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WoS SCOPUS Document Type Document Title Abstract Authors Affiliation ResearcherID (WoS) AuthorsID (SCOPUS) Author Email(s) Journal Name JCR Abbreviation ISSN eISSN Volume Issue WoS Edition WoS Category JCR Year IF JCR (%) FWCI FWCI Update Date WoS Citation SCOPUS Citation Keywords (WoS) KeywordsPlus (WoS) Keywords (SCOPUS) KeywordsPlus (SCOPUS) Language Publication Stage Publication Year Publication Date DOI JCR Link DOI Link WOS Link SCOPUS Link
Article Versatile Bifunctional and Supported IrNi Oxide Catalyst for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Designing a high-performance electrocatalyst that operates with photon-level energy is of the utmost importance in order to address the world's urgent energy concerns. Herein, we report IrNi nanoparticles uniformly distributed on cost-effective activated carbon support with a low mass loading of 3% by weight to drive the overall water splitting reaction under light illumination over a wide pH range. The prepared IrNi nanomaterials were extensively characterized by SEM/EDX, TEM, XRD, Raman, and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. The experimental results demonstrate that when the Ir:Ni ratio is 4:1, the water splitting rate is high at 32 and 25 mA cm(-2) for hydrogen (at -1.16 V) and oxygen evolution reactions (at 1.8 V) in alkaline electrolyte, respectively, upon the light irradiation (100 mW cm(-2)). The physical and electrochemical characterization of metal and alloy combinations show that the cumulative effect of relatively high crystallinity (among the materials used in this study), reduced charge recombination rate, and improved oxygen vacancies observed with the 4Ir1Ni@AC electrode is the reason for the superior activity obtained. A high level of durability for hydrogen and oxygen evolution under light illumination is seen in the chronoamperometric study over 15 h of operation. Overall water splitting examined in 0.1 M of NaOH medium at a 50 mV s(-1) scan rate showed a cell voltage of 1.94 Vat a 10 mA cm(-2) current density. Zavahir, Sifani; Hafsa, Umme; Park, Hyunwoong; Han, Dong Suk Qatar Univ, Ctr Adv Mat, POB 2713, Doha, Qatar; Qatar Univ, Dept Chem Engn, POB 2713, Doha, Qatar; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Energy Engn, Daegu 702701, South Korea Han, Dong SuK/AAX-9333-2021; Han, Dong Suk/Q-8641-2017 56493120500; 57389723300; 7601565583; 36139213900 dhan@qu.edu.qa; CATALYSTS CATALYSTS 2073-4344 12 9 SCIE CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL 2022 3.9 43.8 0 2025-06-25 0 0 IrNi; photoelectrochemical; water splitting; HER; OER HYDROGEN EVOLUTION REACTION; PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY; VISIBLE-LIGHT; EFFICIENT; ELECTROCATALYSTS; NANOPARTICLES; BIOBR; ELECTROLYZER; NANOCRYSTALS; PERFORMANCE HER; IrNi; OER; photoelectrochemical; water splitting English 2022 2022-09 10.3390/catal12091056 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Betel leaf derived multicolor emitting carbon dots as a fluorescent probe for imaging mouse normal fibroblast and human thyroid cancer cells A facile and eco-friendly approach was adapted for the preparation of multicolor emitting carbon dots (BLMECDs) by hydrothermal method using betel leaves. BL-MECDs were synthesized at various reaction times-12 h, 24 h, 36 h, and 48 h at 200 degrees C. The reaction times were varied to find the optimum reaction condition to obtain BL-MECDs with excellent optical- and chemical properties. BL-MECDs were characterized by various analytical techniques. The surface morphology, degree of graphitization, and their composition were examined by field emission scanning electron microscope, Raman spectrum, and attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The optical properties were evaluated via ultraviolet-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy techniques. The result suggests that BL-MECDs prepared at 36 h have enriched functional groups and excellent fluorescence emission with acceptable quantum yield (15%). Thus, BL-MECDs prepared at 36 h were utilized for further studies. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the existence of functional groups such as carboxyl, carbonyl, and hydroxyl groups. Moreover, the obtained BL-MECDs exhibited excellent prolonged stability and photostability even after 150 days of storage in atmospheric condition and by continuous irradiation of about 100 min with 365 nm UV-lamb, respectively. Further, BL-MECDs showed excellent biocompatibility and negligible cytotoxicity and thus explored for cell imaging for normal mouse fibroblast cell line (L929) and human anaplastic thyroid cancer cells line (SW1736). Cellular fluorescence imaging suggesting that BL-MECDs have great potential in bioimaging applications. Atchudan, Raji; Gangadaran, Prakash; Edison, Thomas Nesakumar Jebakumar Immanuel; Perumal, Suguna; Sundramoorthy, Ashok K.; Vinodh, Rajangam; Rajendran, Ramya Lakshmi; Ahn, Byeong-Cheol; Lee, Yong Rok Yeungnarn Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Gyongsan 38541, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educ Program Biomed Sci, Daegu 41944, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Kyungpook Natl Univ Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Nucl Med, Daegu 41944, South Korea; SRM Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India; Pusan Natl Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Busan 46241, South Korea Gangadaran, Prakash/AAV-3102-2021; RAJI, ATCHUDAN/C-9904-2017; Lee, Yong/K-6373-2015; perumal, suguna/N-9075-2017; Rajendran, Ramya/AAV-6338-2021; Edison, Thomas/N-8909-2015; Sundramoorthy, Ashok K./AAD-2476-2022; Jebakumar Immanuel Edison, Thomas Nesakumar/N-8909-2015 26648054700; 54393130400; 6506181821; 56673798900; 55372506600; 35727964800; 57195318729; 7202791511; 57330662900 atchudanr@yu.ac.kr;yrlee@yu.ac.kr; PHYSICA