 April 5-11 in the 1.3 mm wavelength band. At the same time, interferometric array data from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array and the Submillimeter Array were collected, providing Sgr A* light curves simultaneous with the EHT observations. These data sets, complementing the EHT very long baseline interferometry, are characterized by a cadence and signal-to-noise ratio previously unattainable for Sgr A* at millimeter wavelengths, and they allow for the investigation of source variability on timescales as short as a minute. While most of the light curves correspond to a low variability state of Sgr A*, the April 11 observations follow an X-ray flare and exhibit strongly enhanced variability. All of the light curves are consistent with a red-noise process, with a power spectral density (PSD) slope measured to be between -2 and -3 on timescales between 1 minute and several hours. Our results indicate a steepening of the PSD slope for timescales shorter than 0.3 hr. The spectral energy distribution is flat at 220 GHz, and there are no time lags between the 213 and 229 GHz frequency bands, suggesting low optical depth for the event horizon scale source. We characterize Sgr A*'s variability, highlighting the different behavior observed just after the X-ray flare, and use Gaussian process modeling to extract a decorrelation timescale and a PSD slope. We also investigate the systematic calibration uncertainties by analyzing data from independent data reduction pipelines. | Wielgus, Maciek; Marchili, Nicola; Marti-Vidal, Ivan; Keating, Garrett K.; Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh; Tiede, Paul; Fomalont, Ed; Issaoun, Sara; Neilsen, Joey; Nowak, Michael A.; Blackburn, Lindy; Gammie, Charles F.; Goddi, Ciriaco; Haggard, Daryl; Lee, Daeyoung; Moscibrodzka, Monika; Tetarenko, Alexandra J.; Bower, Geoffrey C.; Chan, Chi-kwan; Chatterjee, Koushik; Chesler, Paul M.; Dexter, Jason; Doeleman, Sheperd S.; Georgiev, Boris; Gurwell, Mark; Johnson, Michael D.; Marrone, Daniel P.; Mus, Alejandro; Psaltis, Dimitrios; Ripperda, Bart; Witzel, Gunther; Akiyama, Kazunori; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walter; Algaba, Juan Carlos; Anantua, Richard; Asada, Keiichi; Azulay, Rebecca; Bach, Uwe; Baczko, Anne-Kathrin; Ball, David; Balokovic, Mislav; Barrett, John; Baubock, Michi; Benson, Bradford A.; Bintley, Dan; Blundell, Raymond; Boland, Wilfred; Bouman, Katherine L.; Boyce, Hope; Bremer, Michael; Brinkerink, Christiaan D.; Brissenden, Roger; Britzen, Silke; Broderick, Avery E.; Broguiere, Dominique; Bronzwaer, Thomas; Bustamante, Sandra; Byun, Do-Young; Carlstrom, John E.; Ceccobello, Chiara; Chael, Andrew; Chatterjee, Shami; Chen, Ming-Tang; Chen, Yongjun; Cho, Ilje; Christian, Pierre; Conroy, Nicholas S.; Conway, John E.; Cordes, James M.; Crawford, Thomas M.; Crew, Geoffrey B.; Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro; Cui, Yuzhu; Davelaar, Jordy; De Laurentis, Mariafelicia; Deane, Roger; Dempsey, Jessica; Desvignes, Gregory; Dhruv, Vedant; Dzib, Sergio A.; Eatough, Ralph P.; Emami, Razieh; Falcke, Heino; Farah, Joseph; Fish, Vincent L.; Ford, H. Alyson; Fraga-Encinas, Raquel; Freeman, William T.; Friberg, Per; Fromm, Christian M.; Fuentes, Antonio; Galison, Peter; Garcia, Roberto; Gentaz, Olivier; Gold, Roman; Gomez-Ruiz, Arturo, I; Gomez, Jose L.; Gu, Minfeng; Hada, Kazuhiro; Haworth, Kari; Hecht, Michael H.; Hesper, Ronald; Ho, Luis C.; Ho, Paul; Honma, Mareki; Huang, Chih-Wei L.; Huang, Lei; Hughes, David H.; Ikeda, Shiro; Impellizzeri, C. M. Violette; Inoue, Makoto; James, David J.; Jannuzi, Buell T.; Janssen, Michael; Jeter, Britton; Jiang, Wu; Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra; Jorstad, Svetlana; Joshi, Abhishek, V; Jung, Taehyun; Karami, Mansour; Karuppusamy, Ramesh; Kawashima, Tomohisa; Kettenis, Mark; Kim, Dong-Jin; Kim, Jae-Young; Kim, Jongsoo; Kim, Junhan; Kino, Motoki; Koay, Jun Yi; Kocherlakota, Prashant; Kofuji, Yutaro; Koch, Patrick M.; Koyama, Shoko; Kramer, Carsten; Kramer, Michael; Krichbaum, Thomas P.; Kuo, Cheng-Yu; La Bella, Noemi; Lauer, Tod R.; Lee, Sang-Sung; Leung, Po Kin; Levis, Aviad; Li, Zhiyuan; Lico, Rocco; Lindahl, Greg; Lindqvist, Michael; Lisakov, Mikhail; Liu, Jun; Liu, Kuo; Liuzzo, Elisabetta; Lo, Wen-Ping; Lobanov, Andrei P.; Loinard, Laurent; Lonsdale, Colin; Lu, Ru-Sen; Mao, Jirong; Markoff, Sera; Marscher, Alan P.; Matsushita, Satoki; Matthews, Lynn D.; Medeiros, Lia; Menten, Karl M.; Michalik, Daniel; Mizuno, Izumi; Mizuno, Yosuke; Moran, James M.; Moriyama, Kotaro; Mueller, Cornelia; Musoke, Gibwa; Myserlis, Ioannis; Nadolski, Andrew; Nagai, Hiroshi; Nagar, Neil M.; Nakamura, Masanori; Narayan, Ramesh; Narayanan, Gopal; Natarajan, Iniyan; Nathanail, Antonios; Fuentes, Santiago Navarro; Neri, Roberto; Ni, Chunchong; Noutsos, Aristeidis; Oh, Junghwan; Okino, Hiroki; Olivares, Hector; Ortiz-Leon, Gisela N.; Oyama, Tomoaki; Ozel, Feryal; Palumbo, Daniel C. M.; Paraschos, Georgios Filippos; Park, Jongho; Parsons, Harriet; Patel, Nimesh; Pen, Ue-Li; Pesce, Dominic W.; Pietu, Vincent; Plambeck, Richard; PopStefanija, Aleksandar; Porth, Oliver; Potzl, Felix M.; Prather, Ben; Preciado-Lopez, Jorge A.; Pu, Hung-Yi; Rao, Ramprasad; Rawlings, Mark G.; Raymond, Alexander W.; Rezzolla, Luciano; Ricarte, Angelo; Roelofs, Freek; Rogers, Alan; Ros, Eduardo; Romero-Canizales, Cristina; Roshanineshat, Arash; Rottmann, Helge; Roy, Alan L.; Ruiz, Ignacio; Ruszczyk, Chet; Rygl, Kazi L. J.; Sanchez, Salvador; Sanchez-Arguelles, David; Sanchez-Portal, Miguel; Sasada, Mahito; Satapathy, Kaushik; Savolainen, Tuomas; Schloerb, F. Peter; Schuster, Karl-Friedrich; Shao, Lijing; Shen, Zhiqiang; Small, Des; Sohn, Bong Won; SooHoo, Jason; Souccar, Kamal; Sun, He; Tazaki, Fumie; Tilanus, Remo P. J.; Titus, Michael; Torne, Pablo; Traianou, Efthalia; Trent, Tyler; Trippe, Sascha; van Bemmel, Ilse; van Langevelde, Huib Jan; van Rossum, Daniel R.; Vos, Jesse; Wagner, Jan; Ward-Thompson, Derek; Wardle, John; Weintroub, Jonathan; Wex, Norbert; Wharton, Robert; Wiik, Kaj; Wondrak, Michael F.; Wong, George N.; Wu, Qingwen; Yamaguchi, Paul; Yoon, Doosoo; Young, Andre; Young, Ken; Younsi, Ziri; Yuan, Feng; Yuan, Ye-Fei; Zensus, J. Anton; Zhang, Shuo; Zhao, Guang-Yao; Zhao, Shan-Shan | Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; INAF Ist Radioastron, Italian ALMA Reg Ctr, Via P Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy; Univ Valencia, Dept Astron & Astrofis, C Dr Moliner 50, E-46100 Valencia, Spain; Univ Valencia, Observ Astron, C Catedrat Jose Beltran 2, E-46980 Valencia, Spain; Harvard & Smithsonian, Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA; Univ Concepcion, Astron Dept, Casilla 160-C, Concepcion, Chile; Univ Turku, ESO, Finnish Ctr Astron, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, Metsahovintie 114, FI-02540 Kylmala, Finland; Harvard Univ, Black Hole Initiat, 20 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA; Natl Radio Astron Observ, 520 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA; Villanova Univ, Mendel Sci Ctr, Rm 263B,800 E Lancaster Ave, Villanova, PA 19085 USA; Washington Univ, Phys Dept, CB 1105, St Louis, MO 63130 USA; Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 West Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA; Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, 1002 West Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA; Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Fis, SP Monserrato Sestu Km 0-7, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy; INAF Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, Via Sci 5, I-09047 Selargius, CA, Italy; McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Rue Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada; McGill Univ, McGill Space Inst, 3550 Rue Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2A7, Canada; Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Math Astrophys & Particle Phys IMAPP, Dept Astrophys, POB 