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WoS SCOPUS Document Type Document Title Abstract Authors Affiliation ResearcherID (WoS) AuthorsID (SCOPUS) Author Email(s) Journal Name JCR Abbreviation ISSN eISSN Volume Issue WoS Edition WoS Category JCR Year IF JCR (%) FWCI FWCI Update Date WoS Citation SCOPUS Citation Keywords (WoS) KeywordsPlus (WoS) Keywords (SCOPUS) KeywordsPlus (SCOPUS) Language Publication Stage Publication Year Publication Date DOI JCR Link DOI Link WOS Link SCOPUS Link
Article Melatonin inhibits glycolysis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by downregulating mitochondrial respiration and mTORC1 activity Various mechanisms have been suggested to explain the chemopreventive and tumor-inhibitory effects of melatonin. Despite the growing evidence supporting melatonin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, it remains largely unknown how this phenomenon modulates metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells. The aim of our study was to identify the mechanism underlying the anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of melatonin, which is known to inhibit glycolysis. We analyzed the time-dependent effects of melatonin on mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis in liver cancer cells. The results showed that from a cell bioenergetic point of view, melatonin caused an acute reduction in mitochondrial respiration, however, increased reactive oxygen species production, thereby inhibiting mTORC1 activity from an early stage post-treatment without affecting glycolysis. Nevertheless, administration of melatonin for a longer time reduced expression of c-Myc protein, thereby suppressing glycolysis via downregulation of HK2 and LDHA. The data presented herein suggest that melatonin suppresses mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis simultaneously in HCC cells, leading to anti-cancer effects. Thus, melatonin can be used as an adjuvant agent for therapy of liver cancer. [BMB Reports 2022; 55(9): 459-464] Lee, Seunghyeong; Byun, Jun-Kyu; Kim, Na-Young; Jin, Jonghwa; Woo, Hyein; Choi, Yeon-Kyung; Park, Keun-Gyu Kyungpook Natl Univ, Grad Sch, Dept Biomed Sci, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, KNU Convergence Educ Program Biomed Sci Creat Fut, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Coll Pharm, Res Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Kyungpook Natl Univ Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Daegu 41944, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Res Inst Aging & Metab, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Chilgok Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Daegu 41404, South Korea ; Kim, Na-young/KHU-6533-2024 57204501802; 57190427423; 57201292256; 57223246243; 57214147876; 35335932600; 57202558343 ykchoi@knu.ac.kr;kpark@knu.ac.kr;kchoi@knu.ac.kr; BMB REPORTS BMB REP 1976-6696 1976-670X 55 9 SCIE BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022 3.8 46.8 1.46 2025-06-25 14 17 Glycolysis; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Melatonin; mTORC1 CANCER; METABOLISM Glycolysis; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Melatonin; Mtorc1 Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cell Line, Tumor; Glycolysis; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; Melatonin; Mitochondria; Reactive Oxygen Species; Respiration; mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1; melatonin; reactive oxygen metabolite; breathing; glycolysis; human; liver cell carcinoma; liver tumor; metabolism; mitochondrion; tumor cell line English 2022 2022-09-30 10.5483/bmbrep.2022.55.9.177 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Review Odorant receptors in cancer Odorant receptors (ORs), the largest subfamily of G protein coupled receptors, detect odorants in the nose. In addition, ORs were recently shown to be expressed in many nonolfactory tissues and cells, indicating that these receptors have physiological and pathophysiological roles beyond olfaction. Many ORs are expressed by tumor cells and tissues, suggesting that they may be associated with cancer progression or may be cancer biomarkers. This review describes OR expression in various types of cancer and the association of these receptors with various types of signaling mechanisms. In addition, the clinical relevance and significance of the levels of OR expression were evaluated. Namely, levels of OR expression in cancer were analyzed based on RNA-sequencing data reported in the Cancer Genome Atlas; OR expression patterns were visualized using t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE); and the associations between patient survival and levels of OR expression were analyzed. These analyses of the relationships between patient survival and expression patterns obtained from an open mRNA database in cancer patients indicate that ORs may be cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Chung, Chan; Cho, Hee Jin; Lee, ChaeEun; Koo, JaeHyung DGIST, Dept New Biol, Daegu 42988, South Korea; DGIST, New Biol Res Ctr NBRC, Daegu 42988, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Biomed Convergence Sci & Technol, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Cell & Matrix Res Inst, Daegu 41944, South Korea; Korea Brain Res Inst KBRI, Daegu 41062, South Korea Koo, JaeHyung/R-3036-2019 54395293300; 55937716400; 57205608214; 8610443800 chungc@dgist.ac.kr;jkoo001@dgist.ac.kr; BMB REPORTS BMB REP 1976-6696 1976-670X 55 2 SCIE BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022 3.8 46.8 2.57 2025-06-25 29 30 Cancer; Ectopic expression; Odorant receptor (OR); TCGA; t-SNE PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; PROSTATE-CANCER; OLFACTORY RECEPTORS; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; INHIBITS