E-LOW-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS & NANOSTRUCTURES PHYSICA E 1386-9477 1873-1759 136 SCIE NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY;PHYSICS, CONDENSED MATTER 2022 3.3 44.0 1.71 2025-06-25 19 18 Betel leaf; Multicolor emitting carbon dots; Fluorescent probe; Cell imaging GRAPHENE QUANTUM DOTS; GREEN SYNTHESIS; OXYGEN REDUCTION; FACILE SYNTHESIS; FRUIT EXTRACT; FE3+ IONS; NANOPARTICLES; NANODOTS; WASTE; CONVERSION Betel leaf; Cell imaging; Fluorescent probe; Multicolor emitting carbon dots Biocompatibility; Carbon; Cell culture; Diseases; Fibroblasts; Fluorescence imaging; Fluorescence spectroscopy; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Morphology; Probes; Scanning electron microscopy; Surface morphology; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Betel leaf; Cancer cells; Carbon dots; Cell imaging; Eco-friendly; Fluorescent probes; Human thyroid; Multi-colors; Multicolor emitting carbon dot; Thyroid cancers; Optical properties English 2022 2022-02 10.1016/j.physe.2021.115010 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Investigating the role of Ethephon in the stem-bending mechanism and petal senescence of two different gerbera flowers We investigated whether ethylene is involved in the stem-bending mechanism of the two different gerberas [long-lived cultivar 'Mary Queen' and short-lived cultivar 'Harmony'] by pretreating the stems with an ethylene-releasing compound (Ethephon), an ethylene-action inhibitor [silver thiosulfate (STS)], or Ethephon in combination with STS (Ethephon + STS), using distilled water as the control. In the cv. 'Mary Queen,' the control stems did not show stem bending, while the treatment groups showed bending at 6 and 9 days after treatment (DAT). In the cv. 'Harmony,' the bending rate observed in the Ethephon-treated stems was lower than the other treatments at 9 DAT. However, a lower bending rate in the Ethephon group relative to the other treatments is unlikely to be associated with ethylene action, because the bending rate observed in the Ethephon + STS group was significantly higher than the STS group. In addition, the bending rates of both cultivars were not associated with lignin contents or the expression of lignin biosynthesis genes in the stems. As it is complicated to conclude the role of Ethephon in stem bending of the gerberas, these results suggest that the use of Ethephon to delay stem bending in cut gerberas is not warranted. Naing, Aung Htay; Soe, May Thu; Win, Nay Myo; Kang, Hyunhee; Chung, Mi Young; Kim, Chang Kil Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Hort, Daegu 41566, South Korea; RDA, Natl Inst Hort & Herbal Sci, Apple Res Inst, Gunwi 39000, South Korea; Sunchon Natl Univ, Dept Agr Educ, 413 Jungangno, Sunchon 57922, Jeonnam, South Korea Naing, Aung Htay/AAF-4277-2019 37112768100; 57217678838; 42462548000; 57217681910; 24821361600; 7409880701 ckkim@knu.ac.kr; PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS PLANT BIOTECHNOL REP 1863-5466 1863-5474 16 6 SCIE BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY;PLANT SCIENCES 2022 2.4 44.1 0.1 2025-06-25 1 1 Ethephon; Gene expression; Lignin content; Petal senescence; Silver thiosulphate VASE-LIFE; ETHYLENE PRODUCTION; LIGNIN CONTENT; CUT; LIGNIFICATION; LONGEVITY; BACTERIA Ethephon; Gene expression; Lignin content; Petal senescence; Silver thiosulphate English 2022 2022-12 10.1007/s11816-022-00791-9 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Role of Chest Computed Tomography in Patients Hospitalized with Community-Acquired Complicated Parapneumonic Effusion or Empyema Background: Data regarding predictors of the outcome in patients with community-acquired complicated parapneumonic effusion (CPPE) or empyema are insufficient. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic factors in these patients. Methods: Patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) were classified into a CPPE or empyema group and a control group. The patients with CPPE or empyema were further divided into longer and shorter length of stay (LOS) groups, and clinical variables and computed tomographic (CT) findings were compared between the 2 groups. Results: Of outcome variables, LOS was significantly longer in the CPPE or empyema group than in the control group (13 days [interquartile range, 10-17 days] versus 8 days [6-12 days], p = 14 days) groups. Pneumonia severity index (PSI) class IV-V (odds ratio [OR], 2.79; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.35, 5.76; p = 0.006), increased attenuation of extrapleural fat (OR, 2.26; 95% CI: 1.06, 4.80; p = 0.034), and pleural microbubbles (OR 3.93; 95% CI: 1.03, 14.98; p = 0.045) were independent predictors for prolonged LOS in CAP patients with CPPE or empyema. Conclusions: Increased attenuation of extrapleural fat and pleural microbubbles assessed with CT and PSI class IV-V independently predicted prolonged LOS in CAP patients with CPPE or empyema. These findings may be helpful to identify patients who need more intensive evaluation and intervention. Park, Ji-Eun; Cha, Seung-Ick; Shin, Kyung Min; Lim, Jae Kwang; Lee, Won Kee; Choi, Sun Ha; Seo, Hyewon; Lee, Yong-Hoon; Yoo, Seung-Soo; Lee, Shin-Yup; Lee, Jaehee; Kim, Chang-Ho; Park, Jae-Yong Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, 130 Dongdeok Ro, Daegu 41944, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Daegu, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Med Res Collaborat Ctr, Biostat, Daegu, South Korea Lee, Jun Young/CAI-2335-2022; Lee, You/T-6086-2019; Lee, Jaehee/S-1697-2018; Choi, Sun Ha/HPD-7234-2023 57195437358; 35227126400; 7402410737; 55515341400; 22953484700; 57199723585; 55612130200; 57199022948; 56479781600; 49863712700; 13805476000; 7409873555; 58360293800 sicha@knu.ac.kr; AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES AM J MED SCI 