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands; Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA; Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, 645 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA; Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Phys & Astron, 2505 Correa Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA; Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA; Univ Arizona, Dept Astron, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA; Univ Arizona, Data Sci Inst, 1230 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA; Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA; Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA; Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, 200 Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; Univ Waterloo, Waterloo Ctr Astrophys, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, 31 Caroline St North, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada; Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA; Flatiron Inst, Ctr Computat Astrophys, 162 Fifth Ave, New York, NY 10010 USA; MIT, Haystack Observ, 99 Millstone Rd, Westford, MA 01886 USA; Natl Astron Observ Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan; CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Glorieta Astron S-N, E-18008 Granada, Spain; Univ Malaya, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Phys & Astron, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA; Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, 11F Astron Math Bldg,AS NTU 1,Sec 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Yale Univ, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, 52 Hillhouse Ave, New Haven, CT 06511 USA; Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, MS 60510 USA; Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA; East Asian Observ, 660 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA; James Clerk Maxwell Telescope JCMT, 660 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA; Nederlandse Onderzoeksch Astron NOVA, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands; CALTECH, 1200 East Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA; Inst Radioastron Millimetr, 300 Rue Piscine, F-38406 St Martin Dheres, France; Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA; Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Daedeok Daero 776, Daejeon 34055, South Korea; Univ Sci & Technol, Gajeong Ro 217, Daejeon 34113, South Korea; Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, 5640 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA; Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, 5720 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA; Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, 5640 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA; Chalmers Univ Technol, Dept Space Earth & Environm, Onsala Space Observ, SE-43992 Onsala, Sweden; Princeton Univ, Princeton Ctr Theoret Sci, Jadwin Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA; Cornell Univ, Cornell Ctr Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA; Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Astron Observ, 80 Nandan Rd, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China; Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Radio Astron, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China; Fairfield Univ, Phys Dept, 1073 North Benson Rd, Fairfield, CT 06824 USA; Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, Max von Laue Str 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany; Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Tsung Dao Lee Inst, Shengrong Rd 520, Shanghai 201210, Peoples R China; Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mizusawa VLBI Observ, 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Oshu, Iwate 0230861, Japan; Grad Univ Adv Studies SOKENDAI, Dept Astron Sci, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan; Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, 550 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA; Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 550 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA; Univ Napoli Federico II, Compl Univ Monte S Angelo, Dipartimento Fis E Pancini, Edificio G,Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy; Compl Univ Monte S Angelo, Sez Napoli, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Edificio G,Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy; Univ Witwatersrand, Wits Ctr Astrophys, 1 Jan Smuts Ave, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa; Univ Pretoria, Dept Phys, ZA-0028 Pretoria, South Africa; Rhodes Univ, Ctr Radio Astron Tech & Technol, Dept Phys & Elect, ZA-6140 Makhanda, South Africa; ASTRON, Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, NL-7991 PD Dwingeloo, Netherlands; Univ Paris, Sorbonne Univ, Observ Paris, Univ PSL,CNRS,LESIA, 5 Pl Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France; Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, 20A Datun Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China; Cumbres Observ, 6740 Cortona Dr,Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117 USA; Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA; MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, 32-D476,77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA; Google Res, 355 Main St, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA; Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, Emil Fischer Str 31, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany; Harvard Univ, Dept Hist Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA; Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA; Univ Southern Denmark, CP3 Origins, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark; Inst Nacl Astrofis Opt & Electr, Apartado Postal 51 & 216, Puebla 72000, Pue, Mexico; Consejo Nacl Ciencia & Technol, Av Insurgentes Sur 1582, Ciudad De Mexico 03940, Mexico; Inst Astrofis Andalucia CiSIC, Glorieta Astron S-N, E-18008 Granada, Spain; Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Res Galaxies & Cosmol, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China; Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, NOVA Sub Mm Instrumentat Grp, Landleven 12, NL-9747 AD Groningen, Netherlands; Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Dept Astron, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China; Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China; Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan; Inst Stat Math, 10-3 Midori Cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 1908562, Japan; Grad Univ Adv Studies SOKENDAI, Dept Stat Sci, 10-3 Midori Cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 1908562, Japan; Univ Tokyo, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan; Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, Postbus 2300, NL-9513 RA Leiden, Netherlands; ASTRAVEO LLC, POB 1668, Gloucester, MA 01931 USA; Boston Univ, Inst Astrophys Res, 725 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA; Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan; Joint Inst VLBI ERIC JIVE, Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, NL-7991 PD Dwingeloo, Netherlands; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Astron & Atmospher Sci, Daegu 702701, South Korea; Kogakuin Univ Technol & Engn, Acad Support Ctr, 2665-1 Nakano, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920015, Japan; Niigata Univ, Nishi Ku, 8050 Ikarashi Nino Cho, Niigata 9502181, Japan; Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Phys Dept, 70 Lien Hai Rd, Kaosiung City 80424, Taiwan; Natl Opt Astron Observ, 950 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA; Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China; Nanjing Univ, Sch Astron & Space Sci, Nanjing 210023, Peoples R China; Nanjing Univ, Key Lab Modern Astron & Astrophys, Nanjing 210023, Peoples R China; INAF Ist