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| WoS | SCOPUS | Document Type | Document Title | Abstract | Authors | Affiliation | ResearcherID (WoS) | AuthorsID (SCOPUS) | Author Email(s) | Journal Name | JCR Abbreviation | ISSN | eISSN | Volume | Issue | WoS Edition | WoS Category | JCR Year | IF | JCR (%) | FWCI | FWCI Update Date | WoS Citation | SCOPUS Citation | Keywords (WoS) | KeywordsPlus (WoS) | Keywords (SCOPUS) | KeywordsPlus (SCOPUS) | Language | Publication Stage | Publication Year | Publication Date | DOI | JCR Link | DOI Link | WOS Link | SCOPUS Link |
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| ○ | ○ | Article | Compact Ultra-Wideband Phase Inverter Using Microstrip-CPW-Slotline Transitions | A planar ultra-wideband phase inverter, which consists of a series of transitions between microstrip, coplanar waveguide, and slotline, is designed and implemented. This compact-sized phase inverter can be used to generate wideband 180 degrees phase differential signals, especially at high microwave frequencies up to millimeter-waves. The design is based on the impedance matching and smooth field transformation between the transitional stages. The fabricated transition has dimensions of 7.36 mm x 5.08 mm, and provides ultra-wide frequency bandwidth from 13 GHz to 38 GHz with low insertion loss of better than 2 dB within +/- 5 degrees phase deviation and with return loss of greater than 10 dB. | Mohyuddin, Wahab; Lee, Gwan Hui; Woo, Dong Sik; Choi, Hyun Chul; Kim, Kang Wook | Natl Univ Sci & Technol NUST, Res Inst Microwave & Millimeter Wave Studies, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Daegu Catholic Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Gyongsan 38430, South Korea | Mohyuddin, Wahab/ABE-4183-2021 | 56179736900; 57201689364; 16508217500; 57193342681; 57204432422 | wahab.mohyuddin@rimms.nust.edu.pk;gwan6088@knu.ac.kr;dswoo@cu.ac.kr;hcchoi@ee.knu.ac.kr;kang_kim@ee.knu.ac.kr; | ELECTRONICS | ELECTRONICS-SWITZ | 2079-9292 | 10 | 3 | SCIE | COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;PHYSICS, APPLIED | 2021 | 2.69 | 50.2 | 0.26 | 2025-07-30 | 2 | 4 | transition; phase inverter; microstrip line; coplanar waveguide (CPW); slotline; ultra-wideband | PAIR | Coplanar waveguide (CPW); Microstrip line; Phase inverter; Slotline; Transition; Ultra-wideband | English | 2021 | 2021-02 | 10.3390/electronics10030252 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | |||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Compact Wideband Coplanar Stripline-to-Microstrip Line Transition Using a Bended Structure on a Two-Layered Substrate | A design of a compact coplanar strip (CPS)-to-microstrip line (MSL) transition using a bended structure on a two-layered substrate is presented. The proposed transition consists of a CPS taper and a bended CPS-to-MSL transition on a two-layered substrate. The CPS taper is formed on the lower substrate with low permittivity (epsilon(r) = 3.38), and the bended CPS-to-MSL transition is formed on the upper substrate with high permittivity (epsilon(r) = 10.2). The proposed transition is designed with analytical formulas obtained by applying EM-based conformal mapping without parametric tuning trials. The conductor shape of the bended CPS-to-MSL transition is adjusted to form an optimal Klopfenstein impedance taper. The proposed CPS-to-MSL transition optimally connects between a high impedance CPS line (similar to 160 Omega) and a 50 Omega MSL, which typically results in a long transition length for ultra-wideband performance. The implemented transition bended in a sinusoid shape on the two-layered substrate provides good performance from 2 GHz to 17 GHz with the maximum 2 dB insertion loss per transition, and the horizontal length of the bended transition is reduced to 42.9% of the straight transition length. This bended transition is developed for use in mm-wave balanced antenna/detector feeds but can be applied to a variety of wideband balanced circuit modules, where compact circuit size is critical. | Lee, Gwan Hui; Mohyuddin, Wahab; Kumar, Sachin; Choi, Hyun Chul; Kim, Kang Wook | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Natl Univ Sci & Technol, Res Inst Microwave & Millimeter Wave Studies, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; SRM Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Elect & Commun Engn, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India | Mohyuddin, Wahab/ABE-4183-2021; Kumar, Sachin/W-2211-2019 | 57201689364; 56179736900; 56907994000; 57193342681; 57204432422 | gwan6088@knu.ac.kr;wahab.mohyuddin@gmail.com;gupta.sachin0708@gmail.com;hcchoi@ee.knu.ac.kr;kang_kim@ee.knu.ac.kr; | ELECTRONICS | ELECTRONICS-SWITZ | 2079-9292 | 10 | 11 | SCIE | COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;PHYSICS, APPLIED | 2021 | 2.69 | 50.2 | 0.06 | 2025-07-30 | 1 | 2 | compact; CPS-to-MSL transition; two-layered structure; bended structure; ultra-wideband; conformal mapping | TRANSMISSION-LINES; ANTENNA; DESIGN; DC | Bended structure; Compact; Conformal mapping; CPS‐to‐MSL transition; Two‐layered structure; Ultra‐wideband | English | 2021 | 2021-06 | 10.3390/electronics10111272 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | |||