PROLIFERATION; D-GPCR; EXPRESSION; PSGR; ACTIVATION; CELLS Cancer; Ectopic expression; Odorant receptor (or); T sne; Tcga Biomarkers, Tumor; Humans; Neoplasms; Odorants; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Receptors, Odorant; Smell; fragrance; G protein coupled receptor; tumor marker; genetics; human; metabolism; neoplasm; odor; olfactory receptor English 2022 2022-02-28 10.5483/bmbrep.2022.55.2.010 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Protein Kinase CK2 Is Upregulated by Calorie Restriction and Induces Autophagy Calorie restriction (CR) and the activation of autophagy extend healthspan by delaying the onset of age-associated diseases in most living organisms. Because protein kinase CK2 (CK2) downregulation induces cellular senescence and nematode aging, we investigated CK2's role in CR and autophagy. This study indicated that CR upregulated CK2's expression, thereby causing SIRT1 and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. CK2 alpha overexpression, including antisense inhibitors of miR-186, miR-216b, miR-337-3p, and miR-760, stimulated autophagy initiation and nucleation markers (increase in ATG5, ATG7, LC3BII, beclin-1, and Ulk1, and decrease in SQSTM1/p62). The SIRT1 deacetylase, AKT, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), AMPK, and forkhead homeobox type O (FoxO) 3a were involved in CK2-mediated autophagy. The treatment with the AKT inhibitor triciribine, the AMPK activator AICAR, or the SIRT1 activator resveratrol rescued a reduction in the expression of lgg-1 (the Caenorhabditis elegans ortholog of LC3B), bec-1 (the C. elegans ortholog of beclin-1), and unc-51 (the C. elegans ortholog of Ulk1), mediated by kin-10 (the C. elegans ortholog of CK2 beta) knockdown in nematodes. Thus, this study indicated that CK2 acted as a positive regulator in CR and autophagy, thereby suggesting that these four miRs' antisense inhibitors can be used as CR mimetics or autophagy inducers. Park, Jeong-Woo; Jeong, Jihyeon; Bae, Young-Seuk Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Life Sci, BK21 FOUR KNU Creat BioRes Grp, Daegu 41566, South Korea Bae, Youn-Sang/G-8073-2012 57202928272; 57490548200; 8230659600 ysbae@knu.ac.kr; MOLECULES AND CELLS MOL CELLS 1016-8478 0219-1032 45 3 SCIE BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY;CELL BIOLOGY 2022 3.8 46.8 1.94 2025-06-25 23 23 autophagy; calorie restriction; CK2; SIRT1 HUMAN COLON-CANCER; REGULATION-MEDIATED SENESCENCE; DOWN-REGULATION; CELLULAR SENESCENCE; CKII; DISEASE; MECHANISMS; DEGRADATION; MODULATION; MIMETICS autophagy; calorie restriction; CK2; SIRT1 AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Autophagy; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caloric Restriction; Casein Kinase II; Cellular Senescence; 5 amino 4 imidazolecarboxamide riboside; 5 amino 4 imidazolecarboxamide riboside phosphate; autophagy related protein 5; autophagy related protein 7; beclin 1; casein kinase II; microRNA; phosvitin; protein kinase B; resveratrol; sequestosome 1; serine threonine protein kinase ULK1; sirtuin 1; transcription factor FOXO; triciribine; casein kinase II; hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase kinase; Article; autophagy (cellular); Caenorhabditis elegans; caloric restriction; cell aging; controlled study; down regulation; enzyme activation; gene silencing; genetic marker; homeobox; human; human cell; nematode; nonhuman; orthology; protein expression; upregulation; animal; autophagy; genetics; metabolism English 2022 2022-03 10.14348/molcells.2021.0183 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Review SUMO pathway is required for ribosome biogenesis Ribosomes, acting as the cellular factories for protein produc-tion, are essential for all living organisms. Ribosomes are com-posed of both proteins and RNAs and are established through the coordination of several steps, including transcription, matu-ration of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and assembly of ribosomal proteins. In particular, diverse factors required for ribosome biogenesis, such as transcription factors, small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA)-associated proteins, and assembly factors, are tightly regulated by various post-translational modifications. Among these modifications, small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) targets lots of proteins required for gene expression of riboso-mal proteins, rRNA, and snoRNAs, rRNA processing, and ribo-some assembly. The tight control of SUMOylation affects func-tions and locations of substrates. This review summarizes cur-rent studies and recent progress of SUMOylation-mediated re-gulation of ribosome biogenesis. [BMB Reports 2022; 55(11): 535-540] Ryu, Hong-Yeoul Kyungpook Natl Univ, Coll Natl Sci, Sch Life Sci, FOUR KNU Creat Biores Grp BK21, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Brain Sci & Engn Inst, Daegu 41566, South Korea 55889917800 rhr4757@knu.ac.kr; BMB REPORTS BMB REP 1976-6696 1976-670X 55 11 SCIE BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022 3.8 46.8 0.86 2025-06-25 10 10 Ribosome assembly factor; Ribosome biogenesis; Ribo-somal protein; rRNA; snoRNA; SUMO SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; PROTEIN SUMOYLATION; HISTONE SUMOYLATION; NUCLEAR EXPORT; TRANSCRIPTION; EXPRESSION; IDENTIFICATION; BINDING; MUTATIONS; COMPLEX Ribosomal protein; Ribosome assembly factor; Ribosome biogenesis; Rrna; Snorna; Sumo Ribosomal Proteins; Ribosomes; RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional; RNA, Small Nucleolar; Ubiquitin; ribosome protein; small nucleolar RNA; ubiquitin; genetics; metabolism; ribosome; RNA processing English 2022 2022-11-30 10.5483/bmbrep.2022.55.11.130 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article The