Radioastron, Via P Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy; Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, 1,Sect 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico; Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Cdmx 04510, Mexico; Chinese Acad Sci, Yunnan Observ, Kunming 650011, Yunnan, Peoples R China; Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Astron Megasci, 20A Datun Rd, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China; Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Struct & Evolut Celestial Objects, Kunming 650011, Yunnan, Peoples R China; Univ Amsterdam, Anton Pannekoek Inst Astron, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands; Univ Amsterdam, Gravitat & Astroparticle Phys Amsterdam GRAPPA In, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands; Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, 1 Einstein Dr, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA; European Space Res & Technol Ctr ESA ESTEC, Directorate Sci, Sci Support Off, Keplerlaan 1, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands; Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China; IRAM, Inst Radioastron Millimetr, Ave Divina Pastora 7,Local 20, E-18012 Granada, Spain; Hachinohe Coll, Natl Inst Technol, 16-1 Uwanotai, Hachinohe, Aomori 0391192, Japan; South African Radio Astron Observ, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa; Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Dept Phys, GR-15783 Zografos, Greece; Sejong Univ, 209 Neungdong Ro, Seoul, South Korea; Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Apdo Postal 70-264, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico; Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada; Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada; Canadian Inst Adv Res, 180 Dundas St W, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada; Univ Calif Berkeley, Radio Astron Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; Univ Coll Cork, Dept Phys, Kane Bldg,Coll Rd, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland; Natl Taiwan Normal Univ, Dept Phys, 88,Sec 4,Tingzhou Rd, Taipei 116, Taiwan; Natl Taiwan Normal Univ, Ctr Astron & Gravitat, 88,Sec 4,Tingzhou Rd, Taipei 116, Taiwan; Gemini Observ, 670 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA; Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies, Ruth Moufang Str 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany; Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Math, Dublin 2, Ireland; Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan; Aalto Univ, Dept Elect & Nanoengn, PL 15500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland; Yonsei Univ, Dept Astron, Yonsei Ro 50, Seoul 03722, South Korea; Netherlands Org Sci Res NWO, Postbus 93138, NL-2509 AC The Hague, Netherlands; Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA; Univ Cent Lancashire, Jeremiah Horrocks Inst, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancs, England; Brandeis Univ, Phys Dept, 415 South St, Waltham, MA 02453 USA; Univ Turku, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuorla Observ, Turku, Finland; Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Princeton Univ, Princeton Grav Initiat, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA; Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Phys, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China; Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, RH5 6, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England; Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Sch Astron & Space Sci, 19A Yuquan Rd, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China; Univ Sci & Technol China, Astron Dept, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China; Bard Coll, 30 Campus Rd, Annandale On Hudson, NY 12504 USA | ; Gold, Roman/AAX-5851-2021; Matsushita, Satoki/ABD-5562-2020; Cui, Yuzhu/MBG-4427-2025; Pesce, Dominic/AAX-6358-2021; Wielgus, Maciek/JEF-6647-2023; Ceccobello, Chiara/AAD-4283-2022; Ho, Paul/AAZ-5108-2020; Goddi, Ciriaco/AAN-4033-2021; Sasada, Mahito/ABD-5766-2020; Kawashima, Tomohisa/GYD-8953-2022; Rao, Ramprasad/L-2115-2017; Azulay, Rebecca/U-2560-2017; Shao, Lijing/GRO-6046-2022; ho, paul/AAZ-5108-2020; huang, lei/GQP-8739-2022; Lobanov, Andrei/G-5891-2014; Impellizzeri, Violette/JQW-3813-2023; Bach, Udo/F-3880-2012; Cruz Osorio, Alejandro/GQQ-8823-2022; Koay, Jun Yi/E-4952-2015; Olivares, Hector/KWU-1646-2024; Lee, Sang-Sung/AFS-2722-2022; Ros, Eduardo/B-1014-2015; Li, Juanjuan/J-3914-2017; Bloch, Michael/O-7845-2017; Cho, Ilje/LSL-5339-2024; Zhao, Guang-Yao/AAA-7324-2019; Liu, Kuo/AAM-1431-2021; Lico, Rocco/L-8308-2019; Algaba, Juan Carlos/AAB-4526-2022; Johnson, Matthew/B-6276-2015; Asada, Keiichi/ABC-2456-2020; Lisakov, Mikhail/M-6034-2013; Chen, Ming-Tang/ABC-7461-2020; 浅田圭一, Keiichi/ABC-2456-2020; Sanchez-Portal, Miguel/AAB-5014-2019; Falcke, Heino/H-5262-2012; Fuentes, Antonio/R-3900-2019; Baczko, Anne-Kathrin/AAW-2724-2020; nagar, neil/AAG-4543-2020; Myserlis, Ioannis/MCY-5944-2025; Moriyama, Kotaro/NGQ-8643-2025; Koch, Patrick/AAV-3373-2021; Kim, Jae-Young/IUO-6466-2023; Koay, Jun/E-4952-2015; Zamorano, Jose/ABU-6635-2022; Barrett, John/K-8867-2014; Mellon, Michael/C-3456-2016; Kramer, Michael/KLY-3270-2024; Kim, Junhan/LTZ-1683-2024; Pen, Ue-Li/AAX-6083-2021; Lee, Dae-Young/AAI-6981-2020; shuo, zhang/KGM-7804-2024; 韓之強, Chih/AAZ-8498-2020; Chatterjee, Shami/AAE-8374-2022; Torne, Pablo/MIP-4319-2025; li, zhiyuan/HGD-9581-2022; Rezzolla, Luciano/JPK-1036-2023; Ikeda, Shiro/E-1736-2016; Sanchez, David/KIH-3142-2024; Bower, Geoffrey/ABC-8386-2020; Wagner, Jan/LTZ-8501-2024; Jorstad, Svetlana/AAM-3279-2021; Wong, George/AAL-1016-2021; Schuster, Karling/JMP-9441-2023; Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh/C-8628-2017; Park, Jongho/JFB-2747-2023; Loinard, Laurent/MCX-8116-2025; Lisakov, Mikhail/JAX-3277-2023; Olivares Sanchez, Hector Raul/KWU-1646-2024; Kino, Motoki/LQK-9129-2024 | 52164611300; 10339498400; 12040474800; 28367776800; 56678336600; 56657947900; 7003593226; 57190760991; 16553015400; 55603035800; 35271380400; 7003953073; 55901353600; 58370708300; 57221043024; 57203337908; 56658751100; 7006319230; 36984595000; 56714950900; 15764750300; 7007145665; 6602389278; 57208321607; 6602556944; 57213466094; 6602613149; 57218199060; 55355751300; 57193435506; 24833754300; 55669706400; 7004247728; 6603338811; 25640916000; 34876318600; 7102181737; 55974067100; 8356678200; 57191172071; 57191854254; 55441118000; 57221919962; 55279774300; 43360904200; 6508166420; 7005148075; 28067544400; 36627851000; 56514949800; 55348923700; 55789158500; 6701852507; 6602806448; 7005699469; 12805385500; 55845982300; 57208321725; 57203026080; 35276941600; 50660994600; 55324722200; 35500782800; 57137032900; 55721215400; 57203071154; 36918061000; 57740566800; 7402605418; 7102087612; 55432044800; 6701566715; 36343331100; 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57203320360; 7101957568; 6603796954; 35357992400; 55328189400; 15822242200; 6701324987; 7004154914; 7201408992; 57211909247; 56940022200; 35248640700; 56417483100; 55439876600; 15070911300; 7402046134; 57208315428; 55906853300; 57193153580; 55917789200; 56790025000; 8633612000; 7003272026; 57223767933; 35504002700; 7005397816; 56712819200; 55969636900; 57740725900; 7102419670; 57208316263; 8590217600; 56318374100; 57208317089; 57190762698; 48561574100; 7202790050; 6701751772; 57208319833; 57224966143; 56953647500; 35096693300; 35479191600; 7005890052; 56514065800; 15521109400; 7004435256; 57208320592; 36237801500; 57211839957; 57208317879; 57208316658; 56021813700; 7403068909; 7004265198; 57194461089; 59814638100; 55837375900; 57113392000; 7402815984; 7102531000; 26666313200; 57190127327; 36816303500; 8791509900; 57208321142; 14012249000; 18435453100; 57196907740; 54389941800; 6602969503; 23986018200; 57344402000; 7003371610; 55663305800; 55952822800; 25652194300; 7403324447; 57208321653; 25628978700; 