0002-9629 1538-2990 363 3 SCIE MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL 2022 3.1 44.1 0.32 2025-06-25 2 2 Computed tomography; Length of stay; Pleural effusion; Pneumonia; Prognosis INFECTIOUS-DISEASES-SOCIETY; PNEUMONIA; LENGTH; STAY; GUIDELINES; MANAGEMENT; PREDICTORS; DIAGNOSIS; CT Computed tomography; Length of stay; Pleural effusion; Pneumonia; Prognosis Community-Acquired Infections; Empyema, Pleural; Humans; Pleural Effusion; Pneumonia; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; adult; age distribution; Article; clinical feature; community acquired complicated parapneumonic effusion; controlled study; empyema; female; heavy drinker; hospital mortality; human; image analysis; image processing; incidence; length of stay; major clinical study; male; mortality rate; Pneumonia Severity Index; pneumonic effusion; predictive value; prognostic assessment; radiological parameters; risk assessment; risk factor; smoking habit; South Korea; thorax radiography; university hospital; x-ray computed tomography; community acquired infection; complication; diagnostic imaging; pleura effusion; pleura empyema; pneumonia; x-ray computed tomography English 2022 2022-03 10.1016/j.amjms.2021.07.018 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article The effect of thioredoxin-gene-expressed transgenic soybean on associated non-target insects and arachnids The evaluation of genetically modified (GM) crops regarding their effect on non-target organisms is necessary to safeguard ecosystem components. In this study, we assessed the effects of transgenic soybean events TRX (expressing the human thioredoxin gene under the control of the beta-conglycinin promoter with tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate, PPT) on plant-dwelling non-target insects and arachnids compared with those of a non-GM parental cultivar, Gwangan soybean. Field surveys of soybean fields were carried out at Ochang and Jeonju, Korea, in 2016 and 2017. We found that the number of captured individuals was higher at Ochang in 2017 on both TRX and Gwangan soybean plants. From 2016 to 2017, the average population density of the insect pests and natural enemies decreased; however, in the case of other insects, the population density remained unchanged. The dominance index of the captured non-target insects and arachnids decreased, whereas the diversity and richness indices increased over time on the genotypes at both regions. The evenness index of non-target insects and arachnids decreased at Jeonju but showed no change at Ochang, regardless of the genotype. Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, and Diptera were the most dominant orders of the insect pests, natural enemies, and other insects, respectively. The score from PROXSCAL multidimensional scaling using combined data showed that insects and arachnids in different natural environments differed due to their cultivation regions and years, irrespective of soybean cultivars. Overall, the results indicated that the GM soybean TRX did not negatively affect the community of plant-dwelling non-target insects and arachnids. Amin, Md Ruhul; Oh, Sung-Dug; Park, Soo-Yun; Ha, Kihun; Kang, Sera; Park, Jung-Ho; Kim, Minwook; Eun, Chang Uk; Kim, Young Kun; Suh, Sang Jae Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agr Univ, Dept Entomol, Gazipur, Bangladesh; Rural Dev Adm, Natl Inst Agr Sci, Jeonju 54874, South Korea; Rural Dev Adm, Natl Inst Crop Sci, Highland Agr Res Inst, Pyeongchang 25342, South Korea; Korea Res Inst Biosci & Biotechnol, Bioevaluat Ctr, Cheongju 28116, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Appl Biol, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Inst Plant Med, Daegu 41566, South Korea 57964833900; 7404104129; 45661697500; 57224517471; 57357035600; 36546514200; 57356606100; 57357035700; 57222033782; 15754843200 sjsuh@knu.ac.kr; PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS PLANT BIOTECHNOL REP 1863-5466 1863-5474 16 1 SCIE BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY;PLANT SCIENCES 2022 2.4 44.1 0.29 2025-06-25 2 3 Non-target arthropods; Thioredoxin gene; Transgenic soybean NATURAL ENEMY; BT COTTON; ABUNDANCE; DIVERSITY; PREDATORS; SURVIVAL; APHID; PEST Non-target arthropods; Thioredoxin gene; Transgenic soybean English 2022 2022-02 10.1007/s11816-021-00724-y 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Application of a Cold Dry Air Provocation Test in Pediatric Patients with Asthma Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by reversible airway obstruction and airway hyperreactivity. We proposed a cold dry air (CDA) provocation test and investigated its application in pediatric patients with asthma. We enrolled 72 children and adolescents older than 5 years who presented to our hospital with chronic cough, shortness of breath, and wheezing. We analyzed the results of allergy, pulmonary function, methacholine provocation, and CDA provocation tests. The FEV1 change 5 min after the provocation was recorded as CDA5 dFEV1; that after 15 min was recorded as CDA15 dFEV1. PT10 was the provocation time causing a 10% decrease in FEV1; a decrease of >10% in dFEV1 was considered a positive CDA test. Among the 72 subjects, 51 were diagnosed with asthma. A positive CDA test in patients with asthma correlated with non-eosinophilic asthma. In patients with asthma, sputum eosinophils and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels of the patients with a positive CDA test were significantly lower than those of patients with a negative test. CDA5 dFEV1 correlated with PC20 and total immunoglobulin E. CDA15 dFEV1 correlated with PC20, sputum eosinophils, and ECP. PT10 became shorter as the peripheral blood eosinophil, FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and FEF25-75 decreased. The CDA provocation test showed airway hyperreactivity to non-specific stimuli, a