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| WoS | SCOPUS | Document Type | Document Title | Abstract | Authors | Affiliation | ResearcherID (WoS) | AuthorsID (SCOPUS) | Author Email(s) | Journal Name | JCR Abbreviation | ISSN | eISSN | Volume | Issue | WoS Edition | WoS Category | JCR Year | IF | JCR (%) | FWCI | FWCI Update Date | WoS Citation | SCOPUS Citation | Keywords (WoS) | KeywordsPlus (WoS) | Keywords (SCOPUS) | KeywordsPlus (SCOPUS) | Language | Publication Stage | Publication Year | Publication Date | DOI | JCR Link | DOI Link | WOS Link | SCOPUS Link |
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| ○ | ○ | Article | Three-Dimensional Foot Position Estimation Based on Footprint Shadow Image Processing and Deep Learning for Smart Trampoline Fitness System | In the wake of COVID-19, the digital fitness market combining health equipment and ICT technologies is experiencing unexpected high growth. A smart trampoline fitness system is a new representative home exercise equipment for muscle strengthening and rehabilitation exercises. Recognizing the motions of the user and evaluating user activity is critical for implementing its self-guided exercising system. This study aimed to estimate the three-dimensional positions of the user's foot using deep learning-based image processing algorithms for footprint shadow images acquired from the system. The proposed system comprises a jumping fitness trampoline; an upward-looking camera with a wide-angle and fish-eye lens; and an embedded board to process deep learning algorithms. Compared with our previous approach, which suffered from a geometric calibration process, a camera calibration method for highly distorted images, and algorithmic sensitivity to environmental changes such as illumination conditions, the proposed deep learning algorithm utilizes end-to-end learning without calibration. The network is configured with a modified Fast-RCNN based on ResNet-50, where the region proposal network is modified to process location regression different from box regression. To verify the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed algorithm, a series of experiments are performed using a prototype system with a robotic manipulator to handle a foot mockup. The three root mean square errors corresponding to X, Y, and Z directions were revealed to be 8.32, 15.14, and 4.05 mm, respectively. Thus, the system can be utilized for motion recognition and performance evaluation of jumping exercises. | Park, Se-Kyung; Park, Jun-Kyu; Won, Hong-In; Choi, Seung-Hwan; Kim, Chang-Hyun; Lee, Suwoong; Kim, Min Young | LG Innotek, Ansan R&D Campus, Ansan 15588, South Korea; Korea Elect Power Res Inst KEPRI, Renewable Energy Solut Grp, Naju 58277, South Korea; Korea Inst Ind Technol, Daegyeong Div, Adv Mechatron Res Grp, Daegu 42994, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Res Ctr Neurosurg Robot Syst, Daegu 41566, South Korea | Choi, Seunghwan/KGL-5439-2024 | 57271013400; 57193059569; 57548175800; 55802893400; 57199973187; 57188756166; 56739349100 | lee@kitech.re.kr;minykim@knu.ac.kr; | SENSORS | SENSORS-BASEL | 1424-8220 | 22 | 18 | SCIE | CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION | 2022 | 3.9 | 29.4 | 0.34 | 2025-06-25 | 4 | 4 | smart fitness; trampoline; 3D foot contact position estimation; wide-angle camera; footprint shadow; image processing; deep learning | 3D foot contact position estimation; deep learning; footprint shadow; image processing; smart fitness; trampoline; wide-angle camera | Algorithms; Calibration; COVID-19; Deep Learning; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Calibration; Cameras; Deep learning; Health; Manipulators; Mean square error; Motion estimation; 3d foot contact position estimation; Contact position; Deep learning; Footprint shadow; Images processing; Position estimation; Shadow images; Smart fitness; Trampoline; Wide angle cameras; algorithm; calibration; human; image processing; procedures; Learning algorithms | English | 2022 | 2022-09 | 10.3390/s22186922 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | |||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Ultra-Wideband Differential Line-to-Balanced Line Transitions for Super-High-Speed Digital Transmission | A conventional differential line (DL), commonly used on typical digital circuit boards for transmitting high-speed digital data, has fundamental limitations on the maximum signal bandwidth (similar to 10 GHz), mainly due to signal skew, multiple line coupling, and EM interference. Therefore, to support super-high-speed digital data transmission, especially for beyond 5G communications, a practical high-performance transmission structure for digital signals is required. Balanced lines (BLs) can transmit the differential signals with multiple advantages of ultra-wide bandwidth, common-mode rejection, reduced crosstalk, phase recovery, and skew reduction, which enable super-high-speed transmission. In order to utilize the BLs in the DL-based digital circuit, connecting structures between a DL and BLs are required, but the DL-to-BL transition structures dominate the operating bandwidth and signal properties. Therefore, in this paper, properties, and design methods for two ultra-wideband DL-to-BL transitions, i.e., DL-to-CPS (coplanar stripline) and DL-to-PSL (parallel stripline) transitions, are presented. Both implemented DL-to-CPS and DL-to-PSL transitions provide high-quality performance up to 40 GHz or higher, significantly enhancing the frequency bandwidth for the transmission of digital signals while providing compatibility with the DL-based PCBs. The fabricated DL-to-CPS transition performs well from DC to 40 GHz with an insertion loss of less than 0.86 dB and a return loss of more than 10 dB, and the fabricated DL-to-PSL transition also provides good performance from DC to 40 GHz, with an insertion loss of less than 1.34 dB and a return loss of more than 10 dB. Therefore, the proposed DL-to-BL transitions can be applied to achieve super-high-speed digital data transmission with over 40 GHz bandwidth, which is more than four times the bandwidth of the DL, supporting over 200 Gbps of digital data transmission on PCBs for the next generation of advanced communications. | Min, Byung Cheol; Lee, Gwan Hui; Lee, Jung Seok; Nashuha, Syifa Haunan; Choi, Hyun Chul; Kim, Kang Wook | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol, Ulsan 44919, South Korea | Lee, Jung-Seok/L-6826-2019 | 39161762500; 57201689364; 57218775544; 57218903778; 57193342681; 57204432422 | kang_kim@ee.knu.ac.kr; | SENSORS | SENSORS-BASEL | 1424-8220 | 22 | 18 | SCIE | CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION | 2022 | 3.9 | 29.4 | 0.43 | 2025-06-25 | 6 | 5 | ultra-wideband technology; conformal mapping; planar transmission lines; differential line; balanced line; DL-to-BL transitions; high-speed digital circuit | PRINTED-CIRCUIT BOARDS; FILTERS; CPS | balanced line; conformal mapping; differential line; DL-to-BL transitions; high-speed digital circuit; planar transmission lines; ultra-wideband technology | Bandpass filters; Conformal mapping; Data transfer; Insertion losses; Printed circuit boards; Timing circuits; Ultra-wideband (UWB); Balanced line; Differential line-to-balanced line transition; Differential lines; High speed digital circuit; Line transitions; Planar transmission lines; Super-high speed; Ultra-wideband technology; article; bandwidth; conformational transition; velocity; Bandwidth | English | 2022 | 2022-09 | 10.3390/s22186873 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Watcher: Cloud-Based Coding Activity Tracker for Fair Evaluation of Programming Assignments | Online learning has made it possible to attend programming classes regardless of the constraint that all students should be gathered in a classroom. However, it has also made it easier for students to cheat on assignments. Therefore, we need a system to deal with cheating on assignments. This study presents a Watcher system, an automated cloud-based software platform for impartial and convenient online programming hands-on education. The primary features of Watcher are as follows. First, Watcher offers a web-based integrated development environment (Web-IDE) that allows students to start programming immediately without the need for additional installation and configuration. Second, Watcher collects and monitors the coding activity of students automatically in real-time. As Watcher provides the history of the coding activity to instructors in log files, the instructors can investigate suspicious coding activities such as plagiarism, even for a short source code. Third, Watcher provides facilities to remotely manage and evaluate students' hands-on programming assignments. We evaluated Watcher in a Unix system programming class for 96 students. The results showed that Watcher improves the quality of the coding experience for students through Web-IDE, and it offers instructors valuable data that can be used to analyze the various coding activities of individual students. | Kim, Youngpil; Lee, Kyungwoon; Park, Hyunchan | Incheon Natl Univ, Dept Informat & Telecommun Engn, Incheon 22012, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Jeonbuk Natl Univ, Div Comp Sci & Engn, Jeonju 54896, South Korea | Kim, Youngpil/JNS-6796-2023; Lee, Kyungwoon/AGE-8826-2022 | 57196171002; 57190025432; 23478123400 | kwlee87@knu.ac.kr;hyunchan.park@jbnu.ac.kr; | SENSORS | SENSORS-BASEL | 1424-8220 | 22 | 19 | SCIE | CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL;ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC;INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION | 2022 | 3.9 | 29.4 | 0.17 | 2025-06-25 | 2 | 2 | online learning; coding activity; cloud platform; Web-IDE | PLAGIARISM; STUDENTS | cloud platform; coding activity; online learning; Web-IDE | Cloud Computing; Education, Distance; Fitness Trackers; Humans; Software; Students; E-learning; Integrodifferential equations; Cloud platforms; Cloud-based; Coding activity; Integrated development environment; Online learning; Programming assignments; Programming class; Software platforms; Web based; Web-based integrated development environment; activity tracker; cloud computing; education; human; software; student; Students | English | 2022 | 2022-10 | 10.3390/s22197284 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||
| ○ | ○ | Article | 3-D stacked polycrystalline-silicon-MOSFET-based capacitorless DRAM with superior immunity to grain-boundary's influence | In this paper, a capacitorless one-transistor dynamic random access memory (1 T-DRAM) based on a polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor with the asymmetric dual-gate (ADG) structure is designed and analyzed through a technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulation. A poly-Si thin film was used within the device due to its low fabrication cost and feasibility in high-density three-dimensional (3-D) memory arrays. We studied the transfer characteristics and memory performances of the single-layer ADG 1 T-DRAMs and the 3-D stacked ADG 1 T-DRAMs and analyze the reliability depending on the location and the number of grain-boundaries (GBs). The relative standard deviation (RSD) of the threshold voltages (Vth) is depending on the location and the number of GBs. The RSDs of the single-layer ADG 1 T-DRAM and the 3-D stacked ADG 1 T-DRAM are 1.58% and 0.68%, respectively. The RSDs of retention time representing the memory performances are 54.7% and 41%, respectively. As a result of the 3-D stacked structure, the averaging effect occurs, which greatly aids in improving the reliability of the memory performances as well as the transfer characteristics of 1 T-DRAMs depending on the influence of GBs. The proposed 3-D stacked ADG 1 T-DRAM helps implement a high-reliability single-cell memory device. | Lee, Sang Ho; Park, Jin; Min, So Ra; Kim, Geon Uk; Jang, Jaewon; Bae, Jin-Hyuk; Lee, Sin-Hyung; Kang, In Man | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Daegu 702201, South Korea | Lee, Sang Ho/MCX-8396-2025; Lee, Sin-Hyung/ABD-6425-2022 | 57416738400; 57376422900; 57671524600; 57727029200; 57194107504; 35326180700; 57226880204; 7203062678 | imkang@ee.knu.ac.kr; | SCIENTIFIC REPORTS | SCI REP-UK | 2045-2322 | 12 | 1 | SCIE | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | 2022 | 4.6 | 29.5 | 0.36 | 2025-06-25 | 6 | 6 | GATE; TRANSISTORS | English | 2022 | 2022-08-24 | 10.1038/s41598-022-18682-y | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | |||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | 360-degree mixed reality volumetric display using an asymmetric diffusive holographic optical element | Volumetric display technique has a great advantage of displaying realistic three-dimensional contents with a 360-degree viewing angle. However, most volumetric displays cannot provide mixed reality because their screens inside the displays obstruct the external scene. We design a 360-degree mixed-reality volumetric display using an asymmetric diffusive holographic optical element (ADHOE). The ADHOE has wavelength selectivity, and it diffuses the light with the only specific wavelength for the virtual object, so it is possible to optically combine the virtual object and the real scene. Also, the ADHOE