44561693800; 6602795601; 57192429990; 43361892500; 6701628482; 7007019201; 57190767230; 57204824800; 57208316147; 8559107900; 6602323834; 6603776865; 36057630500; 57220895149; 55236056100; 7004002583; 36613480200; 23487579300; 6603048295; 55262937300; 7004299975; 57189852229; 57208320165; 57207446777; 56721395200; 54384535700; 56221262400; 57203725419; 7402601128; 55347813900; 35185850600; 7004929291; 55767566800; 55478882500; 55877039000 | maciek.wielgus@gmail.com; | ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS | ASTROPHYS J LETT | 2041-8205 | 2041-8213 | 930 | 2 | SCIE | ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS | 2022 | 7.9 | 10.9 | 7.04 | 2025-06-25 | 85 | 87 | SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; MONITORING STELLAR ORBITS; X-RAY FLARES; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; OPTICAL VARIABILITY; ACCRETION FLOW; FLUX-DENSITY; RESULTS. VI.; XMM-NEWTON; RADIO | English | 2022 | 2022-05-01 | 10.3847/2041-8213/ac6428 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Novel visible light active ternary TiO2-ZnO-WO3 composites: Facile preparation strategy and performance evaluation using the response surface design | This work reports the design and optimization of the preparation conditions of high performance visible light active TiO2-ZnO-WO3 ternary composite (TC) photocatalyst using minimum trial experiments based on response surface methodology (RSM). Calcination temperature, the weight percent (%) of ZnO and WO3 (with respect to TiO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) removal efficiency were chosen as the key variables toward optimizing the preparation conditions using RSM. Minitab Factorial design predicts trial experiments that are to be performed. The response coefficient difference between experimental and RSM and model verification approaches confirm that the TiO2-ZnO-WO3 TC containing 3% of ZnO and 3% of WO3 and calcined at 600 ? (designated as MinT (Z3%,W3%)) is superior in photocatalytic NOx removal performances. The microstructural and optical properties as well the surface composition of the composites prepared at the Maximum, Medium and Minimum conditions as predicted by RSM were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and the reasons for the excellent performance of MinT(Z3%,W3%) are corroborated with XRD, XPS, and DRS results. The generation of intermediate energy levels, formation of non-stochiometric solid solution like W-x Ti1-x O-2 via substitution of W ionic states in the crystal lattice of TiO2 crystal and merging and reforming of particles contribute to visible light activation and high photocatalytic performance for MinT(Z3%,W3%). The possible photocatalytic mechanism informs that holes and bound hydroxyl radicals play predominant roles in the reaction pathways. | Kighuta, Kabuyaya; Gopalan, Anantha-Iyengar; Lee, Dong-Goon; Kim, Sun-Woo; Park, Sung-Sik; Lee, Dong-Eun; Lee, Kwang-Pill; Kim, Wha-Jung | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; GOONWORLD Corp, Res Inst, Inovalley 26 Rd 9-115, Daegu, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Intelligent Construct Automat Ctr, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Chosun Univ, Dept Chem Educ, Gwangju 61452, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Architecture Civil Environm & Energy, 1370 Sangyeok Dong, Daegu 702701, South Korea | KIM, SUN/HSB-7040-2023 | 57194062365; 57191999779; 57836846600; 57089310400; 36241850300; 56605563300; 8382891300; 57203533494 | sungpark@knu.ac.kr;kimwj@knu.ac.kr; | JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING | J ENVIRON CHEM ENG | 2213-2929 | 2213-3437 | 10 | 5 | SCIE | ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL;ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL | 2022 | 7.7 | 10.9 | 0.59 | 2025-06-25 | 8 | 8 | TiO2-ZnO-WO3; Preparation condition; Response surface design; Optimization; Photo-degradation; Nitrogen oxide | OPTICAL BAND-GAP; PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY; CHARGE SEPARATION; ZINC-OXIDE; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOACTIVITY ENHANCEMENT; PHOTOCORROSION INHIBITION; ENGINEERING DESIGN; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; THIN-FILMS | Nitrogen oxide; Optimization; Photo-degradation; Preparation condition; Response surface design; TiO<sub>2</sub>-ZnO-WO<sub>3</sub> | Calcination; II-VI semiconductors; Light; Nitrogen oxides; Nitrogen removal; Optical properties; Photocatalytic activity; Surface properties; Titanium dioxide; X ray diffraction; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Zinc oxide; Nitrogen oxides removal; Optimisations; Performance; Photo degradation; Preparation conditions; Response surface designs; Response-surface methodology; Ternary composites; TiO2-ZnO-WO3; Visible light; Tungsten compounds | English | 2022 | 2022-10 | 10.1016/j.jece.2022.108224 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | |
| ○ | ○ | Article | P-Detector: Real-Time P-Wave Detection in a Seismic Waveform Recorded on a Low-Cost MEMS Accelerometer Using Deep Learning | Recently, the Internet of Things (IoT) systems have been widely used for earthquake detection because of the easy construction of a dense seismic network, communication capabilities, and low cost of sensors. However, when utilizing MEMS sensors as seismic sensors, earthquake detection capabilities are often affected by various types of noises because such sensors are installed in heterogeneous environments. In earthquakes, P-waves first arrive, but their lengths are only a few seconds, and their amplitudes are also relatively smaller than to S-waves. As a result, it is difficult to accurately detect P-waves in IoT systems where environmental noises are always present. Furthermore, when using deep learning approaches for earthquake detection, inference time usually becomes a critical factor for real-time processing because of the complex architecture of a detection model. To that end, in this letter, we present a deep learning model that can detect P-waves in noisy environments. The model outputs the detection probability before the arrival of strong shakes. We tested our model on earthquakes recorded by the IoT-based seismic sensors deployed in South Korea. Our model can detect P-waves within 1.5-2.5 s after the first arrival of P-wave with the accuracy of 98.8%, making it applicable in real-time earthquake detection. | Khan, Irshad; Kwon, Young-Woo | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Comp Sci & Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea | ; Kwon, Young-Woo/HGE-6607-2022; Khan, Irshad/AAN-8522-2020 | 36166674500; 57208480210 | irshad.cs@knu.ac.kr;ywkown@knu.ac.kr; | IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS | IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S | 1545-598X | 1558-0571 | 19 | SCIE | ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS;IMAGING SCIENCE & PHOTOGRAPHIC TECHNOLOGY;REMOTE SENSING | 2022 | 4.8 | 10.9 | 2.01 | 2025-06-25 | 17 | 23 | Earthquakes; Sensors; Real-time systems; Training; Deep learning; Data models; Convolution; Acceleration; deep learning (DL); earthquake early warning; P-wave | Acceleration; deep learning (DL); earthquake early warning; P-wave | South Korea; Deep learning; Earthquakes; Interactive computer systems; Internet of things; Real time systems; Shear waves; Signal detection; Deep learning; Earthquake detection; Earthquake early warning; Low-costs; P waves; P-wave detections; Real - Time system; Real- time; Seismic sensor; algorithm; detection method; early warning system; earthquake event; P-wave; S-wave; satellite sensor; waveform analysis; Seismic waves | English | 2022 | 2022 | 10.1109/lgrs.2022.3161017 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | |||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Separation of MSW pyrolysis fuel using 20 kg scale vacuum distillation system and its potential application as petro-chemical substitute | Pyrolysis is a very