| ○ | ○ | Article | COREA: Delay- and Energy-Efficient Approximate Adder Using Effective Carry Speculation | This paper presents a delay- and energy-efficient approximate adder design exploiting an effective carry speculation scheme with error reduction. The proposed scheme reduces the delay and improves the energy efficiency without any significant accuracy degradation by effectively adding the predicted carry input using the OR operation. Additionally, the error reduction technique improves the overall computation accuracy at the expense of a few logic gates. As a result, the proposed adder achieves 3.84- and 7.79-times greater energy and energy-delay product (EDP) efficiencies than the traditional adder when implemented in 65-nm CMOS technology. In particular, when jointly analyzed with hardware accuracy, our design attains 69% and 70% reductions of the energy- and EDPnormalized mean error distance (NMED) products, respectively, compared to the other approximate adders under consideration. Furthermore, the proposed adder's efficacy over the existing adders is demonstrated by adopting it in a machine learning application. | Seok, Hyelin; Seo, Hyoju; Lee, Jungwon; Kim, Yongtae | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Comp Sci & Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea | Seo, Hyoju/GSD-8672-2022 | 57237930600; 57215662369; 57219710729; 55699627900 | tmzkd18518@knu.ac.kr;hyoju@knu.ac.kr;knuc17@knu.ac.kr;yongtae@knu.ac.kr; | ELECTRONICS | ELECTRONICS-SWITZ | 2079-9292 | 10 | 18 | SCIE | COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;PHYSICS, APPLIED | 2021 | 2.69 | 50.2 | 0.78 | 2025-07-30 | 9 | 14 | approximate adder; approximate circuit; approximate computing; arithmetic circuit; energy-efficiency; low-power; carry speculation; error reduction | DESIGN | Approximate adder; Approximate circuit; Approximate computing; Arithmetic circuit; Carry speculation; Energy-efficiency; Error reduction; Low-power | English | 2021 | 2021-09 | 10.3390/electronics10182234 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | |||
| ○ | ○ | Article | GAN-Based ROI Image Translation Method for Predicting Image after Hair Transplant Surgery | In this paper, we propose a new deep learning-based image translation method to predict and generate images after hair transplant surgery from images before hair transplant surgery. Since existing image translation models use a naive strategy that trains the whole distribution of translation, the image translation models using the original image as the input data result in converting not only the hair transplant surgery region, which is the region of interest (ROI) for image translation, but also the other image regions, which are not the ROI. To solve this problem, we proposed a novel generative adversarial network (GAN)-based ROI image translation method, which converts only the ROI and retains the image for the non-ROI. Specifically, by performing image translation and image segmentation independently, the proposed method generates predictive images from the distribution of images after hair transplant surgery and specifies the ROI to be used for generated images. In addition, by applying the ensemble method to image segmentation, we propose a more robust method through complementing the shortages of various image segmentation models. From the experimental results using a real medical image dataset, e.g., 1394 images before hair transplantation and 896 images after hair transplantation, to train the GAN model, we show that the proposed GAN-based ROI image translation method performed better than the other GAN-based image translation methods, e.g., by 23% in SSIM (Structural Similarity Index Measure), 452% in IoU (Intersection over Union), and 42% in FID (Frechet Inception Distance), on average. Furthermore, the ensemble method that we propose not only improves ROI detection performance but also