has different vertical and horizontal diffusing angles, and it is suitable for a horizontal-parallax-only application. In our system, the parallax images are generated by the DMD, and they are projected sequentially on the ADHOE. The ADHOE is shaped as a slanted curved surface with respect to the optical axis, and some annoying color dispersion is observed due to the mismatch between the diffraction peak points of two different wavelengths. In order to solve this problem, the carrier frequency is applied to green elemental images and the proper Fourier filter cuts off the unwanted diffraction peak points. The Fourier transform with 2f optics is built to record the ADHOE where the angular spectral bandwidth is determined by adjusting the width of the incident object light. A 360-degree see-through display with ADHOE is implemented and the feasibility of mixed reality is verified successfully. (c) 2022 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement | Park, Moonseong; Jeon, Hosung; Heo, Daerak; Lim, Sungjin; Hahn, Joonku | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Daegu, South Korea | 57956948700; 56663784700; 57197871664; 56706721300; 10142501600 | jhahn@knu.ac.kr; | OPTICS EXPRESS | OPT EXPRESS | 1094-4087 | 30 | 26 | SCIE | OPTICS | 2022 | 3.8 | 29.5 | 0.72 | 2025-06-25 | 6 | 7 | SPACE-BANDWIDTH PRODUCT; 3-DIMENSIONAL DISPLAY; SCREEN | Geometrical optics; Holographic displays; Incident light; Mixed reality; Color dispersion; Curved surfaces; Diffraction peaks; Mixed reality; Optical axis; Two different wavelengths; Viewing angle; Virtual objects; Volumetric display; Wavelength Selectivity; Diffraction | English | 2022 | 2022-12-19 | 10.1364/oe.476965 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | |||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | A cost-utility analysis between decompression only and fusion surgery for elderly patients with lumbar spinal stenosis and sagittal imbalance | Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) and sagittal imbalance are relatively common in elderly patients. Although the goals of surgery include both functional and radiological improvements, the criteria of correction may be too strict for elderly patients. If the main symptom of patients is not forward-stooping but neurogenic claudication or pain, lumbar decompression without adding fusion procedure may be a surgical option. We performed cost-utility analysis between lumbar decompression and lumbar fusion surgery for those patients. Elderly patients (age > 60 years) who underwent 1-2 levels lumbar fusion surgery (F-group, n = 31) or decompression surgery (D-group, n = 40) for LSS with sagittal imbalance (C7 sagittal vertical axis, C7-SVA > 40 mm) with follow-up >= 2 years were included. Clinical outcomes (Euro-Quality of Life-5 Dimensions, EQ-5D; Oswestry Disability Index, ODI; numerical rating score of pain on the back and leg, NRS-B and NRS-L) and radiological parameters (C7-SVA; lumbar lordosis, LL; the difference between pelvic incidence and lumbar lordosis, PI-LL; pelvic tilt, PT) were assessed. The quality-adjusted life year (QALY) and incremental cost-effective ratio (ICER) were calculated from a utility score of EQ-5D. Postoperatively, both groups attained clinical and radiological improvement in all parameters, but NRS-L was more improved in the F-group (p = 0.048). ICER of F-group over D-group was 49,833 US dollars/QALY. Cost-effective lumbar decompression may be a recommendable surgical option for certain elderly patients, despite less improvement of leg pain than with fusion surgery. | Won, Young Il; Kim, Chi Heon; Park, Hee-Pyoung; Chung, Sun Gun; Yuh, Woon Tak; Kwon, Shin Won; Yang, Seung Heon; Lee, Chang-Hyun; Choi, Yunhee; Park, Sung Bae; Rhee, John M.; Kim, Kyoung-Tae; Chung, Chun Kee | Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Neurosurg, Sejong Hosp, 20 Bodeum 7 Ro, Sejong 30099, South Korea; Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, 101 Daehak Ro, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Neurosurg & Med Device Dev, Coll Med, 103 Daehak Ro, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Coll Med & Hosp, 101 Daehak Ro, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Rehabil Med, Coll Med & Hosp, 103 Daehak Ro, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Hallym Univ, Dept Neurosurg, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hosp, 7 Keunjaebong Gil, Hwaseong Si 18450, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea; Incheon Vet Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, 138 Inju Daero, Incheon 22182, South Korea; Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Neurosurg, Bundang Hosp, 82,Gumi Ro 173 Beon Gil, Seongnam Si 13620, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea; Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Med Res Collaborating Ctr, Div Med Stat, 101 Daehak Ro, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Seoul Natl Univ, Boramae Hosp, Boramae Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, 20,Boramae Ro 5 Gil, Seoul 07061, South Korea; Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA; Kyungpook Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, 130 Dongdeok Ro, Daegu 41944, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurosurg, 680 Gukchaebosang Ro, Daegu 41944, South Korea; Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Brain & Cognit Sci, 101,1 Gwanak Ro, Seoul, South Korea; Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Coll Med, Dept Neurosurg, 103 Daehak Ro, Seoul 03080, South Korea | Park, Hee/J-5500-2012; Choi, You-Jung/AFR-4193-2022; Kim, Chi/J-6536-2019 | 57744628900; 35145892000; 15758312400; 24450335500; 57191359268; 57197743293; 56440402100; 56942572100; 7404777879; 45261436700; 7202839338; 57201369790; 7403613043 | chiheon1@snu.ac.kr; | SCIENTIFIC REPORTS | SCI REP-UK | 2045-2322 | 12 | 1 | SCIE | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | 2022 | 4.6 | 29.5 | 0.64 | 2025-06-25 | 10 | 10 | OSWESTRY DISABILITY INDEX; LATERAL INTERBODY FUSION; SURGICAL DECISION-MAKING; DEGENERATIVE DISEASE; OUTCOMES; SPONDYLOLISTHESIS; VALIDATION; DISORDERS; ALIGNMENT; DATABASE | Aged; Back Pain; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Decompression; Humans; Lordosis; Lumbar Vertebrae; Middle Aged; Quality of Life; Retrospective Studies; Spinal Stenosis; aged; backache; cost benefit analysis; decompression; human; lordosis; lumbar vertebra; middle aged; quality of life; retrospective study; vertebral canal stenosis | English | 2022 | 2022-11-27 | 10.1038/s41598-022-24784-4 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||||