prominin-like Gene Expressed in a Subset of Dopaminergic Neurons Regulates Locomotion in Drosophila CD133, also known as prominin-1, was first identified as a biomarker of mammalian cancer and neural stem cells. Previous studies have shown that the prominin-like (promL) gene, an orthologue of mammalian CD133 in Drosophila, plays a role in glucose and lipid metabolism, body growth, and longevity. Because locomotion is required for food sourcing and ultimately the regulation of metabolism, we examined the function of promL in Drosophila locomotion. Both promL mutants and pan-neuronal promL inhibition flies displayed reduced spontaneous locomotor activity. As dopamine is known to modulate locomotion, we also examined the effects of promL inhibition on the dopamine concentration and mRNA expression levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and DOPA decarboxylase (Ddc), the enzymes responsible for dopamine biosynthesis, in the heads of flies. Compared with those in control flies, the levels of dopamine and the mRNAs encoding TH and Ddc were lower in promL mutant and pan-neuronal promL inhibition flies. In addition, an immunostaining analysis revealed that, compared with control flies, promL mutant and pan-neuronal promL inhibition flies had lower levels of the TH protein in protocerebral anterior medial (PAM) neurons, a subset of dopaminergic neurons. Inhibition of promL in these PAM neurons reduced the locomotor activity of the flies. Overall, these findings indicate that promL expressed in PAM dopaminergic neurons regulates locomotion by controlling dopamine synthesis in Drosophila. Ryu, Tae Hoon; Subramanian, Manivannan; Yeom, Eunbyul; Yu, Kweon Korea Res Inst Biosci & Biotechnol KRIBB, Dis Target Res Ctr, Metab & Neurophysiol Res Grp, Daejeon 34141, South Korea; Univ Sci & Technol UST, Dept Funct Genom, Daejeon 34113, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Sch Life Sci, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Life Sci, BK21 FOUR KNU Creat BioRes Grp, Daegu 41566, South Korea ; Subramanian, Manivannan/AAH-2477-2021 57211031288; 57211032179; 56058004100; 7403385545 kweonyu@kribb.re.kr; MOLECULES AND CELLS MOL CELLS 1016-8478 0219-1032 45 9 SCIE BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY;CELL BIOLOGY 2022 3.8 46.8 0.59 2025-06-25 6 7 dopamine; Drosophila; locomotion; prominin-like; protocerebral anterior medial neurons POLYTOPIC MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; PATHWAY; MICROVILLI; MECHANISMS; RETENTION; REVEALS dopamine; Drosophila; locomotion; prominin-like; protocerebral anterior medial neurons AC133 Antigen; Animals; Dopamine; Dopaminergic Neurons; Drosophila; Drosophila melanogaster; Drosophila Proteins; Locomotion; Mammals; aromatic levo amino acid decarboxylase; CD133 antigen; dopamine; messenger RNA; tyrosine 3 monooxygenase; CD133 antigen; dopamine; Drosophila protein; animal experiment; Article; controlled study; dopamine metabolism; dopaminergic nerve cell; Drosophila; immunohistochemistry; immunoreactivity; locomotion; mRNA expression level; nonhuman; protein expression; animal; dopaminergic nerve cell; Drosophila; Drosophila melanogaster; genetics; locomotion; mammal; metabolism English 2022 2022-09 10.14348/molcells.2022.0006 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Wnt/B-catenin signaling activator restores hair regeneration suppressed by diabetes mellitus Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent diseases in modern society. Many complicationssuch as hepatic cirrhosis, neuropathy, cardiac infarction, and so on are associated with diabetes. Although a relationship between diabetes and hair loss has been recently reported, the treatment of diabetic hair loss by Wnt/B-catenin activators has not been achieved yet. In this study, we found that the depilation-induced anagen phase was delayed in both db/db mice and high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. In diabetic mice, both hair regrowth and wound-induced hair follicle neogene-sis (WIHN) were reduced because of suppression of Wnt/B- catenin signaling and decreased proliferation of hair follicle cells. We identified that KY19382, a small molecule that acti-vates Wnt/B-catenin signaling, restored the capabilities of re-growth and WIHN in diabetic mice. The Wnt/B-catenin signal-ing activator also increased the length of the human hair fol-licle which was decreased under high glucose culture condi-tions. Overall, the diabetic condition reduced both hair regrowth and regeneration with suppression of the Wnt/B-catenin signal-ing pathway. Consequently, the usage of Wnt/B-catenin signaling activators could be a potential strategy to treat diabetes-induced alopecia patients. [BMB Reports 2022; 55(11): 559-564] Ryu, Yeong Chan; Kim, You-rin; Park, Jiyeon; Choi, Sehee; Kim, Geon-Uk; Kim, Eunhwan; Hwang, Yumi; Kim, Heejene; Bak, Soon Sun; Lee, Jin Eun; Sung, Young Kwan; Han, Gyoonhee; Lee, Soung-Hoon; Choi, Kang-Yell Yonsei Univ, Coll Life Sci & Biotechnol, Dept Biotechnol, Seoul 03722, South Korea; CK Regeon Inc, Engn Res Pk, Seoul 03722, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Immunol, Daegu 41944, South Korea ; Han, Gyoonhee/NJS-8475-2025; Lee, Seung/AAI-1191-2020 57223200034; 57223191022; 57223193489; 57157690200; 57800595300; 57215022047; 57802061100; 57845111700; 41561065700; 57986945900; 55663365300; 7202923442; 26322530000; 7403949379 sexyondal@gmail.com;kychoi@yonsei.ac.kr; BMB REPORTS BMB REP 1976-6696 1976-670X 55 11 SCIE BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022 3.8 46.8 0.94 2025-06-25 9 11 Diabetes mellitus; Hair induction capability; Hair loss; Wnt; B-catenin signaling; Wound-induced hair follicle neogenesis ALOPECIA-AREATA; FOLLICLE NEOGENESIS; CELLS Diabetes mellitus; Hair induction capability; Hair loss; Wnt/β-catenin