shows consistent performances in generating better predictive images from preoperative images taken from diverse angles. | Hwang, Do-Yeon; Choi, Seok-Hwan; Shin, Jinmyeong; Kim, Moonkyu; Choi, Yoon-Ho | Pusan Natl Univ, Sch Comp Sci & Engn, Busan 46242, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Hosp Hair Transplantat Ctr, Daegu 41913, South Korea | ; Choi, Yoon Ho/JXM-6303-2024; Shin, Jinmyeong/JAZ-1141-2023 | 57365631500; 57189217848; 57203464861; 57199748390; 56532761600 | h1d2y3@pusan.ac.kr;daniailsh@pusan.ac.kr;sinryang@pusan.ac.kr;moonkim@knu.ac.kr;yhchoi@pusan.ac.kr; | ELECTRONICS | ELECTRONICS-SWITZ | 2079-9292 | 10 | 24 | SCIE | COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;PHYSICS, APPLIED | 2021 | 2.69 | 50.2 | 0.19 | 2025-07-30 | 3 | 3 | hair loss; hair transplant surgery; image translation; image segmentation | DEEP | Hair loss; Hair transplant surgery; Image segmentation; Image translation | English | 2021 | 2021-12 | 10.3390/electronics10243066 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | |||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Hole Injection Role of p-Type Conjugated Polymer Nanolayers in Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Devices | Here, we report the hole injection role of p-type conjugated polymer layer in phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs). Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) nanolayers (thickness = similar to 1 nm thick), which were subjected to thermal annealing at 140 degrees C by varying annealing time, were inserted between indium tin oxide (ITO) anodes and hole transport layers (N,N'-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N'-bis(phenyl)-benzidine, NPB). The 1 nm-thick P3HT layers showed very weak absorption in the visible light range of 500 similar to 650 nm. The device results disclosed that the presence of P3HT layers were just able to improve the charge injection of OLEDs leading to an enhanced luminance irrespective of thermal annealing condition. The highest luminance and efficiency were achieved for the OLEDs with the P3HT layers annealed at 140 degrees C for 10 min. Further annealing for 30 min resulted in turn-down of device performances. The emission color was almost unchanged by the presence of P3HT layers even though the color coordinates were marginally fluctuated according to the annealing time. The present result delivers the possibility to use p-type conjugated polymers (i.e., P3HT) as a hole injection layer in OLEDs. | Lee, Sooyong; Kim, Hwajeong; Kim, Youngkyoo | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Organ Nanoelect Lab, KNU Inst Nanophoton Applicat KINPA, Dept Chem Engn,Sch Appl Chem Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Res Inst Environm Sci & Technol, Daegu 41566, South Korea | 55421486100; 15520531700; 10340424400 | tomlsy@naver.com;khj217@knu.ac.kr;ykimm@knu.ac.kr; | ELECTRONICS | ELECTRONICS-SWITZ | 2079-9292 | 10 | 18 | SCIE | COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;PHYSICS, APPLIED | 2021 | 2.69 | 50.2 | 0.45 | 2025-07-30 | 5 | 7 | OLED; P3HT; thermal annealing; hole injection layer; efficiency | RECOMBINATION ZONE; LAYER; OLEDS; ELECTRODE; EMISSION; PEDOTPSS | Efficiency; Hole injection layer; OLED; P3HT; Thermal annealing | English | 2021 | 2021-09 | 10.3390/electronics10182283 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | ICEr: An Intermittent Computing Environment Based on a Run-Time Module for Energy-Harvesting IoT Devices with NVRAM | With the development of energy-harvesting technology, various applications have been developed that can be operated only with harvested energy, thereby making energy-harvesting technology suitable for edge devices in poor environments where battery replacement is difficult. However, devices with energy-harvesting technology have limitations: an application can operate intermittently in an energy-harvesting device, and the device's energy is greatly affected by the environment and the state of the device. Intermittent computing causes abnormal progress or affords incorrect results. The factors affecting the energy of the device can change the operation of the device. To solve these problems, we propose the "Intermittent Computing Environment based on a run-time module" (ICEr), which dynamically controls and manages an application for normal operation in intermittent computing. ICEr comprises an energy checker and a controller. The energy checker measures the energy state of a device at run-time, and the controller controls and manages an application