promising thermochemical conversion technology because it can convert the plastic waste into energy, thus providing a strategy to solve the worldwide problem of plastic waste pollution. In this work, a 20 kg scale vacuum distillation tower was used to separate the plastic pyrolysis fuel into 74 fractions at different AET (atmospheric equivalent temperature). As AET increased, the viscosity and TAN of the separated samples increased. The samples from No.1 to No.25 showed similar properties to gasoline, including carbon range: C-6 - C-11, viscosity range: 0.55-0.72 cSt@ 40 degrees C and HHV: 42-45 MJ/kg. The samples from No.33 to No.48 exhibited kerosene-like properties such as carbon range: C-10 - C-20, viscosity range: 1.07-2.53 cSt@ 40 degrees C and HHV: 44-45 MJ/kg. The samples over No.60 contained heavy waxy content (> C-20) with a high viscosity of 3.12-7.55 cSt@ 40 degrees C. After separation, the O/C ratio decreased from 0.033 in plastic pyrolysis oil to 0.001 when the H/C ratio increased from 1.90 to 1.96. GC-MS analysis showed two major chemical groups of paraffins (20-40%) and olefins (16-41%) in all fractions. The evenly blended transparent fuel mixture and its FTIR analysis showed a good miscibility of separated samples and diesel. In addition, the light fractions (Nos.1 similar to 25) can be further upgraded to naphtha because of their similar chemical compositions. Finally, both characteristics of distillates and the AET conditions can be further used for the design of scale-up vacuum distillation setup for targeting desired products. | Wang, Shuang; Lee, Doyeon; Kim, Hana; Hwang, Byung Wook; Nam, Hyungseok; Ryu, Ho -Jung | Korea Inst Energy Res, Climate Change Div, Daejeon 34129, South Korea; Hanbat Natl Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Eng, Daejeon 34158, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea | Ryu, Ho-Jung/AAV-3451-2020 | 57216215741; 55881252900; 57196215454; 44461423600; 57190418228; 7202277238 | JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING | J ENVIRON CHEM ENG | 2213-2929 | 2213-3437 | 10 | 5 | SCIE | ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL;ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL | 2022 | 7.7 | 10.9 | 0.52 | 2025-06-25 | 7 | 7 | Municipal plastic waste; Pyrolysis oil; Distillation; Boiler fuel; Naphtha | BIO-OIL; PERFORMANCE; CRACKING; LIGNIN | Boiler fuel; Distillation; Municipal plastic waste; Naphtha; Pyrolysis oil | Carbon; Chemical analysis; Cracking (chemical); Naphthas; Product design; Viscosity; Boiler fuels; Distillation systems; Equivalent temperature; Municipal plastic waste; Plastic pyrolysis; Plastics waste; Property; Pyrolysis oil; Thermochemical Conversion; Vacuum distillation; Distillation | English | 2022 | 2022-10 | 10.1016/j.jece.2022.108416 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Solar remediation of wastewater and saline water with concurrent production of value-added chemicals | Significant efforts have been undertaken to develop high-efficiency photoconversion materials and devices for the decentralized in situ production of carbon-neutral chemicals. Notably, photoconversion efficiency is a top priority assuming a ceaseless supply of artificially well-defined water. However, the production of treated water using existing processes is energy-intensive and generates a high carbon footprint. For the practical application of photoconversion systems, the use of untreated water is inevitable. Many organic and inorganic substrates present in untreated water actively participate in the production process of value-added chemicals and interfere with proton-electron transfer kinetics and mechanisms. From this perspective, solar splitting systems with contaminated water and saline water are introduced and the photoconversion systems are classified into photocatalysis, photoelectrocatalysis, and photovoltaic-assisted electrocatalysis. The oxidation and reduction reactions are separately discussed for each system, and hybrid devices developed for treating wastewater and saline water are examined in terms of their mechanism and efficiency. | Park, Hyunwoong | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Energy Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea | Park, Hyunwoong/A-1247-2012 | 7601565583 | hwp@knu.ac.kr; | JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING | J ENVIRON CHEM ENG | 2213-2929 | 2213-3437 | 10 | 1 | SCIE | ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL;ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL | 2022 | 7.7 | 10.9 | 0.33 | 2025-06-25 | 12 | 12 | Water treatment; Saline water; Electrocatalysis; Solar fuels; Artificial photosynthesis | HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE PRODUCTION; ENERGY-CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE; PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION; CO2 ELECTROREDUCTION; ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS; TECHNOECONOMIC ANALYSIS; ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; INORGANIC ANIONS | Artificial photosynthesis; Electrocatalysis; Saline water; Solar fuels; Water treatment | Artificial photosynthesis; Carbon footprint; Hydrogen production; Organic chemicals; Solar power generation; Substrates; Wastewater treatment; Water pollution; Artificial photosynthesis; Carbon neutrals; Decentralised; Energy; Higher efficiency; In-situ production; Photoconversion; Photoconversion efficiency; Solar fuels; Value-added chemicals; Electrocatalysis | English | 2022 | 2022-02 | 10.1016/j.jece.2021.106919 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | |
| ○ | ○ | Article | Psoas weakness following oblique lateral interbody fusion surgery: a prospective observational study with an isokinetic dynamometer | BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Although the surgical corridor used for oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) protects the intrapsoas nerves by causing minimal compression, transient weakness remains the most commonly reported postoperative complication. PURPOSE: Using a dynamometer to evaluate how the hip flexor strength changes following OLIF. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: A prospective observational study. PATIENT SAMPLE: Forty-six patients who underwent single or multi-level OLIF for lumbar spondylolisthesis. OUTCOME MEASURES: Isokinetic dynamometer values (peak torque, total work, average power), visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for leg pain, hypoesthesia, subjective weakness of the left hip flexor muscle, Oswestry disability index, body mass index, bone mineral density, radiologic findings of the psoas muscle (cross-sectional area, Hounsfield unit (HU), fat portion grade), and psoas retraction time. METHODS: The isokinetic muscle strength of the hip flexor was measured five times (preoperatively and postoperatively at 2 days, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months) for both legs. The peak torque was defined as the postoperative strength of the left hip flexor muscles, and was compared to the preoperative baseline value. The strength of the left and right hip flexor muscles were also compared at each time point. For logistic regression analysis, when the peak torque was below the median value, it was defined as lower peak torque. RESULTS: Up to 1 week after surgery, the strength of the left hip flexor muscle decreased significantly (paired difference in peak torque was 22.6%, p<.001). In the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis, diabetes (odds ratio [OR]=8.43, p=.020) and the HU of the psoas muscle (OR=0.916, p=.034) were associated with lower peak torque 1 week after surgery. From 1 month after surgery, postoperative weakness of the psoas muscle was not significant. In the questionnaire survey, subjective left hip flexion weakness was reported in 8.5% (4/47) of patients 1 week after surgery, and it remained in only 2.1% (1/47) of patients after 3 months of