signaling; Wound-induced hair follicle neogenesis Alopecia; Animals; beta Catenin; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Hair; Hair Follicle; Humans; Mice; Wnt Signaling Pathway; beta catenin; alopecia; animal; experimental diabetes mellitus; hair; hair follicle; human; metabolism; mouse; physiology; Wnt signaling English 2022 2022-11-30 10.5483/bmbrep.2022.55.11.081 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Alterations and Prediction of Functional Profiles of Gut Microbiota After Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Iranian Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection with Underlying Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Pilot Study Background and Purpose: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has emerged for the therapeutic treatment of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) with concurrent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). As the first Iranian population cohort, we examined how gut microbiota and their functional profiles change in Iranian rCDI patients with underlying IBD before and after FMT. Patients and Methods: FMT was performed to eight IBD patients via colonoscopy. Profiles of gut microbiota from donors and recipients were investigated using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Results: Patients experienced no IBD flare-ups or other adverse effects, and all recovered to full health. Moreover, all rCDI patients lacked the Bacteroidetes present in donor samples. After FMT, the proportion of Bacteroidetes increased until a normal range was achieved. More specifically, the relative abundance of Prevotella was found to increase significantly following FMT. Prevotella was also found to correlate negatively with inflammation metrics, suggesting that Prevotella may be a key factor for resolving CDI and IBD. Gut microbiota diversity was found to increase following FMT, while dysbiosis decreased. However, the similarity of microbial communities of host and recipients did not increase, and wide variation in the extent of donor stool engraftment indicated that the gut bacterial communities of recipients do not shift towards those of donors. Conclusion: FMT leads to significant alterations of the community structure of gut bacteria in rCDI patients with IBD. The change in relative abundance of Proteobacteria and bacterial diversity indicated that FMT promotes recovery from intestinal permeability and inflammation in rCDI patients. Moreover, strong negative correlation between Prevotella and inflammation index, and decreased dysbiosis index advocate that the improvement of CDI is possibly due to gut microbiome alteration. Collectively, our findings show that FMT would be a promising therapy to help reprogram the gut microbiome of Iranian rCDI patients with IBD. © 2022 Azimirad et al. Azimirad, Masoumeh; Jo, Youngjae; Kim, Min-Sueng; Jeong, Minsoo; Shahrokh, Shabnam; Aghdaei, Hamid Asadzadeh; Zali, Mohammad Reza; Lee, Seungjun; Yadegar, Abbas; Shin, Jae-Ho Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea; Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea; Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea; Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea; Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea 37080146500; 57214743390; 57224861638; 57292954900; 55361332200; 55089994200; 57207799934; 56437333700; 26658798500; 57224125922 Journal of Inflammation Research J INFLAMM RES N/A 1178-7031 15 SCIE IMMUNOLOGY 2022 4.5 46.9 1.33 2025-06-25 16 Clostridioides difficile infection; Fecal microbiota transplantation; Functional profiles; Gut dysbiosis; Gut microbiome; Inflammatory bowel disease RNA 16S; adult; Article; Bacteroidetes; clinical article; Clostridium difficile infection; colonoscopy; controlled study; donor; dysbiosis; fecal microbiota transplantation; feces; female; gene sequence; host; human; inflammatory bowel disease; intestine flora; Iran; Iranian (citizen); Iranian people; male; microbial diversity; nonhuman; pilot study; population abundance; prediction; Prevotella; recipient; recurrent infection; RNA gene English Final 2022 10.2147/jir.s338212 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article The impact of belongingness and graphic-based emoticon usage motives on emoticon purchase intentions for MIM: an analysis of Korean KakaoTalk users Purpose - Although graphic-based emoticons in mobile instant messenger (MIM) services became an important revenue source for their service provider, empirical research investigating factors influencing graphic-based emoticon purchase from the consumer's perspective is insufficient. The authors explore how user's achieved belongingness (acceptance or rejection) affects graphic based emoticon usage motivations and its purchase intentions. Design/methodology/approach - A structural model is used to examine the relationship among individual's overall achieved belongingness, motivation factors of graphic-based emoticon usage in MIM such as perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, perceived enjoyment for others, social norm and emoticon purchase intentions. The authors collected and analyzed survey data of 279 Korean KakaoTalk users. Findings - The analysis shows that perceived acceptance/inclusion positively impacts perceived usefulness, enjoyment and enjoyment of others in graphic-based emoticon usage. Meanwhile, perceived rejection/exclusion positively impacts perceived enjoyment and enjoyment of others but negatively influences perceived social norms. Moreover, social norms and perceived enjoyment directly affect graphic-based emoticon purchase intentions. The authors also find that perceived enjoyment of others and perceived social norms in a serial causal order mediate the relationship between