through Backup, Restore, Sleep, and Wakeup. The controller optimizes those operations by considering the energy state and memory state together to minimize time and energy overhead. In this study, two kinds of experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, Embench was selected as the target application to validate ICEr and measure its performance. This experiment validated that ICEr behaves dynamically in various environments. Moreover, it showed a reduction in relative execution time overhead of up to 50% and a reduction in energy overhead of up to 49.5% against Hibernus, depending on the environment. In the second experiment, ICEr was applied to the Temperature Measurement Application, and the improvement of the energy efficiency for the real Internet-of-Things (IoT) application was confirmed. | Kwak, Junho; Kim, Hyeongrae; Cho, Jeonghun | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea | 57205506637; 57203064517; 7403536198 | junho7513@gmail.com;hn02301@gmail.com;jcho@knu.ac.kr; | ELECTRONICS | ELECTRONICS-SWITZ | 2079-9292 | 10 | 8 | SCIE | COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;PHYSICS, APPLIED | 2021 | 2.69 | 50.2 | 0.06 | 2025-07-30 | 1 | 2 | energy harvesting; intermittent computing; run-time; low-power; Internet-of-Things (IoT); non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM) | COMPUTATION; POLYMERS | Energy harvesting; Intermittent computing; Internet-of-Things (IoT); Low-power; Non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM); Run-time | English | 2021 | 2021-04 | 10.3390/electronics10080879 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Improved Negative Bias Stress Stability of Sol-Gel-Processed Li-Doped SnO2 Thin-Film Transistors | In this study, sol-gel-processed Li-doped SnO2-based thin-film transistors (TFTs) were fabricated on SiO2/p+ Si substrates. The influence of Li dopant (wt%) on the structural, chemical, optical, and electrical characteristics was investigated. By adding 0.5 wt% Li dopant, the oxygen vacancy formation process was successfully suppressed. Its smaller ionic size and strong bonding strength made it possible for Li to work as an oxygen vacancy suppressor. The fabricated TFTs consisting of 0.5 wt% Li-doped SnO2 semiconductor films delivered the field-effect mobility in a 2.0 cm(2)/Vs saturation regime and I-on/I-off value of 1 x 10(8) and showed enhancement mode operation. The decreased oxygen vacancy inside SnO2 TFTs with 0.5 wt% Li dopant improved the negative bias stability of TFTs. | Kim, Hyeon-Joong; Kim, Do-Won; Lee, Won-Yong; Lee, Sin-Hyung; Bae, Jin-Hyuk; Kang, In-Man; Jang, Jaewon | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea | Kim, Byung Joo/ABG-7715-2021; Lee, Sin-Hyung/ABD-6425-2022 | 57221742722; 59110033500; 57209527128; 57226880204; 35326180700; 57194107504; 7203062678 | dan7620@knu.ac.kr;ehdnjs5169@knu.ac.kr;yongsz@knu.ac.kr;sinhlee@knu.ac.kr;jhbae@ee.knu.ac.kr;imkang@ee.knu.ac.kr;j1jang@knu.ac.kr; | ELECTRONICS | ELECTRONICS-SWITZ | 2079-9292 | 10 | 14 | SCIE | COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;PHYSICS, APPLIED | 2021 | 2.69 | 50.2 | 0.45 | 2025-07-30 | 7 | 7 | sol-gel; Li doping; thin-film transistor; SnO2; negative bias stability | OXIDE; PERFORMANCE | Li doping; Negative bias stability; SnO<sub>2</sub>; Sol–gel; Thin-film transistor | English | 2021 | 2021-07 | 10.3390/electronics10141629 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | |||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Influence of Active Channel Layer Thickness on SnO2 Thin-Film Transistor Performance | Sol-gel processed SnO2 thin-film transistors (TFTs) were fabricated on SiO2/p(+) Si substrates. The SnO2 active channel layer was deposited by the sol-gel spin coating method. Precursor concentration influenced the film thickness and surface roughness. As the concentration of the precursor was increased, the deposited films were thicker and smoother. The device performance was influenced by the thickness and roughness of the SnO2 active channel layer. Decreased precursor concentration resulted in a fabricated device with lower field-effect mobility, larger subthreshold swing (SS), and increased threshold voltage (V-th), originating from the lower free carrier concentration and increase in trap sites. The fabricated SnO2 TFTs, with an optimized 0.030 M precursor, had a field-effect mobility of 9.38 cm(2)/Vs, an SS of 1.99, an I-on/I-off value of similar to 4.0 x 10(7), and showed enhancement mode operation and positive V-th, equal to 9.83 V. | Kim, Do Won; Kim, Hyeon