high correlation with non-eosinophilic asthma, and the possibility of assessing asthma severity via PT10. Ahn, Ji Young; Choi, Bong Seok Yeungnam Univ, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Daegu 42415, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Daegu 41944, South Korea ; ahn, jiyoung/KSM-2201-2024 57204718185; 56547873100 jy4413@gmail.com;bschoi@knu.ac.kr; CHILDREN-BASEL CHILDREN-BASEL 2227-9067 9 6 SCIE PEDIATRICS 2022 2.4 44.2 0.4 2025-06-25 3 2 asthma; cold dry air provocation; chronic inflammatory airway disease; child BRONCHIAL RESPONSIVENESS; CHALLENGE; METHACHOLINE; CHILDREN; HYPERRESPONSIVENESS; HYPERVENTILATION; REACTIVITY; HISTAMINE; EXERCISE; HYPERREACTIVITY asthma; child; chronic inflammatory airway disease; cold dry air provocation eosinophil cationic protein; immunoglobulin E; methacholine; adolescent; Article; asthma; child; chronic cough; cold dry air provocation test; controlled study; disease severity; dyspnea; eosinophil; eosinophilic asthma; female; forced expiratory volume; forced vital capacity; human; inhalation test; lung function; major clinical study; male; nonhuman; pediatric patient; sputum; wheezing English 2022 2022-06 10.3390/children9060920 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Atypical Presentation of Enlarged Vestibular Aqueducts Caused by SLC26A4 Variants Enlarged vestibular aqueduct is the most common inner ear malformation in pediatric patients with sensorineural hearing loss. Here, we report a new presentation of enlarged vestibular aqueduct in a Korean family. The family consists of two parents and five daughters, and the first and second daughters were diagnosed with bilateral enlarged vestibular aqueducts. The third daughter, who showed no signs of hearing deterioration, came to medical attention with incomplete Horner syndrome. Evaluations for localization of Horner syndrome on the patient and Sanger sequencing of SLC26A4 on the family members were performed. Although auditory brainstem response and pure tone audiometry of the third daughter were normal, temporal bone computed tomography demonstrated bilateral enlarged vestibular aqueducts. Sanger sequencing of SLC26A4 revealed compound heterozygous variants c.2168A>G and c.919-2A>G in the first, second, and third daughters. Diagnosis of enlarged vestibular aqueduct is often delayed because the degree of hearing loss can vary, and a considerable phenotypic variability can be shown even in family members with the same SLC26A4 variations. Fluctuations of CSF pressure into the cochlear duct and recurrent microruptures of the endolymphatic membrane could result in damage of sympathetic nerve supplying to the inner ear, which could explain the mechanism of Horner syndrome associated with enlarged vestibular aqueduct. Byun, Jun Chul; Lee, Kyu-Yup; Hwang, Su-Kyeong Keimyung Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Dongsan Med Ctr, Daegu 42601, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Otorhinolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Daegu 41944, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Daegu 41944, South Korea Lee, Doh Young/GLR-9586-2022 55671798400; 22135779500; 37761570400 jcbyun@dsmc.or.kr;kylee@knu.ac.kr;skhwang@knu.ac.kr; CHILDREN-BASEL CHILDREN-BASEL 2227-9067 9 2 SCIE PEDIATRICS 2022 2.4 44.2 0.2 2025-06-25 2 1 Horner syndrome; ptosis; anisocoria; deafness; vestibular aqueduct; pendrin GENOTYPE-PHENOTYPE CORRELATION; CHILDHOOD HEARING IMPAIRMENT; PENDRED-SYNDROME; MUTATION SPECTRUM; UNIQUE SPECTRUM; IDENTIFICATION; PREVALENCE; DEAFNESS; DFNB4; GENE Anisocoria; Deafness; Horner syndrome; Pendrin; Ptosis; SLC26A4; Vestibular aqueduct pendrin; Article; ataxic gait; child; clinical article; computer assisted tomography; dizziness; evoked brain stem auditory response; female; gene identification; gene mutation; genetic variability; Horner syndrome; human; inner ear malformation; Korean (people); language delay; mutational analysis; nystagmus; perception deafness; phenotypic variation; prematurity; preschool child; pure tone audiometry; Sanger sequencing; SLC26A4 gene; temporal bone; vestibular aqueduct enlargement; vomiting English 2022 2022-02 10.3390/children9020165 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Bacille Calmette-Guerin Site Reactivation of Kawasaki Disease in Infants under 3 Months of Age: Relation with Diagnosis and Prognosis Diagnosis of Kawasaki disease in infants under 3 months of age is challenging. This study aimed to confirm the diagnostic efficacy of BCGitis in patients with Kawasaki disease aged 3 months, n = 454). Data, including clinical features and laboratory results, were analyzed and compared between the groups. In group 1, 89% of patients showed Bacille Calmette-Guerin site reactivation. In group 1, total duration of fever and fever duration before initial treatment were significantly shorter than in group 2 (p = 0.001). The incidences of conjunctival injection, changes in extremities (erythema and edema), and cervical lymphadenopathy were significantly lower (p = 0.006, p = 0.040, and p < 0.001, respectively), and desquamation was higher in group 1 (p = 0.004). The incidences of incomplete Kawasaki disease, coronary artery complications, and resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin did not differ between the groups. Kawasaki disease should be suspected in infants aged <3 months with unexplained fever and BCGitis, even if the principal clinical symptoms are not fully presented. BCGitis in infantile Kawasaki disease is a useful sign and can help in the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease. Roh, Da Eun; Kwon, Jung Eun; Kim, Yeo Hyang Kyungpook Natl Univ, Div Pediat Cardiol, Childrens Hosp, Daegu 41404, South Korea; Inje Univ, Busan Paik Hosp, Dept Pediat, Coll Med, Busan 47392, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Daegu 41944, South Korea 