operation. The frequency of left anterior thigh pain and hypoesthesia decreased from 85.1% (40/47) at 1 week to 2.1% (1/47) at 3 months after surgery. The mean VAS score for left anterior thigh or groin pain decreased significantly at 1 month after surgery (PO2D: 4.04 +/- 1.84, PO1M: 1.67 +/- 1.10, p<.001). CONCLUSIONS: Dynamometer measurement showed that psoas strength declined significantly up to 1 week after OLIF surgery. Patients with diabetes or lower HU of the psoas muscle showed delayed recovery from postoperative weakness of the psoas muscle. However, the weakness was insignificant from 1 month after surgery. At 3 months after surgery, the other psoas-related problems (left anterior thigh pain and hypoesthesia) also disappeared. (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. | Lee, Subum; Kim, Ae-Ryoung; Bang, Woo-Seok; Park, Jin Hoon; Lee, Sang-Woo; Kim, Kyoung-Tae; Cho, Dae-Chul | Korea Univ, Anam Hosp, Coll Med, Dept Neurosurg, 73 Goryeodae Ro, Seoul 02841, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Kyungpook Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Rehabil Med, Sch Med, 130 Dongduk Ro, Daegu 41944, South Korea; Topspine Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, 1999 Dalgubeol Daero, Daegu 41931, South Korea; Univ Ulsan, Dept Neurol Surg, Asan Med Ctr, Coll Med, 88 Olimp Ro 43 Gil, Seoul 05505, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Kyungpook Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Sch Med, 130 Dongduk Ro, Daegu 41944, South Korea | ; lee, sangwoo/KUD-1906-2024; Lee, Subum/AFQ-2764-2022 | 57193631061; 57196257330; 55848366100; 36898773700; 57813492500; 57201369790; 55859543400 | dccho@knu.ac.kr; | SPINE JOURNAL | SPINE J | 1529-9430 | 1878-1632 | 22 | 12 | SCIE | CLINICAL NEUROLOGY;ORTHOPEDICS | 2022 | 4.5 | 11.0 | 1.12 | 2025-06-25 | 6 | 7 | Complication; Dynamometer; Hounsfield unit; Oblique lateral interbody fusion; Psoas muscle; Transient weakness | TRUNK MUSCLE STRENGTH; CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA; PARASPINAL MUSCLES; NERVE REGENERATION; LUMBAR; RELIABILITY; DEGENERATION; ANATOMY; AGE | Complication; Dynamometer; Hounsfield unit; Oblique lateral interbody fusion; Psoas muscle; Transient weakness | Humans; Hypesthesia; Lumbar Vertebrae; Pain; Psoas Muscles; Spinal Fusion; aged; Article; body mass; bone density; clinical article; cohort analysis; diabetes mellitus; female; flexor muscle; human; hypesthesia; inguinal pain; leg pain; lumbar spinal stenosis; male; muscle strength; muscle weakness; oblique lateral interbody fusion; observational study; Oswestry Disability Index; prospective study; psoas muscle; quantitative analysis; spine fusion; spondylolisthesis; torque; visual analog scale; adverse event; diagnostic imaging; lumbar vertebra; pain; procedures; psoas muscle; surgery | English | 2022 | 2022-12 | 10.1016/j.spinee.2022.07.091 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | |
| ○ | ○ | Article | ACC deaminase-producing endophytic fungal consortia promotes drought stress tolerance in M.oleifera by mitigating ethylene and H2O2 | IntroductionDrought has become more prevalent due to dramatic climate change worldwide. Consequently, the most compatible fungal communities collaborate to boost plant development and ecophysiological responses under environmental constraints. However, little is known about the specific interactions between non-host plants and endophytic fungal symbionts that produce growth-promoting and stress-alleviating hormones during water deficits. MethodsThe current research was rationalized and aimed at exploring the influence of the newly isolated, drought-resistant, ACC deaminase enzyme-producing endophytic fungi Trichoderma gamsii (TP), Fusarium proliferatum (TR), and its consortium (TP+TR) from a xerophytic plant Carthamus oxycantha L. on Moringa oleifera L. grown under water deficit induced by PEG-8000 (8% osmoticum solution). ResultsThe current findings revealed that the co-inoculation promoted a significant enhancement in growth traits such as dry weight (217%), fresh weight (123%), root length (65%), shoot length (53%), carotenoids (87%), and chlorophyll content (76%) in comparison to control plants under water deficit. Total soluble sugars (0.56%), proteins (132%), lipids (43%), flavonoids (52%), phenols (34%), proline (55%), GA(3) (86%), IAA (35%), AsA (170%), SA (87%), were also induced, while H2O2 (-45%), ABA (-60%) and ACC level (-77%) was decreased by co-inoculation of TP and TR in M. oleifera plants, compared with the non-inoculated plants under water deficit. The co-inoculum (TP+TR) also induced the antioxidant potential and enzyme activities POX (325%), CAT activity (166%), and AsA (21%), along with a lesser decrease (-2%) in water potential in M. oleifera plants with co-inoculation under water deficit compared with non-inoculated control. The molecular analysis for gene expression unraveled the reduced expression of ethylene biosynthesis and signaling-related genes up to an optimal level, with an induction of antioxidant enzymatic genes by endophytic co-inoculation in M. oleifera plants under water deficit, suggesting their role in drought stress tolerance as an essential regulatory function. ConclusionThe finding may alert scientists to consider the impacts of optimal reduction of ethylene and induction of antioxidant potential on drought stress tolerance in M. oleifera. Hence, the present study supports the use of compatible endophytic fungi to build a bipartite mutualistic symbiosis in M. oleifera non-host plants to mitigate the negative impacts of water scarcity in arid regions throughout the world. | Rehman, Bushra; Javed, Javeria; Rauf, Mamoona; Khan, Sumera Afzal; Arif, Muhammad; Hamayun, Muhammad; Gul, Humaira; Khilji, Sheza Ayaz; Sajid, Zahoor Ahmad; Kim, Won-Chan; Lee, In-Jung | Univ Peshawar, Ctr Biotechnol & Microbiol, Peshawar, Pakistan; Abdul Wali Khan Univ Mardan, Dept Bot, Mardan, Pakistan; Abdul Wali Khan Univ Mardan, Dept Biotechnol, Mardan, Pakistan; Univ Educ, Dept Bot, Div Sci & Technol, Lahore, Pakistan; Univ Punjab, Inst Bot, Lahore, Pakistan; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Appl Biosci, Daegu, South Korea | Hamayun, Muhammad/B-1694-2010; sajid, zahoor/AAR-1875-2020; Arif, Muhammad/P-2958-2019; Lee, In-Jung/GLS-0432-2022; rauf, mamoona/AAC-3246-2019; KIM, WON/AAJ-4506-2020; Khan, Shuhab/C-6839-2008; Rauf, Mamoona/AAC-3246-2019; khilji, sheza/ABA-6861-2021 | 56165672700; 57481473900; 55609311400; 9636646900; 57202654530; 59297330100; 7003592765; 25031532000; 34880788800; 55492085000; 16425830900 | mamoona@awkum.edu.pk;kwc@knu.ac.kr;ijlee@knu.ac.kr;drsumera@uop.edu.pk; | FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE | FRONT PLANT SCI | 1664-462X | 13 | SCIE | PLANT SCIENCES | 2022 | 5.6 | 11.1 | 2.78 | 2025-06-25 | 21 | 25 | plant-microbe interaction; Moringa oleifera; drought stress; antioxidants; agroforestry; hydrogen peroxide; ethylene; ACC deaminase | ABIOTIC STRESS; GENE-EXPRESSION; PLANT-GROWTH; TRICHODERMA; RESPONSES; ACCUMULATION; MAIZE; BIOSYNTHESIS; INHIBITION; BIOCONTROL | ACC deaminase; agroforestry; antioxidants; drought stress; ethylene; hydrogen peroxide; Moringa oleifera; plant-microbe interaction | English | 2022 | 2022-12-22 | 10.3389/fpls.2022.967672 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Applications of CRISPR/Cas9 as New Strategies for Short Breeding to Drought Gene in Rice | Recent unpredictable climate change is the main reason for the decline in rice yield. In particular, drought stress is a major constraint in reducing yield and quality for rice at rainfed agriculture areas, such as Asia and South America. CRISPR/Cas9 provides an effective solution for gene function study and molecular breeding due to specific editing of targeted genome sequences. In addition, CRISPR/Cas9 application can significantly reduce the time required to develop new cultivars with improved traits compared to conventional complex and time-consuming