| ○ | Article | A multicenter cohort study on the association between prehospital immobilization and functional outcome of patients following spinal injury in Asia | Prehospital spinal immobilization is a widely used procedure in the emergency medical service (EMS) system worldwide, while the incidence of patients with spinal injury (SI) is relatively low, and unnecessary prehospital spinal immobilization is associated with patient complications. This study aimed to determine the association between prehospital spine immobilization and favorable functional outcomes at hospital discharge among trauma patients with SI. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Pan-Asia Trauma Outcomes Study (PATOS) registry data from January 1, 2016, to November 30, 2018. A total of 759 patients with SI were enrolled from 43,752 trauma patients in the PATOS registry during the study period. The subjects had a median age of 58 years (Q1–Q3, 41–72), and 438 (57.7%) patients had prehospital spine immobilization. Overall, prehospital spinal immobilization was not associated with favorable functional outcomes at discharge in multivariable logistic regression (aOR 1.06; 95% CI 0.62–1.81, p = 0.826). However, in the subgroup of cervical SI, prehospital spinal immobilization was associated with favorable functional outcomes at discharge (aOR 3.14; 95% CI 1.04–9.50; p = 0.043). Therefore, we suggest that paramedics should be more careful when determining the presence of a cervical SI and should apply full spine immobilization if possible. © The Author(s) 2022. | Chen, Hsuan An; Hsu, Shuo Ting; Shin, Sang Do; Jamaluddin, Sabariah Faizah; Son, Do Ngoc; Hong, Ki Jeong; Tanaka, Hideharu; Sun, Jen Tang; Chiang, Wen Chu; Ramakrishnan; Jamaluddin; Tanaka; Velasco; Hong; Sun; Khruekarnchana; LLC; Son; Rao; Abraham; Mohidin; Saim; Kean; Anthonysamy; Yssof; Ji; Kheng; Ali; Ramanathan; Yang; Chia; Hamad; Ismail; Abdullah; Kimura; Gundran; Convocar; Sabarre; Tiglao; Song; Jeong; Moon; Kim; Cha; Lee; Ahn; Yeom; Ryu; Hu; Wang; Hsieh; Kao; Riyapan; Tianwibool; Buaprasert; Akaraborworn; Al Sakaf; Huy; Van Dai | Department of Emergency Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia; Center for Critical Care Medicine, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Viet Nam, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Emergency Medical System, Graduate School of Kokushikan University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Emergency Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien City, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Taipei, Taiwan; Sri Ramachandra Medical College, Chennai, India; Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia; Department of Emergency Medical System, Graduate School of Kokushikan University, Tokyo, Japan; East Avenue Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines; Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, South Korea, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Emergency Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien City, Taiwan; Ravajith Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; National Ambulance, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Center for Critical Care Medicine, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Viet Nam, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Viet Nam; GVK EMRI, Hyderabad, India; Indian Institute of Emergency Medical Services, Chennai, India; Sultanah Aminah Hospital, Johor, Malaysia; Seri Manjung Hospital, Seri Manjung, Malaysia; Pulau Pinang Hospital, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; Serdang Hospital, Kajang, Malaysia; Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Sarikei Hospital, Sarikei, Malaysia; Sabah Women and Childrens Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia; Ampang Hospital, Ampang, Malaysia; Kajang Hospital, Kajang, Malaysia; Miri Hospital, Miri, Malaysia; Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching, Malaysia; Queen Elizabeth II Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia; Teluk Intan Hospital, Teluk Intan, Malaysia; Raja Perempuan Zainab II Hospital, Kota Bharu, Malaysia; National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Philippine College of Emergency Medicine, Parañaque, Philippines; Southern Philippines Medical Centre, Davao, Philippines; Pasig City General Hospital, Pasig, Philippines; Corazon Locsin Montelibano Memorial Regional Hospital, Bacolod, Philippines; Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Seoul National Univerisity Bundang Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, South Korea; Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, South Korea, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, South Korea, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, South Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, South Korea, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, South Korea; Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea; Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Faculty of Medicine Chiangmai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand; Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand; Dubai Coorporation for Ambulance Services, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; Thong Nhat Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Viet Tiep Hospital, Haiphong, Viet Nam | 57219293366; 57476275000; 57049712400; 36441230600; 35081909100; 55433745900; 7406594639; 35109830700; 7102015410; 58949516200; 58949841600; 58950322000; 58949841400; 58950002700; 58950322100; 58950322200; 58949516300; 58950488000; 58949841500; 58950166200; 58950002400; 58949679000; 58950488100; 58949516400; 58950002500; 58950166300; 58950002600; 58949679100; 58950488200; 58949679200; 58950166400; 58949679300; 58950166500; 58949351100; 58950488300; 58949516500; 58950322300; 58949679400; 58949516600; 58949679500; 58950488400; 58950322400; 58949679600; 58950002900; 58950003100; 58950003000; 58949351200; 58950003200; 58950488500; 58949351400; 58950003300; 58950322500; 58949679700; 58949679800; 58950322600; 58949841700; 58950488600; 58950488700; 58950166700 | tangtang05231980@gmail.com;drchiang.tw@gmail.com; | Scientific Reports | SCI REP-UK | 2045-2322 | 2045-2322 | 12 | 1 | SCIE | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | 2022 | 4.6 | 29.5 | 0.57 | 2025-06-25 | 8 | Asia; Cohort Studies; Emergency Medical Services; Humans; Immobilization; Middle Aged; Neck Injuries; Retrospective Studies; Spinal Injuries; Asia; clinical trial; cohort analysis; emergency health service; human; immobilization; middle aged; multicenter study; neck injury; procedures; retrospective