57195734230; 57194002366; 57032023800 ponyks1004@gmail.com;lovecello623@gmail.com;kimyhmd@knu.ac.kr; CHILDREN-BASEL CHILDREN-BASEL 2227-9067 9 6 SCIE PEDIATRICS 2022 2.4 44.2 0.8 2025-06-25 3 4 infants; mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome; Bacille Calmette-Guerin LESIONS; RISK Bacille Calmette-Guérin; infants; mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome BCG vaccine; immunoglobulin; Article; cervical lymphadenopathy; child; clinical feature; comparative study; controlled study; coronary artery disease; desquamation; diagnostic procedure; disease course; disease duration; drug safety; echocardiography; edema; erythema; female; fever; groups by age; human; incidence; infant; inoculation; laboratory test; major clinical study; male; mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome; patient participation; preschool child; retrospective study English 2022 2022-06 10.3390/children9060857 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Chest Pain and Suspected Myocarditis Related to COVID-19 Vaccination in Adolescents-A Case Series As adolescents started to be vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), suspected myocarditis and pericarditis related to the vaccine were reported in adolescents. According to the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA), 2,796,270 persons aged 12-18 years were fully vaccinated by December 8. Among these, 9223 adverse events were reported (0.33%). We aimed to elucidate the clinical courses and short-term outcomes for adolescents aged 12-18 with cardiac symptoms and suspected myo- or peri-carditis related to COVID-19 vaccination in South Korea. Methods: We retrospectively collected data on patients <= 18 years of age who had suspected myocarditis or pericarditis within 30 days of COVID-19 vaccination, from July 2021 to January 2022. Results: We reported on 40 adolescents in different South Korean provinces at two centers. Twenty-six cases (65%) were male, and the median age was 16 years (range, 13-18; IQR 14.5-17). Twenty-five cases (62.5%) occurred at the first dose, and fifteen (37.5%) occurred after the second dose. Symptoms started at a median of 2 days (range 0-29 days; IQR 1-5 days) after vaccination. The patients were treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (77.5%), intravenous immunoglobulin (2.5%), glucocorticoids (20%), colchicine (5%), or no therapy (15%). Five patients (12.5%) required intensive care unit admission; one patient needed inotropic/vasoactive support. No patients required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or died. The median hospital stay was one day (range 0-8 days; IQR 0-2 days). Twenty-one patients (52.5%) had an abnormal electrocardiogram; among these, seven patients had an elevated ST segment, six patients (15%) had decreased ejection fraction (<55%), and LV function was completely recovered in all of them. Conclusions: Most cases of suspected myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination in adolescents <= 18 years had mild symptoms and clinical courses, as well as a complete recovery. Further studies are needed to evaluate long-term outcomes. Roh, Da-Eun; Na, Hyejin; Kwon, Jung-Eun; Choi, Insu; Kim, Yeo-Hyang; Cho, Hwa-Jin Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Inje Univ, Busan Baik Hosp, Dept Pediat, Coll Med, Busan 50834, South Korea; Chonnam Natl Univ, Dept Pediat, Childrens Hosp, Gwangju 61469, South Korea; Chonnam Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Gwangju 61469, South Korea ; cho, hwa jin/AFA-1420-2022 57195734230; 57698444200; 57194002366; 57218222500; 57032023800; 40561069100 ponyks1004@naver.com;hjina01@naver.com;lovecello623@gmail.com;realalice@hanmail.net;kimyhmd@knu.ac.kr;chhj98@gmail.com; CHILDREN-BASEL CHILDREN-BASEL 2227-9067 9 5 SCIE PEDIATRICS 2022 2.4 44.2 0.8 2025-06-25 3 4 COVID-19; vaccine; chest pain; myocarditis chest pain; COVID-19; myocarditis; vaccine colchicine; glucocorticoid; immunoglobulin; nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent; SARS-CoV-2 vaccine; adolescent; adverse outcome; Article; case study; controlled study; coronavirus disease 2019; disease association; drug efficacy; drug safety; female; heart left ventricle ejection fraction; human; length of stay; major clinical study; male; multicenter study; myocarditis; outcome assessment; retrospective study; South Korea; ST segment elevation; thorax pain; vaccination English 2022 2022-05 10.3390/children9050693 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Development of necrotizing enterocolitis in full-term infants with duct dependent congenital heart disease Background Although many studies have described an increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis in duct dependent congenital heart diseases, very few have investigated its occurrence in full-term infants with duct dependent congenital heart diseases. Methods To evaluate the characteristics and risk factors of necrotizing enterocolitis, we performed a retrospective review of 355 full-term infants with duct dependent congenital heart diseases who received prostaglandin E-1 therapy from April 2000 to May 2020. Results Necrotizing enterocolitis was observed in 10 patients (3.0%). Their average gestational age and birth weight were 38.2 weeks and 2783.5 g, respectively. The median age at diagnosis was 8.0 days (2-70 days). One patient was diagnosed with necrotizing enterocolitis stage IIA, five with stage IIB, two with stage IIIA, and two with stage IIIB; two (20%) received surgical treatment. The duct dependent pulmonary circulation group had higher frequencies of necrotizing enterocolitis (4.4%) than the duct dependent systemic circulation (2.0%) and parallel circulation (1.3%) groups. The necrotizing enterocolitis and the other groups had significantly different birth weight (2783.5 g vs 3170.9 g, respectively) and