perceived acceptance/inclusion (and rejection/exclusion) and emoticon purchase intentions. Research limitations/implications - Additional research including users from other demographic groups, such as other age groups, is required to generalize our findings and to increase external validity. Originality/value - Unique implications related to the role of user's achieved belongingness and perceived enjoyment of others in graphic-based emoticon usage in purchase intentions are found. Peer review - The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/ 10.1108/OIR-02-2020-0036 Jung, Bohee; Kim, Hanku; Lee, Seung Hwan (Shawn) Hannam Univ, Dept Business Adm, Daejeon, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Business Adm, Daegu, South Korea; Ajou Univ, Sch Business, Suwon, South Korea 57195428528; 57195427228; 56336942500 bohee@hnu.kr;hangu19@knu.ac.kr;slee33@ajou.ac.kr; ONLINE INFORMATION REVIEW ONLINE INFORM REV 1468-4527 1468-4535 46 2 SCIE;SSCI COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS;INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE 2022 3.1 47.0 1.4 2025-06-25 16 14 Mobile instant messenger; Achieved belongingness; Emoticon usage motives; Emoticon purchase intention COMPUTER-MEDIATED COMMUNICATION; TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL; CONSPICUOUS CONSUMPTION; PERCEIVED USEFULNESS; SELF-PRESENTATION; SOCIAL PRESENCE; FACEBOOK; INTERNET; BEHAVIOR; NEED Achieved belongingness; Emoticon purchase intention; Emoticon usage motives; Mobile instant messenger Motivation; Purchasing; Demographic groups; Design/methodology/approach; Empirical research; External validities; Perceived enjoyment; Perceived usefulness; Purchase intention; Structural modeling; article; demography; external validity; groups by age; human; motivation; peer review; social norm; structural model; Sales English 2022 2022-03-09 10.1108/oir-02-2020-0036 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Effect of Microwave Irradiation on the Catalytic Activity of Tetragonal Zirconia: Selective Hydrogenation of Aldehyde Tetragonal zirconia was synthesized through microwave modified method and screened for the model reaction (hydrogenation of octanal to octanol) in self-design microwave reactor in a solvent-free system. The catalyst shows microwave cooperative activity with high selectivity toward desire products. The same reaction was also performed under conventional heating system in Parr reactor. The microwave protocol was found more effective in term of conversion and selectivity under optimal reaction conditions. The enhance activity is due to enormous reducing sites production on the surface triggered by microwave irradiation. Here, the mechanism of acidic site population on the surface was comprehensively investigated and correlated with catalyst efficiency. The gas chromatographic studies revealed the formation of octanol as a major product while other small peaks reflect the formation of byproducts C16 aldol, C16 alpha, beta-unsaturated aldehyde and C24 acetal. Thus, the tetragonal zirconia can be used for the conversion of aldehyde to alcohol under microwave irradiation efficiently. Iqbal, Zaffar; Sadiq, Saima; Sadiq, Muhammad; Khan, Idrees; Saeed, Khalid Univ Malakand, Dept Chem, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan; Bacha Khan Univ, Dept Chem, Charsadda 24420, Pakistan; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Chem, Daegu 41566, South Korea ; Sadiq, Saima/JAN-6421-2023; Saeed, Khalid/MVZ-2063-2025; Sadiq, Muhammad/ABG-5017-2020; Khan, Idrees/ABW-6018-2022 57212328466; 59029170800; 14627798100; 56124113300; 56875271500 sadiq@uom.edu.pk;khalidkhalil2002@yahoo.com; ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ARAB J SCI ENG 2193-567X 2191-4281 47 5 SCIE MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES 2022 2.9 47.3 0.43 2025-06-25 6 6 Microwave; Zirconia; Hydrogenation; Aldehyde ACIDITY; PHASE; ADSORPTION; REDUCTION; EFFICIENT; GLYCEROL; DIOXIDE Aldehyde; Hydrogenation; Microwave; Zirconia English 2022 2022-05 10.1007/s13369-021-05712-6 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Detection of a novel porcine circovirus 4 in Korean pig herds using a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay A novel porcine circovirus 4 has been recently identified in China and Korea. A sensitive and specific diagnostic method is urgently required to detect the virus in field samples. We developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) the assay for the visual detection of PCV4 and evaluated its sensitivity, specificity, and applicability in clinical samples. This assay's results can be directly visualized by the naked eye using hydroxynaphthol blue after incubation for 40 min at 64 degrees C. The assay specifically amplified PCV4 DNA and no other viral nucleic acids. The sensitivity of the assay was <50 DNA copies/reaction, which was 10 times more sensitive than conventional polymerase chain reaction (cPCR) and comparable to real-time PCR (qPCR). Clinical evaluation revealed that the PCV4 detection rate in individual pig samples and at the farm level was 39.3 % (57/145) and 45.7 % (32/70), respectively, which were higher than cPCR (46 samples, 24 farms) and qPCR (52 samples, 29 farms) results. Cumulatively, owing to the advantages of high sensitivity and specificity, direct visual monitoring of the results, no possibility for cross-contamination, and being a low-cost equipment, the developed LAMP assay will be a valuable tool for the detection of the novel PCV4 in clinical samples, even in resourcelimited laboratories. Kim, Da-Young; Kim, Hye-Ryung; Park, Jong-Hyun; Kwon, Na -Young; Kim, Jong-Min; Kim, Jae-Kyeom; Park, Ji-hoon; Lee, Kyoung-Ki; Kim, Seong-Hee; Kim, Won-Il; Lyoo, Young S.; Park, Choi-Kyu Kyungpook Natl Univ, Coll Vet