study; spine injury | English | Final | 2022 | 10.1038/s41598-022-07481-0 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||||||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | A tissue attached to self-expandable metal stents for biliary stricture could be useful to find malignancy | Biliary strictures can have several benign or malignant causes. We attempted to determine the usefulness of establishing a diagnosis using self-expandable metal stents (SEMS) in a prospective series of patients with suspected malignant biliary obstruction. Data of patients who underwent SEMS removal from August 2016 to December 2019 were collected. During this period, 55 patients underwent endobiliary biopsy and SEMS insertion and removal. Fifty-five consecutive patients (mean age, 69 years; range 53-90 years) were enrolled, and of these, 37 were male and 18 were female. A final diagnosis was established using biopsy specimens in 37 cases (67.3%) and surgical specimens in 6 cases (10.9%), with 12 cases (21.8%) diagnosed on radiological follow-up. The final diagnoses included malignancy in 34 cases (61.8%) and benign stricture in 21 cases (38.2%). Endobiliary biopsy had a sensitivity and specificity of 44.1% and 95.2%, whereas SEMS cytology had a sensitivity and specificity of 52.9% and 100%, respectively. Combining endobiliary biopsy and/or SEMS cytology yielded a sensitivity and specificity of 73.5% and 95.2%, respectively. (1) The use of biopsy results alone as a diagnostic tool yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.70 (0.60-0.79). (2) The addition of SEMS to the biopsy results yielded an AUC of 0.86 (0.78-0.94). (3) The addition of CA 19-9 levels to the biopsy results yielded an AUC of 0.81 (0.71-0.94). (4) Combining the endobiliary biopsy results, SEMS tissues, and CA 19-9 levels yielded the best diagnostic accuracy, with an AUC of 0.90 (0.83-0.98). Detection of biliary obstruction using the combination strategy was better than the diagnostic results based on biopsy alone according to recent 3-year data. Our study suggested that SEMS removal could help establish a diagnosis of suspected malignant biliary obstruction. | Kwon, Hyungjun; Jung, Min Kyu; Park, Sung Jin; Heo, Jun; Lee, Dong Wook; Kang, Yoo Na; Han, Jaryung; Han, Young Seok; Lee, Won Kee | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Surg, Sch Med, Daegu, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Internal Med, Sch Med, 680 Gukchaebosang Ro, Daegu 41944, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Daegu, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Forens Med, Sch Med, Daegu, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Surg, Daegu, South Korea; Daegu Catholic Univ, Dept Surg, Sch Med, Daegu, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Med Informat, Sch Med, Daegu, South Korea | ; Kim, Young/J-5414-2012 | 57199757347; 56783168100; 57967945600; 36448170600; 57202974895; 7402784356; 57214671308; 7404096216; 22953484700 | minky1973@knu.ac.kr; | SCIENTIFIC REPORTS | SCI REP-UK | 2045-2322 | 12 | 1 | SCIE | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | 2022 | 4.6 | 29.5 | 0 | 2025-06-25 | 0 | 0 | PERORAL CHOLANGIOPANCREATOSCOPY SYSTEM; BRUSH CYTOLOGY; DIAGNOSIS; ERCP; CHOLANGIOSCOPY; MANAGEMENT; BIOPSY; BILE; VISUALIZATION; OBSTRUCTION | Aged; Cholestasis; Constriction, Pathologic; Female; Humans; Male; Neoplasms; Self Expandable Metallic Stents; Stents; adverse device effect; aged; cholestasis; complication; female; human; male; neoplasm; self expandable metallic stent; stenosis, occlusion and obstruction; stent | English | 2022 | 2022-11-16 | 10.1038/s41598-022-24115-7 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | An integrated mediapipe-optimized GRU model for Indian sign language recognition | Sign language recognition is challenged by problems, such as accurate tracking of hand gestures, occlusion of hands, and high computational cost. Recently, it has benefited from advancements in deep learning techniques. However, these larger complex approaches cannot manage long-term sequential data and they are characterized by poor information processing and learning efficiency in capturing useful information. To overcome these challenges, we propose an integrated MediaPipe-optimized gated recurrent unit (MOPGRU) model for Indian sign language recognition. Specifically, we improved the update gate of the standard GRU cell by multiplying it by the reset gate to discard the redundant information from the past in one screening. By obtaining feedback from the resultant of the reset gate, additional attention is shown to the present input. Additionally, we replace the hyperbolic tangent activation in standard GRUs with exponential linear unit activation and SoftMax with Softsign activation in the output layer of the GRU cell. Thus, our proposed MOPGRU model achieved better prediction accuracy, high learning efficiency, information processing capability, and faster convergence than other sequential models. | Subramanian, Barathi; Olimov, Bekhzod; Naik, Shraddha M.; Kim, Sangchul; Park, Kil-Houm; Kim, Jeonghong | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Comp Sci & Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Hankuk Univ Foreign Studies, Div Comp Engn, Seoul, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea | ; Subramanian, Barathi/HLP-9548-2023; Naik, Shraddha/AAX-9472-2020; Olimov, Bekhzod/AAA-9362-2021 | 57221053219; 57220579660; 57200942684; 57196226355; 35776805000; 55138548100 | jhk@knu.ac.kr; | SCIENTIFIC REPORTS | SCI REP-UK | 2045-2322 | 12 | 1 | SCIE | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | 2022 | 4.6 | 29.5 | 5.75 | 2025-06-25 | 37 | 81 | SEGMENTATION; NETWORK; LSTM | Gestures; Humans; Language; Recognition, Psychology; Sign Language; article; attention; Grus; human; human experiment; learning; nonhuman; prediction; sign language; gesture; language | English | 2022 | 2022-07-13 | 10.1038/s41598-022-15998-7 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Analysis of the fluid contents of simple bone cyst in the mandible | Description of simple bone cyst (SBC) content has been controversial. This study aimed to assess and give a clearer picture of the SBC cavity contents. Between 2014 and 2016, 19 patients with SBC verified by histopathological examination were included in this study. SBC cavity content was investigated using clinical, radiographic, surgical, and laboratory findings. The difference in components among cavity fluid, blood, and serum was evaluated using a paired sample t-test for statistical analysis. All 19 SBC cases radiographically and surgically revealed a