gestational age (38.2 weeks vs 39.1 weeks, respectively). Gestational age under 38 weeks (OR 8.87, p = 0.002), birth weight of < 2500 g (OR 5.1, p = 0.042), need for mechanical ventilation (OR 4.6, p = 0.021), parenteral nutrition (OR 107.7, p < 0.001), and functional single ventricle (OR 5.8, p = 0.009) were significant risk factors. The case-fatality rate was higher in the necrotizing enterocolitis (40.0%) than in the other group (8.3%, p = 0.009). Conclusions Three percent of full-term infants with duct dependent congenital heart diseases developed necrotizing enterocolitis. Neonates with low birth weight, gestational age less than 38 weeks, functional single ventricle, or receiving assisted mechanical ventilation or parenteral nutrition are at increased risk. Choi, Gwang-Jun; Song, Jinyoung; Kim, Hanna; Huh, June; Kang, I-Seok; Chang, Yun Sil; Sung, Se In; Hyun, Myung Chul Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Daegu, South Korea; Sungkyunkwan Univ, Samsung Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Seoul, South Korea Kim, Hyung-Kwan/ITU-6159-2023; Kim, Kyoungmi/AEP-3965-2022 57203753200; 55264024600; 57223819098; 34869708300; 24338245000; 14041061300; 55270548900; 8704315000 amyjys@naver.com; BMC PEDIATRICS BMC PEDIATR 1471-2431 22 1 SCIE PEDIATRICS 2022 2.4 44.2 4 2025-06-25 14 20 Congenital heart disease; Necrotizing enterocolitis; Patent ductus arteriosus PROSTAGLANDIN-E1; RISK Congenital heart disease; Necrotizing enterocolitis; Patent ductus arteriosus Birth Weight; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing; Heart Defects, Congenital; Humans; Infant; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; prostaglandin E1; Article; artificial ventilation; birth weight; case fatality rate; congenital heart disease; female; gestational age; groups by age; heart single ventricle; human; infant; lung circulation; major clinical study; male; necrotizing enterocolitis; parenteral nutrition; patent ductus arteriosus; retrospective study; complication; congenital heart malformation; low birth weight; necrotizing enterocolitis; newborn; newborn disease English 2022 2022-04-02 10.1186/s12887-022-03186-5 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Early Diagnosis of Pseudohypoparathyroidism before the Development of Hypocalcemia in a Young Infant Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) is a rare, heterogeneous disorder characterized by end-organ resistance to parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH resistance causes elevated PTH levels, hypocalcemia, and hyperphosphatemia. Since hypocalcemia causes life-threatening events, early diagnosis is crucial. However, the diagnosis of PHP is elusive during infancy because PHP is usually diagnosed with hypocalcemia-induced symptoms, which develop later in childhood when calcium requirements increase. A 1-month-old girl was referred to our clinic for elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels on newborn screening. When measured 1 month after levothyroxine treatment, her TSH level normalized. At 4-months-old, multiple hard nodules were noted on her trunk. A punch skin biopsy revealed osteoma cutis associated with Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy, a major characteristic of PHP. We performed targeted sanger sequencing of the GNAS gene and detected a heterozygous variant c.150dupA (p.Ser51Ilefs*3) in both the proband and her mother, causing frameshift and premature termination mutations. The patient was diagnosed with PHP Ia when she had normal calcium, phosphorous, and PTH levels. We report the early diagnosis of PHP Ia without hypocalcemia. It emphasizes the importance of meticulous physical examination in patients with congenital hypothyroidism. Hwang, Su Kyeong; Shim, Ye Jee; Oh, Seung Hwan; Jang, Kyung Mi Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Daegu 37224, South Korea; Keimyung Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Dongsan Hosp, Daegu 37224, South Korea; Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Lab Med, Sch Med, Yangsan Hosp, Yangsan 50612, South Korea; Yeungnam Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Yeungnam Univ Hosp, Daegu 42415, South Korea ; Oh, SeungHWan/MTE-9668-2025 37761570400; 55906474200; 26634204900; 57203762745 skhwang@knu.ac.kr;yejeeshim@dsmc.or.kr;paracelsus@pusan.ac.kr;fortune001j@gmail.com; CHILDREN-BASEL CHILDREN-BASEL 2227-9067 9 5 SCIE PEDIATRICS 2022 2.4 44.2 0.2 2025-06-25 2 2 pseudohypoparathyroidism; GNAS; albright's hereditary osteodystrophy; osteoma cutis; hypothyroidism GS-ALPHA-GENE; OSTEOMA CUTIS; GNAS; IA; MUTATION; RESISTANCE; 1A albright’s hereditary osteodystrophy; GNAS; hypothyroidism; osteoma cutis; pseudohypoparathyroidism calcitriol; calcium; calcium carbonate; levothyroxine; phosphorus; thyrotropin; Albright syndrome; Article; birth weight; body height; body weight; brachydactyly; calcium blood level; case report; cesarean section; clinical article; congenital hypothyroidism; data base; early diagnosis; echography; female; gene; gene mutation; genetic variability; genome imprinting; GNAS gene; heterozygosity; human; human tissue; hyperphosphatemia; hypocalcemia; infant; laboratory test; male; mental deficiency; newborn screening; obesity; osteoma; perinatal period; physical examination; pseudohypoparathyroidism; punch biopsy; Sanger sequencing; skin biopsy; thyrotropin blood level English 2022 2022-05 10.3390/children9050723 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Results of Multicenter Phase II Study With Imatinib Mesylate in Allogeneic Recipients With Steroid-Refractory Chronic GVHD In this multicenter phase II study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of imatinib in patients with steroid-resistant chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) and evaluated the quality of life (QOL) of the enrolled patients using the Short