Med, 80 Daehakro, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Anim Dis Intervent Ctr, 80 Daehakro, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Anim & Plant Quarantine Agcy, Gimcheon 39660, Gyeongsangbuk D, South Korea; DIVA Bio Incorp, Daegu 41519, South Korea; Jeonbuk Natl Univ, Coll Vet Med, Iksan 54596, South Korea; Konkuk Univ, Coll Vet Med, Seoul 05029, South Korea 57195573426; 57195772612; 57210160562; 36561893400; 57277964700; 57277798700; 59872066600; 38163138800; 34769762800; 55730056800; 35501431200; 24768064900 parkck@knu.ac.kr; JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS J VIROL METHODS 0166-0934 1879-0984 299 SCIE BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS;BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY;VIROLOGY 2022 3.1 47.4 2.7 2025-06-25 30 27 Porcine circovirus 4; Loop-mediated isothermal amplification; Visual monitoring DIAGNOSIS; TYPE-3; LAMP Loop-mediated isothermal amplification; Porcine circovirus 4; Visual monitoring Animals; Circovirus; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sensitivity and Specificity; Swine; Swine Diseases; Article; Circovirus; controlled study; copy number variation; herd; incubation time; Korea; loop mediated isothermal amplification; nonhuman; pig; pig farming; real time polymerase chain reaction; sensitivity and specificity; virus detection; animal; genetics; molecular diagnosis; nucleic acid amplification techniques; pig; procedures; swine disease English 2022 2022-01 10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114350 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Determination of the Unilaterally Damaged Region May Depend on the Asymmetry of Carotid Blood Flow Velocity in Hemiparkinsonian Monkey: A Pilot Study The hemiparkinsonian nonhuman primate model induced by unilateral injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) into the carotid artery is used to study Parkinson's disease. However, there have been no studies that the contralateral distribution of MPTP via the cerebral collateral circulation is provided by both the circle of Willis (CoW) and connections of the carotid artery. To investigate whether MPTP-induced unilaterally damaged regions were determined by asymmetrical cerebral blood flow, the differential asymmetric damage of striatal subregions, and examined structural asymmetries in a circle of Willis, and blood flow velocity of the common carotid artery were observed in three monkeys that were infused with MPTP through the left internal carotid artery. Lower flow velocity in the ipsilateral common carotid artery and a higher ratio of ipsilateral middle cerebral artery diameter to anterior cerebral artery diameter resulted in unilateral damage. Additionally, the unilateral damaged monkey observed the apomorphine-induced contralateral rotation behavior and the temporary increase of plasma RANTES. Contrastively, higher flow velocity in the ipsilateral common carotid artery was observed in the bilateral damaged monkey. It is suggested that asymmetry of blood flow velocity and structural asymmetry of the circle of Willis should be taken into consideration when establishing more efficient hemiparkinsonian nonhuman primate models. Seo, Jincheol; Lim, Kyung Seob; Jeon, Chang-Yeop; Baek, SeungHo; Yeo, Hyeon-Gu; Choi, Won Seok; Park, Sung-Hyun; Jeong, Kang Jin; Won, Jinyoung; Kim, Keonwoo; Park, Junghyung; Cho, Jiyeon; Seong, Jung Bae; Kim, Minji; Kim, Yu Gyeong; Huh, Jae-Won; Kim, Samhwan; Lim, Yong Hoon; Park, Hyung Woo; Tak, Hye Min; Heo, Man Seong; Choi, Ji-Woong; Paek, Sun Ha; Lee, Youngjeon Korea Res Inst Biosci & Biotechnol KRIBB, Natl Primate Res Ctr, Daejeon 28116, South Korea; KRIBB, Futurist Anim Resource & Res Ctr, Daejeon 28116, South Korea; Korea Univ Sci & Technol, KRIBB Sch Biosci, Dept Funct Genom, Daejeon 34113, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Life Sci, Plus KNU Creat Biores Grp BK21, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Daegu Gyeongbuk Inst Sci & Technol, Brain Engn Convergence Res Ctr, Daegu 42988, South Korea; Daegu Gyeongbuk Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Daegu 42988, South Korea; Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Movement Disorder Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Clin Res Inst, Hypoxia Ischemia Dis Inst,Canc Res Inst,Coll Med, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Seoul Natl Univ, Adv Inst Convergence Technol AICT, Seoul 16229, South Korea; Daegu Gyeongbuk Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Informat & Commun Engn, Daegu 42988, South Korea Park, Junghyung/KXQ-7522-2024; Lee, Youngjeon/LZH-8969-2025; Kim, Junghwan/AAV-1973-2020 57200518242; 36470521900; 56522472100; 57207138619; 56263762800; 57215086073; 57219112045; 56181213100; 56018670200; 57204572034; 55671747100; 57976410100; 57202134219; 57199746462; 57219109450; 16645802900; 55793037500; 21834015500; 57198844444; 57976531500; 57976531600; 23392263200; 35278434400; 57199022088 jcseo@kribb.re.kr;dvmlim96@kribb.re.kr;jcy7959@kribb.re.kr;bsh82@kribb.re.kr;hyeon9@kribb.re.kr;choiws@kribb.re.kr;ck2816@kribb.re.kr;nemo9426@kribb.re.kr;wonjy@kribb.re.kr;nuri0070@kribb.re.kr;jpark@kribb.re.kr;jiyeoncho@kribb.re.kr;kks1613@kribb.re.kr;minjikim@kribb.re.kr;yuriel@kribb.re.kr;huhjw@kribb.re.kr;samhwan@dgist.ac.kr;lim.yh@daum.net;oddjam1@gmail.com;hyemin.tak@gmail.com;goodfeelingms@gmail.com;jwchoi@dgist.ac.kr;paeksh@snu.ac.kr;neurosci@kribb.re.kr; PARKINSONS DISEASE PARKINSONS DIS-US 2090-8083 2042-0080 2022 SCIE CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2022 3.2 47.4 0.12 2025-06-25 1 1 NONHUMAN PRIMATE MODEL; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; INTRACEREBROVENTRICULAR INJECTION; MOUSE MODEL; MPTP; BRAIN; ARTERY; RANTES; INFILTRATION; DYSFUNCTION 1,2,3,6 tetrahydro 1 