breeding. Here, drought-induced gene Oryza sativa Senescence-associated protein (OsSAP) was edited by CRISPR/Cas9. To investigate the possible role of OsSAP in drought stress, genome-editing plants were subjected to drought stress until the soil moisture content reached 20%, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging efficiency of genome-editing plants were decreased. When the genome-editing plants were subjected to drought stress, survival rate, shoot length, root length, content of chlorophyll number of tiller, and 1,000-grain weight decreased, and more H2O2 and O-2(-) were detected in leaves. In addition, expression levels of several critical stress-related transcription factors were decreased in the OsSAP genome-editing plant. These results suggest that OsSAP function as a positive regulator during drought stress response in rice. We analyzed the expression of OsSAP and Cas9 in T-0 and T-1 plants as well as T-2 seeds. As the course of generation advancement progressed, Cas9 expression remained stable or weakened but the OsSAP expression was continuously removed from the T-0 plant. The coefficient of variation (CV) in both T-1 plants and T-2 seeds was lower than 5%. Overall, our results suggest that CRISPR/Cas9 could be a novel and important tool for efficiently generating specific and inheritable targeted genome editing in rice, with short breeding cycles. | Park, Jae-Ryoung; Kim, Eun-Gyeong; Jang, Yoon-Hee; Jan, Rahmatullah; Farooq, Muhammad; Ubaidillah, Mohammad; Kim, Kyung-Min | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Appl Biosci, Div Plant Biosci, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Daegu, South Korea; Rural Dev Adm, Natl Inst Crop Sci, Crop Breeding Div, Wonju, South Korea; Jember Univ, Dept Agron, Fac Agr, Jember, Indonesia | Ubaidillah, Mohammad/HRD-1784-2023; Jan, Rahmatullah/AIC-3439-2022; Kim, Kyung-Min Kim/C-7007-2014 | 57211205505; 57221496070; 57219901992; 57201981969; 57215544380; 56011434400; 34868260300 | kkm@knu.ac.kr; | FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE | FRONT PLANT SCI | 1664-462X | 13 | SCIE | PLANT SCIENCES | 2022 | 5.6 | 11.1 | 4.89 | 2025-06-25 | 27 | 44 | abiotic stress; agricultural trait; generation; OsSAP; reactive oxygen species | SALT STRESS; LEAF SENESCENCE; OVEREXPRESSION; TOLERANCE; EXPRESSION; RESISTANCE; ACID; IDENTIFICATION; ACCUMULATION; ENVIRONMENT | abiotic stress; agricultural trait; generation; OsSAP; reactive oxygen species | English | 2022 | 2022-02-24 | 10.3389/fpls.2022.850441 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Classification of 17 species Aegilops using DNA barcoding and SNPs, reveals gene flow among Aegilops biuncialis, Aegilops juvenalis, and Aegilops columnaris | Rapid changes in agricultural environments caused by global warming pose a major challenge to food production and safety. Common wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a hexaploid plant (AABBDD) that shares large numbers of quantitative traits and resistance genes with B and D genomes of Aegilops species, which are responsible for several metabolic functions and biosynthetic processes, particularly in plant adaptation to biotic as well as abiotic stresses. Comparatively, the abundance of the Aegilops gene pool is much higher than that of Triticum. Therefore, we used four universal DNA barcodes for plants (ITS2, matK, rbcL, and psbM-petN) to construct a phylogenetic tree to classify the genus Aegilops. Fourteen species were distinguished among a total of 17 representative species. Aegilops biuncialis, Aegilops juvenalis, and Aegilops umbellulata could not be grouped into any of the clusters in the phylogenetic tree, indicating that these three species could not be distinguished by four DNA barcodes. Therefore, from 2408 SNPs obtained using genotyping by sequencing (GBS), we manually screened 30 SNPs that could be potentially used to classify these three species. The results of gene flow and genetic differentiation index (Fst) showed that the genetic differentiation among the three species was small, and there was bidirectional horizontal gene transfer between the three species, which was consistent with our results that the three species were difficult to classify by DNA barcode. | Wang, Xiaohan; Yoo, Eunae; Lee, Seungbum; Cho, Gyu-Taek; Lee, Gi-An; Yi, Jung Yoon; Du, Xiaoxuan; Han, Seahee; Hyun, Do Yoon; Ro, Nayoung; Kim, Kyung-Min | Rural Dev Adm, Natl Inst Agr Sci, Natl Agrobiodivers Ctr, Jeonju, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Grad Sch, Dept Appl Biosci, Daegu, South Korea; Honam Natl Inst Biol Resources, Mokpo, South Korea; Korea Natl Univ Agr & Fisheries, Jeonju, South Korea | ; Kim, Kyung-Min Kim/C-7007-2014; Wang, Xiaohan/GOV-4111-2022 | 57219099428; 57219709302; 8950275000; 21733960100; 55261679700; 31767753000; 57209098077; 57205579566; 56574783100; 57112457500; 34868260300 | dyhyun@korea.kr;nonanona@korea.kr;kkm@knu.ac.kr; | FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE | FRONT PLANT SCI | 1664-462X | 13 | SCIE | PLANT SCIENCES | 2022 | 5.6 | 11.1 | 0.11 | 2025-06-25 | 1 | 1 | Aegilops spp; genotyping by sequencing; phylogeny; species discrimination; wild wheat | PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; BREAD WHEAT; D-GENOME; TRITICUM; POACEAE; IDENTIFICATION; TAUSCHII; MATK; L.; INTROGRESSION | Aegilopsspp; genotyping by sequencing; phylogeny; species discrimination; wild wheat | English | 2022 | 2022-10-06 | 10.3389/fpls.2022.984825 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Development of a fuzzy logic-controlled system for home cultivation of sweet basil | As environmental pollution and the global population increase, and the COVID-19 pandemic becomes more severe, demands for indoor farming, especially home food gardening, have also increased. However, most research thus far has focused on large-scale food production, with very few studies having been conducted at the household scale. Also, the devices cultivating household crops with control systems in a continuous way, which minimize fluctuations of environmental conditions, have been rarely developed. Therefore, this study aimed to design a household cultivation system for sweet basil that is automatically and continuously controlled by fuzzy logic with a Raspberry Pi4. Three inputs (temperature, humidity, and growth stage) and seven outputs (fan, humidifier, heater 1, heater 2, LED red, green, and blue) were used with six rules, ensuring that three lights operated independently upon three growth stages. Simulation and actual operation were carried out, resulting in an appropriately controlled system that operated with few defects. In the case of an operation of the input variable, temperature and humidity were maintained at an average of 21.24 degrees C and 75.58%, respectively, and the LED operation for the growth stage was confirmed to be flawless. For verification of the designed fuzzy system, a comparison between the simulation and actual operation was performed to examine differences and identify problems. To this end, Pearson's correlation coefficients were used, and the direction of correction of the fuzzy logic system was proposed. Through these results, the feasibility of a home cultivation system using fuzzy logic was demonstrated, and it is expected that further studies applying it will be conducted in the future. | Kim, Jung-Sun Gloria; Jeong, Wooyoung; Park, Seongmin; Yang, Myongkyoon | Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Biosyst Engn, Seoul, South Korea; Seoul Natl Univ, Global Smart Farm Convergence Major, Seoul, South Korea; Hanyang Univ, Dept Technol Management, Seoul, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Smart Agr Innovat Ctr, Daegu, South Korea | 57952342100; 57952559000; 56734684900; 57194176323 | yangmk@knu.ac.kr; | FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE | FRONT PLANT SCI | 1664-462X | 13 | SCIE | PLANT SCIENCES | 2022 | 5.6 | 11.1 | 0.33 | 2025-06-25 | 2 | 3 | fuzzy logic; indoor