Form 36 (SF-36) health survey questionnaire. Thirty-six patients who were diagnosed with steroid-refractory cGVHD and treated with imatinib between March 2013 and February 2019 received 100 mg/day of imatinib for 2 weeks. Depending on the patient's condition and investigator's decision, the imatinib dose was allowed to be increased by 100 mg every 2 weeks up to 400 mg/day. Patients who achieved stable disease (SD), partial remission (PR), and complete remission (CR) at 3-month response evaluations continued imatinib for up to 6 months. The majority of the patients had multi-organ cGVHD, with skin (63.9%), lungs (44.4%), mouth (38.9%), and eyes (38.9%) as the most common sites. The overall response rate was 58.3%, including 3 and 18 patients with CR and PR, respectively, and an overall decline in National Institutes of Health (NIH) severity scores was observed at study completion in the absence of significant adverse effects. The overall response rates were 70.5%, 66.7%, 34.8%, and 25% in patients with gastrointestinal, liver, skin, and lung cGVHD, respectively. Factors representing emotional well-being were significantly improved based on the patient-reported QOL evaluation using SF-36. The effect of imatinib on steroid tapering, which was notable in responders, was also present in 50% of those who achieved SD without worsening cGVHD. Imatinib exhibited therapeutic efficacy in steroid-refractory and steroid-dependent cGVHD with tolerable toxicity. Clinical Trial Registration: KCT0006785. Baek, Dong Won; Cho, Hee Jeong; Kim, Ju-Hyung; Ahn, Jae Sook; Kim, Hyeoung-Joon; Lim, Sung Nam; Cheong, Jun Won; Kim, Sung-Yong; Lee, Ho Sup; Won, Jong Ho; Yhim, Ho-Young; Sohn, Sang Kyun; Moon, Joon Ho Kyungpook Natl Univ, Kyungpook Natl Univ Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Hematol Oncol, 130 Dongdeok Ro, Daegu 41944, South Korea; Chonnam Natl Univ, Hwasun Hosp, Med Sch, Dept Hematol Oncol, Hwasun Gun, South Korea; Inje Univ, Haeundae Paik Hosp, Dept Hematol Oncol, Pusan, South Korea; Yonsei Univ, Severance Hosp, Med Sch, Dept Hematol Oncol, Seoul, South Korea; Konkuk Univ, Med Ctr, Sch Med, Div Hematol,Dept Internal Med, Seoul, South Korea; Kosin Univ, Gospel Hosp, Dept Hematol Oncol, Pusan, South Korea; SoonChunHyang Univ Hosp, Dept Hematol Oncol, Seoul, South Korea; Jeonbuk Natl Univ, Med Sch, Dept Internal Med, Jeonju, South Korea Won, Jongho/AAM-8322-2021 57191874272; 57216754907; 58739544500; 22984055900; 7410127473; 24831618100; 7004933294; 34770843900; 57218103550; 26434081600; 35785270600; 13310226800; 56568642700 sksohn@knu.ac.kr;jhmoon@knu.ac.kr; CELL TRANSPLANTATION CELL TRANSPLANT 0963-6897 1555-3892 31 SCIE CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING;MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL;TRANSPLANTATION 2022 3.3 44.2 0.82 2025-06-25 6 8 allogeneic stem cell transplantation; chronic graft-versus-host disease; steroid; refractory; imatinib; quality of life VERSUS-HOST-DISEASE; CONSENSUS DEVELOPMENT PROJECT; CLINICAL-TRIALS; MOLECULAR-MECHANISMS; TGF-BETA; CRITERIA; PREDNISONE; THERAPY; CYCLOSPORINE; CORRELATE allogeneic stem cell transplantation; chronic graft-versus-host disease; imatinib; quality of life; refractory; steroid Chronic Disease; Graft vs Host Disease; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Humans; Imatinib Mesylate; Quality of Life; Steroids; busulfan; calcineurin inhibitor; cyclophosphamide; fludarabine; imatinib; mycophenolate mofetil; prednisone; imatinib; steroid; abdominal pain; adult; allogeneic stem cell transplantation; anemia; Article; chronic graft versus host disease; clinical article; clinical evaluation; controlled study; diarrhea; drug dose increase; drug efficacy; drug safety; drug tolerability; emotional well-being; face edema; female; gastrointestinal tract; headache; human; insomnia; liver; liver disease; lung; male; multicenter study; nausea; neuropathy; neutropenia; outcome assessment; overall response rate; pain; periorbital edema; peripheral edema; phase 2 clinical trial; pleura effusion; quality of life; questionnaire; rash; remission; Short Form 36; skin; thrombocytopenia; treatment response; vomiting; adverse event; chronic disease; clinical trial; graft versus host reaction; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation English 2022 2022-07 10.1177/09636897221113789 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Repeatability enhancement of time-lapse seismic data via a convolutional autoencoder In an ideal case, the time-lapse differences in 4-D seismic data should only reflect the changes of the subsurface geology. Practically, however, undesirable discrepancies are generated because of various reasons. Therefore, proper time-lapse processing techniques are required to improve the repeatability of time-lapse seismic data and to capture accurate seismic information to analyse target changes. In this study, we propose a machine learning-based time-lapse seismic data processing method improving repeatability. A training data construction method, training strategy and machine learning network architecture based on a convolutional autoencoder are proposed. Uniformmanifold approximation and projection are applied to the training and target data to analyse the features corresponding to each data point. When the feature distribution of the training data is different from the target data, we implement data augmentation to enhance the diversity of the training data. The method is verified through numerical experiments using both synthetic and field time-lapse seismic data, and the results are analysed with several methods, including a comparison of repeatability metrics. From the results of the numerical experiments, we can conclude that the proposed convolutional autoencoder can enhance the repeatability of the time-lapse seismic data and increase the accuracy of observed variations in seismic