Joong; Lee, Changmin; Kim, Kyoungdu; Bae, Jin-Hyuk; Kang, In-Man; Jang, Jaewon | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea | Kim, Do-Yeon/B-1877-2009; Kim, Byung Joo/ABG-7715-2021 | 59110033500; 57221742722; 57191709616; 57221754528; 35326180700; 7203062678; 57194107504 | ehdnjs5169@knu.ac.kr;dan7620@knu.ac.kr;lcm1684@knu.ac.kr;kkd9506@knu.ac.kr;jhbae@ee.knu.ac.kr;imkang@ee.knu.ac.kr;j1jang@knu.ac.kr; | ELECTRONICS | ELECTRONICS-SWITZ | 2079-9292 | 10 | 2 | SCIE | COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;PHYSICS, APPLIED | 2021 | 2.69 | 50.2 | 0.71 | 2025-07-30 | 11 | 11 | sol-gel; thickness; precursor concentration; SnO2; thin-film transistor | Precursor concentration; SnO<sub>2</sub>; Sol-gel; Thickness; Thin-film transistor | English | 2021 | 2021-01 | 10.3390/electronics10020200 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Intelligent Cognitive Radio Ad-Hoc Network: Planning, Learning and Dynamic Configuration | Cognitive radio (CR) is an adaptive radio technology that can automatically detect available channels in a wireless spectrum and change transmission parameters to improve the radio operating behavior. A CR ad-hoc network (CRAHN) should be able to coexist with primary user (PU) systems and other CR secondary systems without causing harmful interference to licensed PUs as well as dynamically configure autonomous and decentralized networks. Therefore, an intelligent system structure is required for efficient spectrum use. In this paper, we present a learning-based distributed autonomous CRAHN network system model for network planning, learning, and dynamic configuration. Based on the system model, we propose machine learning-based optimization algorithms for spectrum sensing, cluster-based ad-hoc network configuration, and context-aware signal classification. Using the sensing engine and the cognitive engine, the surrounding spectrum usage and the neighbor network operation status can be analyzed. The proposed policy engine can create network operation policies for the dynamically changing surrounding wireless environment, detect policy conflicts, and infer the optimal policy for the current situation. The decision engine finally determines and configures the optimal CRAHN configuration parameters through cooperation with a learning engine, in which we implement the proposed machine-learning algorithms. The simulation results show that the proposed machine-learning CRAHN algorithms can construct CR cluster networks that have a long network lifetime and high spectrum utility. Additionally, with high signal context recognition performance, we can ensure coexistence with neighboring systems. | Lee, Kwang-Eog; Park, Joon Goo; Yoo, Sang-Jo | Agcy Def Dev, Daejeon 34060, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Inha Univ, Dept Informat & Commun Engn, Incheon 22212, South Korea | 7501504908; 24329712800; 24281996800 | kelee@add.re.kr;jgpark@knu.ac.kr;sjyoo@inha.ac.kr; | ELECTRONICS | ELECTRONICS-SWITZ | 2079-9292 | 10 | 3 | SCIE | COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;PHYSICS, APPLIED | 2021 | 2.69 | 50.2 | 0.84 | 2025-07-30 | 13 | 13 | cognitive radio; ad-hoc network; machine learning; optimization; coexistence | Ad-hoc network; Coexistence; Cognitive radio; Machine learning; Optimization | English | 2021 | 2021-02 | 10.3390/electronics10030254 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | |||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Lane-Merging Strategy for a Self-Driving Car in Dense Traffic Using the Stackelberg Game Approach | This paper presents the lane-merging strategy for self-driving cars in dense traffic using the Stackelberg game approach. From the perspective of the self-driving car, in order to make sufficient space to merge into the next lane, a self-driving car should interact with the vehicles in the next lane. In heavy traffic, where the possible actions of the vehicle are pretty limited, it is possible to conjecture the driving intentions of the vehicles from their behaviors. For example, by observing the speed changes of the human-driver in the next lane, the self-driving car can estimate its driving intention in real time, much in the same way of a human driver. We use the principle of Stackelberg competition to make the optimal decision for the self-driving car based on the predicted reaction of the interacting vehicles in the next lane. In this way, according to the traffic circumstances, a self-driving car can decide whether to merge or not. In addition, by limiting the number of interacting vehicles, the