fluid-filled cavity. The patients' average age was 21.3 +/- 13.2 years, with no sex predominance found. SBCs were found mostly in the anterior mandible (n = 12, 63.2%). All lesions were filled with clear straw-colored or blood-colored floods with low concentration. Although the fluid components were similar to those in the blood and serum in the laboratory analysis, the statistical analysis revealed that the fluid components were not significantly different only for eosinophil (p = 0.43) and basophil (p = 0.06) counts as blood components and sodium (p = 0.76), potassium (p = 0.08), and chloride (p = 0.13) concentration as serum components. The results show that SBC is a fluid-filled cavity, with the cavity fluid being more likely similar to serum rather than blood regarding internal components. | Choi, So-Young; Boboeva, Obida; Ham, Ji Yeon; An, Chang-Hyeon; Lee, Sung-Tak; Kim, Jin-Wook; An, Seo-Young | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Dent, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Daegu, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Chilgok Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Clin Pathol, Daegu, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Dent, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Radiol, IHBR, 2177 Dalgubeol Daero, Daegu 41940, South Korea | 57202918688; 57220642750; 56464754800; 17134437600; 55931708300; 55862646000; 55258203200 | syan@knu.ac.kr; | SCIENTIFIC REPORTS | SCI REP-UK | 2045-2322 | 12 | 1 | SCIE | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | 2022 | 4.6 | 29.5 | 0.28 | 2025-06-25 | 4 | 4 | SOLITARY; JAWS | Adolescent; Adult; Bone Cysts; Child; Humans; Mandible; Young Adult; adolescent; adult; bone cyst; child; diagnostic imaging; human; mandible; pathology; young adult | English | 2022 | 2022-06-16 | 10.1038/s41598-022-13264-4 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | |||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Analysis of the physiological load on lumbar vertebrae in patients with osteoporosis: a finite-element study | This study aims to investigate the difference in physiological loading on the spine in three different motions (flexion-extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation) between osteoporotic and normal spines, using finite element modelling. A three-dimensional finite element (FE) model centered on the lumbar spine was constructed. We applied two different material properties of osteoporotic and normal spines. For the FE analysis, three loading conditions (flexion-extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation) were applied. The von Mises stress was higher on the nucleus pulposus at all vertebral levels in all movements, in the osteoporosis group than in the normal group. On the annulus fibrosus, the von Mises stress increased at the level of L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S in the flexion-extension group and at L4-L5 and L5-S levels in the lateral bending group. The values of two motions, flexion-extension and lateral bending, increased in the L4 and L5 cortical bones. In axial rotation, the von Mises stress increased at the level of L5 of cortical bone. Additionally, the von Mises stress increased in the lower endplate of L5-S and L4-L5 in all movements, especially lateral bending. Even in the group with no increase, there was a part that received increased von Mises stress locally for each element in the three-dimensional reconstructed view of the pressure distribution in color. The von Mises stress on the lumbar region in the three loading conditions, was greater in most components of osteoporotic vertebrae than in normal vertebrae and the value was highest in the nucleus pulposus. Considering the increase in the measured von Mises stress and the local increase in the pressure distribution, we believe that these results can contribute to explaining discogenic pain and degeneration. | Kang, Sungwook; Park, Chan-Hee; Jung, Hyunwoo; Lee, Subum; Min, Yu-Sun; Kim, Chul-Hyun; Cho, Mingoo; Jung, Gu-Hee; Kim, Dong-Hee; Kim, Kyoung-Tae; Hwang, Jong-Moon | Korea Inst Ind Technol, Precis Mech Proc & Control R&D Grp, Jinju 52845, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Rehabil Med, Daegu 41944, South Korea; Korea Univ, Dept Neurosurg, Anam Hosp, Seoul 02841, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Rehabil Med, Chilgok Hosp, Daegu 41404, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Rehabil Med, Daegu 41944, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurosurg, Daegu 41944, South Korea; Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Coll Med, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Chang Won 51472, South Korea; Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Changwon Hosp, Chang Won 51472, South Korea; Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Inst Hlth Sci, Res Inst Clin Med, Dept Orthopaed Surg,Sch Med & Hosp, Jinju 52727, South Korea | Lee, Subum/AFQ-2764-2022; KANG, SUNGWOOK/AAF-6339-2021 | 55611458600; 57299095700; 57222991608; 57193631061; 48061349800; 59603554500; 57556834700; 57202385117; 56648475900; 57201369790; 56367634000 | nskimkt7@knu.ac.kr;hti82@knu.ac.kr; | SCIENTIFIC REPORTS | SCI REP-UK | 2045-2322 | 12 | 1 | SCIE | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | 2022 | 4.6 | 29.5 | 1.21 | 2025-06-25 | 17 | 19 | BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; DISC DEGENERATION; RISK; FRACTURES | Biomechanical Phenomena; Finite Element Analysis; Humans; Lumbar Vertebrae; Lumbosacral Region; Osteoporosis; Range of Motion, Articular; Spinal Fusion; biomechanics; diagnostic imaging; finite element analysis; human; joint characteristics and functions; lumbar vertebra; lumbosacral region; osteoporosis; physiology; procedures; spine fusion | English | 2022 | 2022-06-29 | 10.1038/s41598-022-15241-3 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Analysis of the vulnerability estimation and neighbor value prediction in autonomous systems | The security within autonomous systems (AS)s is one of the important measures to keep network users safe and stable from the various type of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. Similar to the other existing attack types Internet control message protocol (ICMP) based attacks are remained open challenge on the Internet environment. In this study, we have proposed a method to estimate the vulnerability of 600 AS provider edge (PE) routers by sending ICMP packets and predicted AS neighbor values using least square regression (LSR) approach. The results of our study show that 265 AS PE routers are vulnerable due to ICMP flood attack from the 600 