signals generated from target changes. Jun, Hyunggu; Cho, Yongchae Kyungpook Natl Univ, 80 Daehak Ro, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Shell Int Explorat & Prod Inc, 150 N Dairy Ashford Rd, Houston, TX 77079 USA ; Cho, Yongchae/AAA-7647-2021; Jun, Hyunggu/ABT-7172-2022 56048061400; 55513719100 Yongchae.Cho@shell.com; GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL GEOPHYS J INT 0956-540X 1365-246X 228 2 SCIE GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS 2022 2.8 44.3 1.8 2025-06-25 18 15 Image processing; Neural networks, fuzzy logic; Seismic noise NOISE ATTENUATION; FACIES ANALYSIS; INVERSION; NETWORK Image processing; Neural networks, fuzzy logic; Seismic noise Data handling; Fuzzy logic; Fuzzy neural networks; Geophysical prospecting; Image enhancement; Learning systems; Network architecture; Numerical methods; Seismic response; Seismic waves; Auto encoders; Fuzzy-Logic; Images processing; Neural network, fuzzy logic; Neural-networks; Numerical experiments; Repeatability enhancement; Seismic noise; Time-lapse seismic data; Training data; artificial neural network; image processing; machine learning; numerical method; seismic data; seismic noise; signal; Convolution English 2022 2022-02 10.1093/gji/ggab397 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article On n-absorbing ideals of locally divided commutative rings In 2011, David F. Anderson and Ayman Badawi defined n- absorbing ideals, and introduced the invariant omega R(I), which is the minimal integer n for which I is an n-absorbing ideal of a commutative ring R. We prove that the conjectures concerning n-absorbing ideals raised by Anderson and Badawi are true on locally divided rings.(c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Choi, Hyun Seung Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Math Educ, Daegu 41566, South Korea 57211287845 hchoi21@knu.ac.kr; JOURNAL OF ALGEBRA J ALGEBRA 0021-8693 1090-266X 594 SCIE MATHEMATICS 2022 0.9 44.4 1.12 2025-06-25 2 3 n-Absorbing ideals; Idealization of a module; Strongly Laskerian rings; Locally divided rings DIVISORIAL IDEALS; DIMENSION Idealization of a module; Locally divided rings; n-Absorbing ideals; Strongly Laskerian rings English 2022 2022-03-15 10.1016/j.jalgebra.2021.11.044 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
Article Effect of cold acclimation and rapid cold-hardening on the survival of Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under cold stress Spodoptera frugiperda is a highly invasive pest species that recently invaded Africa and Asia causing severe economic losses, primarily related to corn and rice crops. Temperature is one of the most important environmental factors that influence the invasion of pests into new habitats. However, little is known regarding the thermal tolerance characteristics of invasive S. frugiperda. Thus, we investigated the response of four developmental stages of S. frugiperda (i.e., eggs, third and sixth instar larvae, and pupae) to cold acclimation (CA) and rapid cold-hardening (RCH). All individuals suffered high mortality with 24-h temperature treatments at 35 degrees C. The CA treatment significantly increased the survival rate of the eggs and third instar larvae, although it did not affect the sixth instar larvae and it decreased the pupation rate. The RCH treatment at 5.C for 5 h or 2 degrees C for 2 h increased the cold tolerance capabilities of the third and sixth instar larvae, respectively. Thus, the larval stage appears to be crucial for the cold tolerance of S. frugiperda. Our findings improve the current understanding of the cold tolerance characteristics of S. frugiperda and indicate its potential for survival in the newly invaded temperate regions of Asia. Malekera, Matabaro Joseph; Acharya, Rajendra; Hwang, Hwal-Su; Lee, Kyeong-Yeoll Kyungpook Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Div Appl Biosci, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Inst Plant Med, Daegu, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Inst Agr Sci & Technol, Daegu, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sustainable Agr Res Ctr, Gunwi, South Korea ; Malekera, Matabaro/GRJ-3754-2022; Acharya, Rajendra/AAG-6838-2020 57223964432; 57210568049; 57204055221; 57217153096 leeky@knu.ac.kr; JOURNAL OF ASIA-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGY J ASIA-PAC ENTOMOL 1226-8615 1876-7990 25 1 SCIE ENTOMOLOGY 2022 1.5 44.5 2.13 2025-06-25 12 11 Climate change; Fall armyworm; Rapid cold-hardening; Cold acclimation; Thermal stress FALL ARMYWORM LEPIDOPTERA; SHOCK INJURY; DIAMONDBACK MOTH; CLIMATE-CHANGE; TOLERANCE; TEMPERATURE; DROSOPHILA; IDENTIFICATION; ADAPTATION; HEMIPTERA Climate change; Cold acclimation; Fall armyworm; Rapid cold-hardening; Thermal stress English 2022 2022-03 10.1016/j.aspen.2021.101862 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기 바로가기
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JCR (%) 해당 카테고리에서 저널이 위치하는 상위 백분율입니다. 값이 낮을수록 우수한 저널임을 의미합니다 (예: 5%는 상위 5%를 의미).
FWCI Field-Weighted Citation Impact. 분야별 가중 인용 영향력 지수입니다. 논문이 받은 인용을 동일 분야, 동일 연도, 동일 문헌 유형의 평균과 비교한 값입니다. 1.0이 평균이며, 1.0보다 높으면 평균 이상의 인용을 받았음을 의미합니다.
FWCI UpdateDate FWCI 값이 마지막으로 업데이트된 날짜입니다. FWCI는 인용이 누적됨에 따라 주기적으로 업데이트됩니다.
WOS Citation Web of Science에서 집계된 해당 논문의 총 인용 횟수입니다.
SCOPUS Citation SCOPUS에서 집계된 해당 논문의 총 인용 횟수입니다.
Keywords (WoS) 저자가 논문에서 직접 지정한 키워드입니다. Web of Science에 등록된 저자 키워드 목록입니다.
KeywordsPlus (WoS) Web of Science에서 자동으로 추출한 추가 키워드입니다. 논문의 참고문헌 제목에서 자주 등장하는 단어들로 생성됩니다.
Keywords (SCOPUS) 저자가 논문에서 직접 지정한 키워드입니다. SCOPUS에 등록된 저자 키워드 목록입니다.
KeywordsPlus (SCOPUS) SCOPUS에서 자동으로 추출하거나 추가한 색인 키워드입니다.
Language 논문이 작성된 언어입니다. 대부분 English이며, 그 외 다양한 언어로 작성된 논문이 포함될 수 있습니다.
Publication Year 논문이 출판된 연도입니다.
Publication Date 논문의 정확한 출판 날짜입니다 (년-월-일 형식).
DOI Digital Object Identifier. 디지털 객체 식별자로, 논문을 고유하게 식별하는 영구적인 식별번호입니다. 이를 통해 논문의 온라인 위치를 찾을 수 있습니다.