computational burden is manageable enough to be implemented in production vehicles. We verify the efficiency of the proposed method through the case studies for different test scenarios, and the test results show that our approach is closer to the human-like decision-making strategy, as compared to the conventional rule-based method. | Ji, Kyoungtae; Orsag, Matko; Han, Kyoungseok | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Univ Zagreb, Dept Control & Comp Engn, Zagreb 10000, Croatia | 57222725974; 36089400400; 56465294700 | wlrudxo644@knu.ac.kr;matko.orsag@fer.hr;kyoungsh@knu.ac.kr; | ELECTRONICS | ELECTRONICS-SWITZ | 2079-9292 | 10 | 8 | SCIE | COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;PHYSICS, APPLIED | 2021 | 2.69 | 50.2 | 1.82 | 2025-07-30 | 23 | 30 | self-driving car; game theory; decision-making; stackelberg game; lane-merging; intention estimation | MODEL; VEHICLES | Decision-making; Game theory; Intention estimation; Lane-merging; Self-driving car; Stackelberg game | English | 2021 | 2021-04 | 10.3390/electronics10080894 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Lightweight Failover Authentication Mechanism for IoT-Based Fog Computing Environment | Fog computing as an extension to the cloud computing infrastructure has been invaluable in enhancing the applicability of the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm. IoT based Fog systems magnify the range and minimize the latency of IoT applications. However, as fog nodes are considered transient and they offer authenticated services, when an IoT end device loses connectivity with a fog node, it must authenticate freshly with a secondary fog node. In this work, we present a new security mechanism to leverage the initial authentication to perform fast lightweight secondary authentication to ensure smooth failover among fog nodes. The proposed scheme is secure in the presence of a current de-facto Canetti and Krawczyk (CK)-adversary. We demonstrate the security of the proposed scheme with a detailed security analysis using formal security under the broadly recognized Real-Or-Random (ROR) model, informal security analysis as well as through formal security verification using the broadly-used Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) software tool. A testbed experiment for measuring computational time for different cryptographic primitives using the Multiprecision Integer and Rational Arithmetic Cryptographic Library (MIRACL) has been done. Finally, through comparative analysis with other related schemes, we show how the presented approach is uniquely advantageous over other schemes. | Banerjee, Soumya; Das, Ashok Kumar; Chattopadhyay, Samiran; Jamal, Sajjad Shaukat; Rodrigues, Joel J. P. C.; Park, Youngho | Jadavpur Univ, Dept Informat Technol, Kolkata 700098, India; Int Inst Informat Technol, Ctr Secur Theory & Algorithm Res, Hyderabad 500032, India; King Khalid Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Math, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia; Fed Univ Piaui UFPI, BR-64049550 Teresina Pi, Brazil; Inst Telecomunicacoes, P-6201001 Covilha, Portugal; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea | ; Rodrigues, Joel/A-8103-2013; Das, Ashok Kumar/U-2790-2019; Banerjee, Soumya/AAD-3011-2019; Jamal, Sajjad/AHE-6498-2022; Chattopadhyay, Samiran/AAW-3145-2021 | 55477346700; 55450732800; 55424776200; 57198092048; 25930566300; 56962990300 | soumyabanerjee@outlook.in;ashok.das@iiit.ac.in;samiranc@gmail.com;shussain@kku.edu.sa;joeljr@ieee.org;parkyh@knu.ac.kr; | ELECTRONICS | ELECTRONICS-SWITZ | 2079-9292 | 10 | 12 | SCIE | COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;PHYSICS, APPLIED | 2021 | 2.69 | 50.2 | 1.23 | 2025-07-30 | 18 | 25 | Internet of Things (IoT); fog computing; failover; security; privacy; authentication | KEY AGREEMENT SCHEME; REMOTE USER AUTHENTICATION; INTERNET; PROTOCOL; SECURE; EXCHANGE; DESIGN; MANAGEMENT; EFFICIENT; ANONYMITY | Authentication; Failover; Fog computing; Internet of Things (IoT); Privacy; Security | English | 2021 | 2021-06 | 10.3390/electronics10121417 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | |||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Method for Obtaining Better Traffic Survey Data | Road traffic surveys determine the number and type of vehicles passing by a specific point over a certain period of time. The manual estimation of the number and type of vehicles from images captured by a camera is the most commonly used method. However, this method has the disadvantage of requiring high amounts of