methyl 4 phenylpyridine; apomorphine; RANTES; animal experiment; animal tissue; anterior cerebral artery; apomorphine test; artery diameter; Article; blood flow velocity; blood smear; brain blood flow; brain circulus arteriosus; carotid artery flow; collateral circulation; common carotid artery; controlled study; Haplorhini; internal carotid artery; interventional radiology; middle cerebral artery; nonhuman; nuclear magnetic resonance; Parkinson disease; pilot study; primate model English 2022 2022-11-09 10.1155/2022/4382145 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Correlation of self-assembly and thermal conducting properties of PEG-backbone polyether with a room temperature mesophase Recently, liquid crystalline polymers (LCPs) with distinct properties derived from self-assembled structures have gained attention as thermal conducting materials. In this study, a series of liquid crystalline monomers having an epoxide through various spacer lengths (n = 4-9) from a mesogen structure were synthesized, and their polymers, side chain LCPs, were fabricated through anionic ring-opening polymerization (AROP). The number average molecular weights (M(n)s) and polydispersity index of the LCP series were successfully adjusted to 10 000 and 1.1, respectively, to investigate phase transition without molecular weight effects, by controlling the AROP. The LCPs exhibited glass transition below room temperature at certain spacer lengths (n >= 5), and X-ray diffraction investigation revealed that they possessed self-assembled microstructures. Further, they showed fairly high thermal conductivity values (0.42-0.46 W m(-1) K-1) which are more than two times higher than that of polyethylene glycol, derived from the ordered structure corresponding to their main chain polymer. Ku, Kyosun; Choe, Soyeong; Yeo, Hyeonuk Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Chem Educ, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Chem, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Pharm, Daegu 41566, South Korea Yeo, Hyeonuk/AHE-0397-2022; yeo, hyeonuk/G-7890-2017 57219781815; 57547796300; 55324816500 yeo@knu.ac.kr; MOLECULAR SYSTEMS DESIGN & ENGINEERING MOL SYST DES ENG 2058-9689 7 5 SCIE CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL;MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY;NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022 3.6 47.5 1 2025-06-25 13 12 LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE POLYMERS; SPACER LENGTH; CHAIN; TRANSITION; MESOGENS; EPOXY Anionic polymerization; Glass transition; Liquid crystal polymers; Polydispersity; Room temperature; Self assembly; Thermal conductivity; Anionic ring opening polymerization; Conducting materials; Conducting properties; Liquid crystalline monomers; Mesogens; Mesophases; Property; Self assembled structures; Spacer lengths; Thermal; Ring opening polymerization English 2022 2022-05-10 10.1039/d1me00182e 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Heating and emission characteristics of briquettes developed from spent coffee grounds The development of biomass fuels to replace fossil fuels is on the rise, with increased bioenergy research on spent coffee grounds (SCG). However, no biofuel can currently replace anthracite briquettes. Unlike ordinary solid fossil fuels, anthracite briquettes are heated for a long time and retain the same form after combustion, making them easier to transport. In this study, binders are used to develop a solid fuel that allows SCG to retain their shape after combustion. Specifically, bottom ash (BA) and kaolinite clay (KC) are mixed in different ratios then processed with a press machine and cured to produce briquettes that exhibit zero damage, even after combustion. The results show that the optimal composition for SGC briquette production according to fuel quality and ash shape retention is 20 wt.% SCG; 71 wt.% BA; 9 wt.% KC; and 15 wt.% solution with a 20:1 water/Ca(OH)(2) mixing ratio. This results in a low heating value of 15.8 MJ/kg, 86.82% durability before combustion, and 99.46% durability after combustion. In addition, combustion tests with SCG briquettes confirmed their potential as an environmentally friendly alternative fuel to anthracite briquettes. Kim, Yeongsu; Park, Tusan; Hong, Donghyuck Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Bioind Machinery Engn, Daegu, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Upland Field Machinery Res Ctr, Daegu, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Smart Agr Innovat Ctr, Daegu 41566, South Korea Park, Tusan/C-2057-2012 57210594021; 57202780408; 57192068978 bear0011@knu.co.kr; ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH ENVIRON ENG RES 1226-1025 2005-968X 27 4 SCIE ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL;ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 2022 3.5 47.5 0.82 2025-06-25 8 14 Anthracite; Binder; Bottom ash; Briquette; Kaolinite clay; Spent coffee grounds COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTICS; FLY-ASH; BIOMASS; COCOMBUSTION; PERFORMANCE; PROPERTY; STRENGTH; BIOFUELS; STORAGE; BOILER Anthracite; Binder; Bottom ash; Briquette; Kaolinite clay; Spent coffee grounds Anthracite; Ash handling; Ashes; Biofuels; Biomass; Briquets; Briquetting; Charcoal; Combustion; Durability; Pelletizing; Ash clay; Bio-energy; Biomass fuels; Bottom ash; Briquette; Emission characteristics; Kaolinite clay; Solid fossil fuels; Solid fuels; Spent coffee grounds; Binders English 2022 2022-08 10.4491/eer.2021.063 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Review Occurrence and removal of engineered nanoparticles in drinking water treatment and wastewater treatment A review Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) are widely used in various industrial products and consumer