ASs which were analyzed. Additionally, we have predicted that about 60% of total AS neighbors will be reduced in the next 3 years. Our results indicate that some ASs still did not deploy the firewall system in the boundary of their networks. Similarly, we also observed that the majority of ASs which expected to have less neighbor values in the next 3 years is due to change their routing paths to find adjacent paths. | Rahmatov, Nematullo; Saeed, Faisal; Paul, Anand | Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Comp Sci & Engn, Daegu 41566, South Korea | Paul, Anand/V-6724-2017 | 57203635963; 58165089300; 56650522400 | paul.editor@gmail.com; | SCIENTIFIC REPORTS | SCI REP-UK | 2045-2322 | 12 | 1 | SCIE | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | 2022 | 4.6 | 29.5 | 0.14 | 2025-06-25 | 2 | 2 | INTERNET | Algorithms; article; Internet; least square analysis; prediction; vulnerability; algorithm | English | 2022 | 2022-06-08 | 10.1038/s41598-022-13613-3 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||||
| ○ | Article | Association between prehospital fluid resuscitation with crystalloids and outcome of trauma patients in Asia by a cross-national multicenter cohort study | Prehospital fluid resuscitation with crystalloids in patients following trauma remain controversial. This study aimed to investigate the association between prehospital fluid resuscitation and outcomes of trauma patients in Asia. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of trauma patients between 2016 and 2018 using data from the Pan-Asia Trauma Outcomes Study (PATOS) database. Prehospital fluid resuscitation was defined as any administration of intravenous crystalloid fluid on the ambulance before arrival to hospitals. The outcomes were in-hospital mortality and poor functional outcomes, defined as Modified Rankin Scale ≥ 4. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to equalize potential prognostic factors in both groups. This study included 31,735 patients from six countries in Asia, and 4318 (13.6%) patients had ever received prehospital fluid resuscitation. The patients receiving prehospital fluid resuscitation had a higher risk of in-hospital mortality, with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 2.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.32–3.10, p = 0.001 in PSM analysis. Prehospital fluid resuscitation was also associated with poor functional outcomes, with an OR 1.73, 95% CI: 1.48–2.03, p < 0.001 in PSM analysis. Prehospital fluid resuscitation in patients with major trauma (injury severity score ≥ 16) presented a higher risk of poor functional outcomes (aOR = 2.65, 95% CI: 1.89–3.73 in PSM analysis, pinteraction = 0.006) via subgroup analysis. Prehospital fluid resuscitation of trauma patients is associated with higher in-hospital mortality and poor functional outcomes in the subgroup in countries studied. © 2022, The Author(s). | Sung, Chih-Wei; Sun, Jen-Tang; Huang, Edward Pei-Chuan; Shin, Sang Do; Song, Kyoung Jun; Hong, Ki Jeong; Jamaluddin, Sabariah Faizah; Son, Do Ngoc; Hsieh, Ming-Ju; Ma, Matthew Huei-Ming; Hsu, Li-Min; Chiang, Wen-Chu; Rao, Ramana; Abraham, George P.; Ramakrishnan, T.V.; Jamaluddin, Sabariah Faiwah; Mohidin, Mohd Amin Bin; Saim, Al-Hilmi; Kean, Lim Chee; Anthonysamy, Cecilia; Yssof, Shah Jahan Din Mohd; Ji, Kang Wen; Kheng, Cheah Phee; Ali, Shamila Bt Mohamad; Ramanathan, Periyanayaki; Yang, Chia Boon; Chia, Hon Woei; Hamad, Hafidahwati Binti; Ismail, Samsu Ambia; Abdullah, Wan Rasydan B. Wan; Tanaka, Hideharu; Kimura, Akio; Velasco, Bernadett; Gundran, Carlos D.; Convocar, Pauline; Sabarre, Nerissa G.; Tiglao, Patrick Joseph; Song, Kyoung Jun; Jeong, Joo; Moon, Sung Woo; Kim, Joo-yeong; Cha, Won Chul; Lee, Seung Chul; Ahn, Jae Yun; Lee, Kang Hyeon; Yeom, Seok Ran; Ryu, Hyeon Ho; Kim, Su Jin; Kim, Sang Chul; Hu, Ray-Heng; Wang, Ruei-Fang; Hsieh, Shang-Lin; Kao, Wei-Fong; Riyapan, Sattha; Tianwibool, Parinya; Buaprasert, Phudit; Akaraborworn, Osaree; Sakaf, Omer Ahmed Al; Fares, Saleh; Huy, Le Bao; Van Dai, Nguyen | Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu City, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu City, Taiwan, Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan; SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia; Center for Critical Care Medicine, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi City, Viet Nam, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan, Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Douliu City, Taiwan; Department of Traumatology and Critical Care, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan, Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Douliu City, Taiwan; GVK EMRI, Hyderabad, India; Indian Institute of Emergency Medical Services, Chennai, India; Sri Ramachandra Medical Center, Chennai, India; Sungai Buloh Hospital, Petaling District, Malaysia; Sultanah Aminah Hospital, Johor Bahru, Malaysia; Seri Manjung Hospital, Seri Manjung, Malaysia; Pulau Pinang Hospital, George Town, Malaysia; Serdang Hospital, Sepang, Malaysia; Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Sarikei Hospital, Sarikei, Malaysia; Sabah Women and Children’s Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia; Ampang Hospital, Ampang Jaya, Malaysia; Kajang Hospital, Kajang, Malaysia; Miri Hospital, Miri, Malaysia; Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching, Malaysia; Queen Elizabeth II Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia; Teluk Intan Hospital, Teluk Intan, Malaysia; Raja Perempuan Zainab II Hospital, Kota Bharu, Malaysia; Kokushikan University, Tokyo, Japan; National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; East Avenue Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines; Philippine College of Emergency Medicine, Parañaque, Philippines; Southern Philippines Medical Centre, Davao City, Philippines; Pasig City General Hospital, Pasig, Philippines; Corazon Locsin Montelibano Memorial Regional Hospital, Bacolod, Philippines; Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Seoul National Univerisity Bundang Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan-si South, South Korea; Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan-si South, South Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, South Korea; Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea; Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, South Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea; Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju-si, South Korea; Department of Traumatology and Critical