farming; controlled environment agriculture; sweet basil; light quality; growth stage; home food gardening | controlled environment agriculture; fuzzy logic; growth stage; home food gardening; indoor farming; light quality; sweet basil | English | 2022 | 2022-10-19 | 10.3389/fpls.2022.999106 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Effect of Different Salts on Nutrients Uptake, Gene Expression, Antioxidant, and Growth Pattern of Selected Rice Genotypes | Climate change leads to soil salinization, and the dynamic scarcity of freshwater has negatively affected crop production worldwide, especially Oryza sativa. The association among ion uptake, gene expression, antioxidant, biomass, and root and shoot development under different salt stress are not fully understood. Many studies are related to the effect of NaCl only. This study used two salts (CaCl2 and MgCl2) along with NaCl and analyzed their effects on mineral uptake (macronutrients and micronutrients), gene expression, seed germination, antioxidants, plant growth, and biomass in different rice genotypes. CaCl2 (up to 200 mM) slightly increased the germination percentage and seedling growth, whereas, 150 mM MgCl2 in the soil increased the root, shoot length, and fresh and dry weight in cultivars IR 28 and Cheongcheong. All agronomic traits among rice genotypes were drastically reduced by NaCl stress compared to other salts. Different salt stress differentially regulated ion uptake in the roots and shoots among different rice genotypes. Under different salt stress, a consistent decrease in Ca2+, Mn2+, and Fe2+ ions was observed in the roots of Cheongcheong, Nagdong, and IR 28. Similarly, under different salts, the stress in the shoots of Cheongcheong (Ca2+, Na+, and Zn2+) and Nagdong (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, and Zn2+) and the shoots of IR 28 (Ca2+ and Mg2+) consistently increased. Under different salts, a salt stress-related gene was expressed differentially in the roots of rice genotypes. However, after 6 and 12 h, there was consistent OsHKT1, OsNHX1, and OsSOS1 gene upregulation in the shoots of Nagdong and roots and shoots of the salt-tolerant cultivar Pokkali. Under different salt stress, glutathione (GSH) content increased in the shoot of IR 28 and Nagdong by NaCl, and MgCl2 salt, whereas, POD activity increased significantly by CaCl2 and MgCl2 in cultivar Cheongcheong and IR 28 shoot. Therefore, this study suggested that Pokkali responded well to NaCl stress only, whereas, the plant molecular breeding lab cultivar Nagdong showed more salt tolerance to different salts (NaCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2). This can potentially be used by agriculturists to develop the new salt-tolerant cultivar "Nagdong"-like Pokkali. | Farooq, Muhammad; Asif, Saleem; Jang, Yoon-Hee; Park, Jae-Ryoung; Zhao, Dan-Dan; Kim, Eun-Gyeong; Kim, Kyung-Min | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Grad Sch, Dept Appl Biosci, Daegu, South Korea; Natl Inst Crop Sci, Rural Dev Adm, Crop Breeding Div, Wonju, South Korea | ZHAO, DANDAN/HIK-2130-2022; Kim, Kyung-Min Kim/C-7007-2014 | 57215544380; 57396413700; 57219901992; 57211205505; 57459517300; 57221496070; 34868260300 | kkm@knu.ac.kr; | FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE | FRONT PLANT SCI | 1664-462X | 13 | SCIE | PLANT SCIENCES | 2022 | 5.6 | 11.1 | 2.22 | 2025-06-25 | 16 | 20 | OsHKT1; OsNHX1; OsSOS1; macronutrients; micronutrients; CaCl2; MgCl2 | ORYZA-SATIVA L.; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SALINITY TOLERANCE; SEED-GERMINATION; NA+ ACCUMULATION; ION ACCUMULATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; SODIUM-CHLORIDE; PLANT-GROWTH; WATER STATUS | CaCl<sub>2</sub>; macronutrients; MgCl<sub>2</sub>; micronutrients; OsHKT1; OsNHX1; OsSOS1 | English | 2022 | 2022-06-16 | 10.3389/fpls.2022.895282 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Endophytic Fusarium oxysporum GW controlling weed and an effective biostimulant for wheat growth | Wheat crop has to compete with several weeds including Avena fatua, a noxious weed that alone is responsible for 30-70% losses in the yield annually. Because of the environmental concerns associated with conventional methods, researchers are on a continuous hunt to find clean alternatives in order to manage weeds. Fungi have shown promising weedicide potential in lab studies. The current study aimed to isolate endophytic fungi from wheat plants which can promote wheat growth and inhibit the growth of common weed, A. fatua. Of several isolates, GW (grayish white) was selected for its promising features, and the strain was identified as Fusarium oxisporum through ITS sequencing technique. This fungus released a number of compounds including Isovitexin, Calycosin, quercetagetin, and dihydroxy-dimethoxyisoflavone that inhibited the growth of A. fatua but did not influence the growth of wheat seedlings. Biomass of this fungus in the soil also reduced growth parameters of the weed and promoted the growth of wheat. For instance, the vigor index of A. fatua seedlings was reduced to only 6% of the control by this endophyte. In contrast, endophyte-associated wheat seedlings showed a higher vigor index than the control. Behind this differential response of the two plants were their contrasting physiological and biochemical status. Lower growth phenotypes of A. fatua seedlings had reduced levels of IAA, GAs, and SA and higher the levels of JA and ABA. Besides, their ROS scavenging ability was also compromised as evident from relatively lower activities of catalase, peroxidase, and ascorbic acid oxidase, as well as higher accumulation of ROS in their leaves. Wheat seedlings response to GW was opposite to the A. fatua. It may be concluded that F. oxysporum GW has the ability to differentially modulate physiology and biochemistry of the two hosts leading to contrasting phenotypic responses. | Asim, Syed; Hussain, Anwar; Murad, Waheed; Hamayun, Muhammad; Iqbal, Amjad; Rehman, Hazir; Tawab, Abdul; Irshad, Muhammad; Alataway, Abed; Dewidar, Ahmed Z.; Elansary, Hosam O.; Lee, In-Jung | Abdul Wali Khan Univ Mardan, Dept Bot, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunk, Pakistan; Abdul Wali Khan Univ Mardan, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunk, Pakistan; Abdul Wali Khan Univ Mardan, Dept Microbiol, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunk, Pakistan; Natl Inst Biotechnol & Genet Engn, Faisalabad, Pakistan; King Saud Univ, Prince Sultan Inst Environm Water & Desert Res, Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Int Prize Water Chair, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud Univ, Coll Food & Agr Sci, Dept Agr Engn, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud Univ, Coll Food & Agr Sci, Plant Prod Dept, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Appl Biosci, Daegu, South Korea | Murad, Waheed/HGE-7090-2022; Rahman, Hazir/Q-8976-2019; Irshad, Muhammad/JQW-6402-2023; Hamayun, Muhammad/B-1694-2010; Elansary, Hosam/E-3684-2019; Tawab, Abdul/K-2464-2016; Lee, In-Jung/GLS-0432-2022; Iqbal, Amjad/E-2010-2014; Hussain, Anwar/N-1605-2019 | 57859042300; 35621772200; 55394220500; 59297330100; 10142205100; 7101793666; 56618526300; 57206301341; 57201117016; 57194111425; 35388049900; 16425830900 | drhussain@awkum.edu.pk;ijlee@knu.ac.kr; | FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE | FRONT PLANT SCI | 1664-462X | 13 | SCIE | PLANT SCIENCES | 2022 | 5.6 | 11.1 | 2.45 | 2025-06-25 | 19 | 22 | bioherbicide; biofertilizer; phytohormones; antioxidants; Fusarium oxysporum; endophytic fungi | PLANT-GROWTH; FUNGAL ENDOPHYTES; AVENA-FATUA; ACID; FLAVONOIDS; BIOHERBICIDES; TOLERANCE; PROMOTION; CALCIUM; PART | antioxidants; biofertilizer; bioherbicide; endophytic fungi; Fusarium oxysporum; phytohormones | English | 2022 | 2022-08-05 | 10.3389/fpls.2022.922343 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 |
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