goods, resulting in their widespread existence, particularly in natural water systems and water and wastewater treatment plants. Their presence in surface water for human consumption may severely harm human health. Therefore, this review examines new findings and developments in the removal technology of ENPs in drinking water and wastewater treatment processes since the publication of the literature by Park et al. [1]. By evaluating recent articles, this review investigates the occurrence of ENPs, discusses the transport of nanoparticles (NPs) in various drinking water and wastewater treatment processes, and draws corresponding practical conclusions. Moreover, this review provides brief suggestions and predictions for the future development of NP removal technologies in water and wastewater treatment plants. Yu, Cheng; Kim, Sewoon; Jang, Min; Park, Chang Min; Yoon, Yeomin Univ South Carolina, Sch Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA; Kwangwoon Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Seoul, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea Yoon, Yeomin/KDP-2253-2024; Park, Chang Min/CAA-8506-2022; Jang, Min/J-2230-2012 57225041008; 57201422323; 36762550700; 57209588953; 7402126688 cmpark@knu.ac.kr;yoony@cec.sc.edu; ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH ENVIRON ENG RES 1226-1025 2005-968X 27 5 SCIE ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL;ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 2022 3.5 47.5 0.22 2025-06-25 10 11 Nanoparticles; Removal; Transport; Water treatment; Wastewater treatment WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES; GRAPHENE OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; FIELD-FLOW FRACTIONATION; POROUS-MEDIA; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; TIO2 NANOPARTICLES; SATURATED SAND; FULLERENE NANOPARTICLES; SOLUTION CHEMISTRY Nanoparticles; Removal; Transport; Wastewater treatment; Water treatment Industrial plants; Industrial water treatment; Nanoparticles; Potable water; Reclamation; Sewage pumping plants; Surface waters; Water treatment plants; Consumer Goods; Drinking water treatment; Drinking water treatment process; Engineered nanoparticles; Industrial consumers; Industrial product; Transport; Waste water treatment plants; Wastewater treatment process; Water and wastewater treatments; Wastewater treatment English 2022 2022-10 10.4491/eer.2021.339 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Study on biological distribution of polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG), a toxic household chemical, using radiolabeling and molecular imaging tools A lot of people in Korea have suffered from severe toxicity of PHMG, a humidifier disinfectant. To assess the risk and in-depth mechanistic understanding of toxicity posed by a hazardous substance, it is essential to determine its biological uptake in organs. In this study, we investigate the biodistribution of PHMG using radioanalytical techniques. By labeling PHMG with radioactive indium (111In), the uptake values of PHMG in organs can be measured after intravenous injection in Sprague-Dawley rats for up to 168 h. The results indicate that PHMG is distributed in the liver (28.63% injected dose (%ID)) and lungs (12.44%ID) at 30 min post administration. In addition, the clearance rate of PHMG distributed in the internal organs is slow, with approximately 65% of injected PHMG remaining in the lungs after 1 week. Moreover, we quantified biodistribution of the radiolabeled PHMG exposed through intratracheal instillation and oral administration routes, and the observed data were compared to each other to understand in vivo behavior of PHMG. In addition, radiolabeled PHMG in an animal model can be visualized using SPECT/CT. The obtained results indicate that repetitive exposure to PHMG results in damage to lungs, as well as extrapulmonary organs. Mushtaq, Sajid; Park, Jung Eun; Shim, Ha Eun; Lee, Chang Heon; Shin, Hee Soon; Lee, So-Young; Jeon, Jongho Pakistan Inst Engn & Appl Sci, Dept Nucl Engn, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan; Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Adv Radiat Technol Inst, Jeongeup 56212, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Appl Chem, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Korea Food Res Inst, Div Funct Food Res, Wanju Gun 55365, Jeonrabug Do, South Korea; Univ Sci & Technol, Food Biotechnol Program, Daejeon 34113, South Korea 57207516170; 57210160353; 56622211200; 55660893700; 55413401300; 57204518100; 35082028100 jeonj@knu.ac.kr; ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH ENVIRON ENG RES 1226-1025 2005-968X 27 5 SCIE ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL;ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 2022 3.5 47.5 0.29 2025-06-25 6 5 Biodistribution; Household disinfectant; Molecular imaging; Polyhexamethylene guanidine; Radiolabeling HYDROCHLORIDE; DISINFECTANT; CYTOTOXICITY; EXPRESSION; EXPOSURE; FIBROSIS Biodistribution; Household disinfectant; Molecular imaging; Polyhexamethylene guanidine; Radiolabeling Disinfectants; Molecular imaging; Risk assessment; Biodistributions; Biological uptake; Hazardous substances; Household chemicals; Household disinfectant; Imaging tools; Mechanistics; Polyhexamethylene guanidine; Radio-analytical techniques; Radiolabelling; Toxicity English 2022 2022-10 10.4491/eer.2021.393 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
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Keywords (SCOPUS) 저자가 논문에서 직접 지정한 키워드입니다. SCOPUS에 등록된 저자 키워드 목록입니다.
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Publication Year 논문이 출판된 연도입니다.
Publication Date 논문의 정확한 출판 날짜입니다 (년-월-일 형식).
DOI Digital Object Identifier. 디지털 객체 식별자로, 논문을 고유하게 식별하는 영구적인 식별번호입니다. 이를 통해 논문의 온라인 위치를 찾을 수 있습니다.