manpower and cost. Recently, methods of automating traffic volume surveys using sensors or deep learning have been widely attempted, but there is the disadvantage that a person must finally manually verify the data in order to ensure that they are reliable. In order to address these shortcomings, we propose a method for efficiently conducting road traffic volume surveys and obtaining highly reliable data. The proposed method detects vehicles on the road from CCTV (Closed-circuit television) images and classifies vehicle types using deep learning or a similar method. After that, it automatically informs the user of candidates with a high probability of error and provides a method for efficient verification. The performance of the proposed method was tested using a data set collected by an actual road traffic survey company. As a result, we proved that our method shows better accuracy than the previous method. The proposed method can reduce the labor and cost in road traffic volume surveys, and increase the reliability of the data due to more accurate results. | Kang, Mi-Seon; Kim, Pyong-Kun; Lim, Kil-Taek; Cho, You-Ze | Elect & Telecommun Res Inst ETRI, Daegu 42994, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Grad Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Sch Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea | 55849117000; 57195941140; 7403175725; 7404469829 | tams37@etri.re.kr;iros@etri.re.kr;ktl@etri.re.kr;yzcho@knu.ac.kr; | ELECTRONICS | ELECTRONICS-SWITZ | 2079-9292 | 10 | 7 | SCIE | COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;PHYSICS, APPLIED | 2021 | 2.69 | 50.2 | 0.19 | 2025-07-30 | 3 | 4 | verification method; deep learning; vehicle classification; vehicle count | VEHICLE; CLASSIFICATION | Deep learning; Vehicle classification; Vehicle count; Verification method | English | 2021 | 2021-04 | 10.3390/electronics10070833 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Mitigating Broadcasting Storm Using Multihead Nomination Clustering in Vehicular Content Centric Networks | Vehicles are highly mobile nodes; therefore, they frequently change their topology. To maintain a stable connection with the server in high-speed vehicular networks, the handover process is restarted again to satisfy the content requests. To satisfy the requested content, a vehicular-content-centric network (VCCN) is proposed. The proposed scheme adopts in-network caching instead of destination-based routing to satisfy the requests. In this regard, various routing protocols have been proposed to increase the communication efficiency of VCCN. Despite disruptive communication links due to head vehicle mobility, the vehicles create a broadcasting storm that increases communication delay and packet drop fraction. To address the issues mentioned above in the VCCN, we proposed a multihead nomination clustering scheme. It extends the hello packet header to get the vehicle information from the cluster vehicles. The novel cluster information table (CIT) has been proposed to maintain several nominated head vehicles of a cluster on roadside units (RSUs). In disruptive communication links due to the head vehicle's mobility, the RSU nominates the new head vehicle using CIT entries, resulting in the elimination of the broadcasting storm effect on disruptive communication links. Finally, the proposed scheme increases the successful communication rate, decreases the communication delay, and ensures a high cache success ratio on an increasing number of vehicles. | Siddiqa, Ayesha; Diyan, Muhammad; Khan, Muhammad Toaha Raza; Saad, Malik Muhammad; Kim, Dongkyun | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Comp Sci & Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea | ; Saad, Malik/ABF-9433-2021; Diyan, Muhammad/AAM-5848-2021; Khan, Muhammad Toaha Raza/KXR-8209-2024; Khan, Turyalai/HPH-0061-2023 | 57811639800; 26028317800; 57202044597; 57220715290; 35753648800 | asiddiqa@knu.ac.kr;m.diyan@knu.ac.kr;toaha@knu.ac.kr;maliksaad@knu.ac.kr;dongkyun@knu.ac.kr; | ELECTRONICS | ELECTRONICS-SWITZ | 2079-9292 | 10 | 18 | SCIE | COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;PHYSICS, APPLIED | 2021 | 2.69 | 50.2 | 0.32 | 2025-07-30 | 3 | 5 | vehicular content centric network (VCCN); pending interest table (PIT); cluster information table (CIT); roadside units (RSU); hello packet (HP) | SAFETY | Cluster information table (CIT); Hello packet (HP); Pending interest table (PIT); Roadside units (RSU); Vehicular content centric network (VCCN) | English | 2021 | 2021-09 | 10.3390/electronics10182270 