Care, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan; Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan; Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan; Taipei City Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Faculty of Medicine, Chiangmai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand; Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand; Dubai Corporation for Ambulance Services, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; National Ambulance LLC, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Thong Nhat Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Viet Tiep Hospital, Haiphong, Viet Nam | 57218299225; 35109830700; 54410605400; 57049712400; 57037616400; 55433745900; 36441230600; 35081909100; 23469472800; 26039292700; 56542477400; 7102015410; 57414812100; 59039651100; 14008606600; 57798249700; 57210915115; 57797785900; 57798939200; 57196449634; 57797550500; 57798476300; 34879454200; 57798014600; 57798476400; 57219848976; 57798014700; 57798476500; 57797550600; 57798014800; 7406594639; 37034223200; 57797550800; 59324463700; 57218702312; 57798705500; 57547020000; 59475438700; 39061606100; 8725859700; 54179487300; 26030262900; 55370162900; 56937505400; 57797786100; 25028912100; 57797786200; 57196044127; 7601581324; 57745119200; 16308461200; 57226285755; 7103156073; 57056385900; 57478877400; 57222981508; 56203577500; 57222059340; 59429156900; 57797551000; 26026174200 | drchiang.tw@gmail.com;slm09002@yahoo.com.tw; | Scientific Reports | SCI REP-UK | 2045-2322 | 2045-2322 | 12 | 1 | SCIE | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | 2022 | 4.6 | 29.5 | 0.92 | 2025-06-25 | 13 | Asia; Cohort Studies; Crystalloid Solutions; Emergency Medical Services; Humans; Resuscitation; Retrospective Studies; Wounds and Injuries; Asia; clinical trial; cohort analysis; crystalloid; emergency health service; epidemiology; human; injury; multicenter study; resuscitation; retrospective study | English | Final | 2022 | 10.1038/s41598-022-06933-x | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||||||||
| ○ | ○ | Article | Asymmetry between right and left fundus images identified using convolutional neural networks | We analyzed fundus images to identify whether convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can discriminate between right and left fundus images. We gathered 98,038 fundus photographs from the Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, South Korea, and augmented these with the Ocular Disease Intelligent Recognition dataset. We created eight combinations of image sets to train CNNs. Class activation mapping was used to identify the discriminative image regions used by the CNNs. CNNs identified right and left fundus images with high accuracy (more than 99.3% in the Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital dataset and 91.1% in the Ocular Disease Intelligent Recognition dataset) regardless of whether the images were flipped horizontally. The depth and complexity of the CNN affected the accuracy (DenseNet121: 99.91%, ResNet50: 99.86%, and VGG19: 99.37%). DenseNet121 did not discriminate images composed of only left eyes (55.1%, p = 0.548). Class activation mapping identified the macula as the discriminative region used by the CNNs. Several previous studies used the flipping method to augment data in fundus photographs. However, such photographs are distinct from non-flipped images. This asymmetry could result in undesired bias in machine learning. Therefore, when developing a CNN with fundus photographs, care should be taken when applying data augmentation with flipping. | Kang, Tae Seen; Kim, Bum Jun; Nam, Ki Yup; Lee, Seongjin; Kim, Kyonghoon; Lee, Woong-sub; Kim, Jinhyun; Han, Yong Soep | Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Changwon Hosp, 11 Samjeongja Ro, Chang Won 51472, South Korea; Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Sejong Hosp, Sejong, South Korea; Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Dept Al Convergence Engn, Jinju, South Korea; Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Comp Sci & Engn, Daegu, South Korea; Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Dept Informat & Commun Engn, Tongyeong, South Korea; Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Inst Hlth Sci, Dept Ophthalmol, Coll Med, Jinju, South Korea | Lee, Seongjin/AAI-2365-2020 | 57020662400; 57212484198; 57193612027; 24824950900; 15065463500; 57223965814; 56242902800; 59100476600 | medcabin@naver.com; | SCIENTIFIC REPORTS | SCI REP-UK | 2045-2322 | 12 | 1 | SCIE | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | 2022 | 4.6 | 29.5 | 0.5 | 2025-06-25 | 6 | 7 | SYMMETRY | Algorithms; Datasets as Topic; Deep Learning; Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; Fundus Oculi; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Republic of Korea; Retrospective Studies; algorithm; eye fundus; human; image processing; information processing; procedures; retrospective study; South Korea; visual system examination | English | 2022 | 2022-01-27 | 10.1038/s41598-021-04323-3 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | ||||
| ○ | Erratum | Author Correction: Asymmetry between right and left fundus images identified using convolutional neural networks (Scientific Reports, (2022), 12, 1, (1444), 10.1038/s41598-021-04323-3) | [No abstract available] | Kang, Tae Seen; Kim, Bum Jun; Nam, Ki Yup; Lee, Seongjin; Kim, Kyonghoon; Lee, Woong-sub; Kim, Jinhyun; Han, Yong Seop | Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, #11 Samjeongja-ro, Seongsan-gu, Changwon, 51472, South Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, #11 Samjeongja-ro, Seongsan-gu, Changwon, 51472, South Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, South Korea; Department of AI Convergence Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea; School of Computer Science & Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea; Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong, South Korea; Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong, South Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, #11 Samjeongja-ro, Seongsan-gu, Changwon, 51472, South Korea, Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea | 57020662400; 57212484198; 57193612027; 24824950900; 15065463500; 57223965814; 56242902800; 55489221800 | medcabin@naver.com; | Scientific Reports | SCI REP-UK | 2045-2322 | 2045-2322 | 12 | 1 | SCIE | MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES | 2022 | 4.6 | 29.5 | 0 | 2025-06-25 | 0 | erratum | English | Final | 2022 | 10.1038/s41598-022-10443-1 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 | 바로가기 |
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