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | |||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Multi-Input Deep Learning Based FMCW Radar Signal Classification | In autonomous driving vehicles, the emergency braking system uses lidar or radar sensors to recognize the surrounding environment and prevent accidents. The conventional classifiers based on radar data using deep learning are single input structures using range-Doppler maps or micro-Doppler. Deep learning with a single input structure has limitations in improving classification performance. In this paper, we propose a multi-input classifier based on convolutional neural network (CNN) to reduce the amount of computation and improve the classification performance using the frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar. The proposed multi-input deep learning structure is a CNN-based structure using a distance Doppler map and a point cloud map as multiple inputs. The classification accuracy with the range-Doppler map or the point cloud map is 85% and 92%, respectively. It has been improved to 96% with both maps. | Cha, Daewoong; Jeong, Sohee; Yoo, Minwoo; Oh, Jiyong; Han, Dongseog | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, 80 Daehak Ro, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Elect & Telecommun Res Inst ETRI, Daegu Gyeongbuk Res Ctr, 1 Techno Sunhwan Ro 10 Gil, Daegu 42994, South Korea | Jeong, Sohee/D-4647-2019; Oh, Jiyong/LRT-2616-2024; Han, Dong Seog/N-8949-2018 | 57202576121; 57223346351; 57216618843; 24503461800; 7403219442 | dwcha@knu.ac.kr;soheej@knu.ac.kr;ydn7415@knu.ac.kr;jiyongoh@etri.re.kr;dshan@knu.ac.kr; | ELECTRONICS | ELECTRONICS-SWITZ | 2079-9292 | 10 | 10 | SCIE | COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;PHYSICS, APPLIED | 2021 | 2.69 | 50.2 | 1.17 | 2025-07-30 | 18 | 24 | frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar; deep learning; classification | RECOGNITION | Classification; Deep learning; Frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar | English | 2021 | 2021-05 | 10.3390/electronics10101144 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | |||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Neural Network Based Robust Lateral Control for an Autonomous Vehicle | The lateral motion of an Automated Vehicle (AV) is highly affected by the model's uncertainties and unknown external disturbances during its navigation in adverse environmental conditions. Among the variety of controllers, the sliding mode controller (SMC), known for its robustness towards disturbances, is considered to generate a robust control signal under uncertainties. However, conventional SMC suffers from the issue of high frequency oscillations, called chattering. To address the issue of chattering and reduce the effect of unknown external disturbances in the absence of precise model information, a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) is employed to estimate the equivalent control. Further, a higher order sliding mode (HOSM) based switching control is proposed in this paper to compensate for the effect of external disturbances. The effectiveness of the proposed controller in terms of lane-keeping and lateral stability is demonstrated through simulation in a high-fidelity Carsim-Matlab Simulink environment under a variety of road and environmental conditions. | Swain, Subrat Kumar; Rath, Jagat J.; Veluvolu, Kalyana C. | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Grad Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Inst Infrastruct Technol Res & Management, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ahmadabad 380026, Gujarat, India; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea | Veluvolu, Kalyana Chakravarthy/C-6366-2011; Rath, Jagat/AAF-6698-2019; Swain, Subrat Kumar/GWR-3747-2022; Veluvolu, Kalyana/C-6366-2011; Rath, Jagat Jyoti/H-8639-2013 | 57196716965; 55904945200; 8703318200 | skswain@knu.ac.kr;jagatjyoti.rath@gmail.com;veluvolu@ee.knu.ac.kr; | ELECTRONICS | ELECTRONICS-SWITZ | 2079-9292 | 10 | 4 | SCIE | COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;PHYSICS, APPLIED | 2021 | 2.69 | 50.2 | 1.82 | 2025-07-30 | 21 | 29 | Automated Vehicle; higher order sliding mode; radial basis function neural network; lane-keeping; lateral stability | Automated Vehicle; Higher order sliding mode; Lane-keeping; Lateral stability; Radial basis function neural network | English | 2021 | 2021-02 | 10.3390/electronics10040510 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 |
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